“Shakta Rash”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The main features of the Nabadwip Rash are to make huge idols with clay and to worship Shakti. Every idol has an artistic design, a variety of imagination, religious discourse, and deep understanding of the scholars, which help entertain innumerable people.^[3] Cartoonist Chandi Lahiri said that hugeness of clay idol differs from any other festival as Nabadwip's idols are shapely and symmetric although they are light in weight.

Historical groundings

Ras festival mainly part of Vaishnavism. In the time of Chaitanya deb or some years earlier, Rash Yatra was started in Nabadwip. But it was Vaishnabic festival. Shakta ras is totally different from that. Sakta Ras festival may be older than Vaishnava Ras, because in the beginning, idols were worshipped in Patachitra. During the time of Krishnachandra and mainly Girishchandra, Nabadwip Rash yatra became popular. Krishna Chandra and Girishchandra spent huge money to make popular this festival and thought that from that time worshipping started through clay idol.^[4]

Girish Chandra Basu highlighted the first glimpse of Nabadwip Ras. In 1853-1860, he was a daroga of Nabadwip-Shantipur and Krishnanagar. In his famous book Sekaler Daroga Kahini (published 1888 AD), he wrote various socio-cultural reports along with the geographical location of the Nabadwip of that time.^[5]

Kali puja and Ras festival

Nabadwip is sanctum of Tantra. Many Shakta and tantra philosopher worshipped Devi kali even before initiations of Shakta Ras Festival. Later these Kali idols were worshipped in Ras festival. Fundamentalism of Brahmin leads others people to turn towards tantra. Since twelve or fourteenth century, tantra become enriched with tendance of tantra philosophers throughout Bengal.

Conflict with Vaishnavism

In early 16 century, some of vaishnabic scholar start vaishnabic movement. So it was an obvious conflict with Shakta followers who were worshipping Tantra. Nearly over 300 years long conflict ended partially today. This two types of scio-cultural way inevitablely effect on Shakta ras as well as Vaishnava ras festival.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

Shakta ras in early days

Documentation of early days of Shakta ras is very rare as flood and earthquake hits several times. Although Girish Chandra Basu and Kanti Chandra Rari gave glimpse of Shakta ras in early days.

Girish Chandra Basu

Girish Chandra Basu, Daroga of Nabadwip-Shantipur-Krishnagar, wrote sekaler daroga kahini, where he described socio-cultural view of Nadia. He wrote

During ras utsav people were gathered in Shantipur, similarly in Nabadwip lots of people came to see Potpuja and various cultural programme is being held. This Potpuja is very famous in Nabadwip. Though its name is Potpuja but actually worshiping has done through making clay idol of various deity. Among them, Durga, Bindhyabasini, Kali, Jagadhatri, Annapurna were very famous. This idol are very light weighted. Five or six people can easily bear in the shoulder, even they can easily dance with it.

Description

Girish babu's description gives an idea about 19 century Ras utsav. Bindhyobasini was worshiped in Purangunge. This place is now ruined. In 1853-60 he saw Purangunge in right place. After that in 1871 Purangunge was ruined by Ganga due to erosion. Then Bindhyabasini deity transferred to Sribasangan. But due to some internal problem puja committee had split in two organising committee. And one committee worshiped Bindhyabasini in Sribasangan and other one started Gourangini puja near Jognathtala.

Kanti Chandra Rari

Historian Kanti Chandra Rari also wrote about Nabadwip Ras in his Nabadwip Mahima book. There he confirmed that Shakta Ras jatra had been celebrated since long year back. He wrote,

Superpower of Hindu mythology, Devi Bhagabati has been worshipped in different form in Nabadwip during Ras Purnima. Next day after puja, people from the nearest place came to watch idols. Also Maharaja of Nadia came to see and he encouraged this festival by giving award for making outstanding idol. For that purpose organising committee brought there idol in Porama tala. There Maharaj judges the structure of idol, ornaments (called in Bengali as Saj, সাজ) etc and then decided the award to best one.

Glory of the Idols

Cartoonist Chandi Lahiri said about the glory of the idols worshiped in Nabadwip Rash jatra^[6]^[7]-

References

1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/district/nadia-murshidabad/%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9B-%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%96-%E0%A6%B6-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%AA-1.84818|title=রাসে পরিবর্তনের ছোঁয়া, খুশি নবদ্বীপ - Anandabazar|last=সংবাদদাতা|first=নিজস্ব|work=anandabazar.com|access-date=2018-07-06|language=en}}
2. ^{{Cite cvnews|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/district/nadia-murshidabad/%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9B-%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%96-%E0%A6%B6-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%AA-1.84818|title=রাসে পরিবর্তনের ছোঁয়া, খুশি নবদ্বীপ - Anandabazar|last=সংবাদদাতা|first=নিজস্ব|work=anandabazar.com|access-date=2018-07-06|language=en}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/site/nabadwiptown/nabadwip-rash-utsab/about-rash-history|title=About Rash/History - Nabadwip, oxford of old east|website=sites.google.com|access-date=2017-12-22}}
4. ^Nadia Kahini, addition, pg-372
5. ^{{Cite book|title=সেকালের দারোগা কাহিনী (Sekaler Daroga Kahini)|last=Basu|first=Girish Chandra|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}
6. ^{{Cite book|title=Nabadwiper Itibritto|last=Mrityunjoy Mandal|first=|publisher=NABADWIP SAHITYO SAMAJ|date=January 2013|isbn=|location=Nabadwip, Nadia|pages=157}}
7. ^Rashmi published by Nabadwip Adarsha Pathagar, January 1997, pg: 86-86