| 词条 | Alice Huyler Ramsey | |
| 释义 |
| name = Alice Huyler Ramsey | image = Alice Ramsey ggbain.03065.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1886|11|11|mf=y}} | birth_place = Hackensack, then known as New Barbadoes Twp., Bergen County, NJ | death_date = {{death date and age|1983|9|10|1886|11|11|mf=y}} | death_place = Covina, California. | occupation = Vehicular Pioneer | spouse = John R. Ramsey | parents = Ada and John Huyler | children = John R., Jr. and Alice }}Alice Huyler Ramsey (November 11, 1886 – September 10, 1983) was the first woman to drive across the United States from coast to coast.[1] BiographyRamsey was born Alice Taylor Huyler, the daughter of John Edwin Huyler, a lumber dealer, and Ada Mumford Farr. She attended Vassar College from 1903-1905. In 1908 her husband bought her a new Maxwell runabout. She was an avid driver, and in September 1908 she drove one of the three Maxwells which were entered in that year's American Automobile Association's (AAA) Montauk Point endurance race, being one of only two women to participate. One of the other Maxwell drivers was Carl Kelsey, who did publicity for Maxwell-Briscoe. It was during this event that Kelsey proposed that she attempt a transcontinental journey, with Maxwell-Briscoe's backing. The company would supply a 1909 touring car for the journey, and would also provide assistance and parts as needed.[2] The drive was originally meant as a publicity stunt for Maxwell-Briscoe,[3] and would also prove to be part of Maxwell's ongoing strategy of specifically marketing to women.[3] At that time, women were not often encouraged to drive cars. On June 9, 1909, this 22-year-old housewife and mother from Hackensack, New Jersey,[4] began a 3,800-mile journey from Hell Gate in Manhattan, New York, to San Francisco, California, in a green Maxwell 30. On her 59-day trek she was accompanied by two older sisters-in-law and 19 year-old friend Hermine Jahns, none of whom could drive a car. They arrived amid great fanfare on August 7,[1][5] although about three weeks later than originally planned.[2] The group of women used maps from the American Automobile Association to make the journey. Only 152 of the 3,600 miles (244 of the 5,767 kilometers) that the group traveled were paved.[4] Over the course of the drive, Ramsey changed 11 tires, cleaned the spark plugs, repaired a broken brake pedal and had to sleep in the car when it was stuck in mud.[4] The women mostly navigated by using telephone poles, following the poles with more wires in hopes that they would lead to a town.[6] Along the way, they crossed the trail of a manhunt for a killer in Nebraska, Ramsey received a case of bedbugs from a Wyoming hotel, and in Nevada they were surrounded by a Native American hunting party with bows and arrows drawn.[4] In San Francisco, crowds awaited them at the St. James Hotel.[4] Ramsey was named the "Woman Motorist of the Century" by AAA in 1960.[4] In later years, she lived in West Covina, California, where in 1961 she wrote and published the story of her journey, Veil, Duster, and Tire Iron. Between 1909 and 1975, Ramsey drove across the country more than 30 times. Ramsey was married to congressman John R. Ramsey of Hackensack, New Jersey, on 10 Jan 1906 in Hackensack, NJ with whom she had two children, John Rathbone Ramsey, Jr. (1907–2000) and Alice Valleau Ramsey (1910–2015), who married Robert Stewart Bruns (1906–1981). She lived with Anna Graham Harris in New Jersey and then California from 1933 until Anna's death in 1953, and then with Elizabeth Elliott from 1968 until Ramsey's death in 1983.[7] She died on September 10, 1983, in Covina, California.[8] LegacyOn October 17, 2000, she became the first woman inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame. Quotes"Good driving has nothing to do with sex. It's all above the collar."[9] References{{Commons category|Alice Huyler Ramsey}}1. ^1 {{cite journal |first=Marina Koestler |last=Ruben |title=Alice Ramsey's Historic Cross-Country Drive |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/specialsections/womens-history/The-Centennial-of-Alice-Ramseys-Drive.html |quote=In 1909, 22-year-old Alice Ramsey made history as the first woman to drive across the United States ... |journal= Smithsonian |publisher= Smithsonian Institution |date= June 5, 2009 |accessdate= March 9, 2010 }} 2. ^1 {{cite book |first=Curt |last=McConnell |title="A Reliable Car and a Woman Who Knows It": The First Coast-to-Coast Auto Trips by Women, 1899-1916 |pages=23–25 |isbn=0-7864-0970-3 |publisher=McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers |year=2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=obHAVpbLlwEC&dq=%22A+Reliable+Car+and+a+Woman+Who+Knows+It%22+%22Montauk+Point%22+%22parts+and+other+assistance+along+the+route%22+%22completed+her+journey%22&pg=PA23#v=onepage&f=false | accessdate=2016-08-25}} 3. ^{{cite book |first=Virginia |last=Scharff |title=Taking the Wheel: Women and the Coming of the Motor Age |page=84 |isbn=0-8263-1395-7 |publisher=Free Press |year=1991 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kn46oH0Kk-IC&dq=%22Maxwell+Motor+Company%22&pg=PA84#v=onepage&f=false | accessdate=2016-08-25}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite journal |title= Alice Ramsey's Historic 1909 Drive Across America |date= July 2009 |journal= Go Magazine |publisher= AAA Carolinas}} 5. ^{{cite journal |url= http://www.encompassmag.com/2009/05/alice_ramsey.html |title= Alice Ramsey's historic road trip |last= Blaine |first= Dean |date= May 2009 |work= EnCompassing |publisher= AAA Colorado |accessdate= August 5, 2011 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110608194123/http://www.encompassmag.com/2009/05/alice_ramsey.html |archivedate= June 8, 2011 |df= mdy-all }} 6. ^{{cite book |authorlink= Charles Kuralt |last=Kuralt |first= Charles |title= On The Road with Charles Kuralt |publisher= Ballantine Books |year= 1985 |page= 64}} 7. ^"Alice Ramsey: Driving in New Directions" 8. ^{{cite news |title=Alice H. Ramsey |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB2962811498B0B&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |quote=Alice Huyler Ramsey, 96, the first woman to drive from ocean to ocean across the United States, died Saturday at her home in Covina, a town 25 miles east of downtown Los Angeles. Honored in 1960 as 'Woman Motorist of the Century' by the American Automobile Association, Mrs. Ramsey and three friends made the 3,800-mile journey from New York to San Francisco in 41 days. In a 1978 interview with The Inquirer, she recalled that she undertook the 1909 expedition .... |work=Philadelphia Inquirer |date=September 14, 1983 |accessdate=March 9, 2010 }} 9. ^{{cite journal |title=quote by Alice Ramsey |journal= Ms. Magazine |date= February 1975 |page=17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?&id=OtWxAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Good+driving%22+%22has+nothing+to+do+with+sex%22+%22It's+all+above+the+collar%22+%22Alice+Ramsey+is%22 |accessdate= 2016-08-25}} External links
6 : Automotive pioneers|1886 births|1983 deaths|Vassar College alumni|People from Hackensack, New Jersey|People from Rochester, New York |
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