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Shamkhal Sultan, also known as Shamkhal Sultan Cherkes, was an important Circassian noble of the second half of the 16th century in the Safavid Empire. BiographyFamilyShamkhal Sultan, alongside his sister Sultan-Agha Khanum, were from a prominent Circassian family from within the Safavid Empire. Sultan-Agha Khanum was married to king Tahmasp I, having one daughter known as Pari Khan Khanum, and a son known as Suleiman Mirza. CareerShamkhal Sultan appears prominently on the political scene during the same time as his niece, Pari Khan Khanum, who was born by his sister Sultan-Agha Khanum and king Tahmasp I. He participated actively in Pari Khan Khanum's political designs and acted for a time as her spokesman, and during their presence, the Safavid political sphere was dominated by ethnic Circassians, amongst the other factions that joined Shamkhal Sultan and his cousin. Sources{{refbegin|2}}- {{cite journal|last=Bierbrier|first=Morris|title=The Descendants of Theodora Comnena of Trebizond|journal=The Genealogist|year=1997|volume=11|issue=2|pages=235, 239–240|ref=harv}}
- {{cite book | title = Women in Iran from the Rise of Islam to 1800 | year = 2003 | publisher = University of Illinois Press | location = | editor-last = Nashat | editor-first = Guity | last = Beck | first = Lois | authorlink = | chapter = | pages = 147 | isbn = 0252071212 | url = https://books.google.nl/books?id=tLRem_ixfcEC&pg=PA147&dq=shamkhal+sultan+circassian&hl=nl&sa=X&ved=0CFAQ6AEwBWoVChMIl-2bpPSxyAIVBbYaCh1FvQBF#v=onepage&q=shamkhal%20sultan%20circassian&f=false |ref=harv}}
- {{cite book | title = Iran Under the Safavids | year = 2007 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = | editor-last = | editor-first = | last = Savory | first = Roger | authorlink = | chapter = | pages = 70–71 | isbn = 0521042518 | url = https://books.google.nl/books?id=v4Yr4foWFFgC&dq=shamkhal+sultan+safavid+executed&hl=nl&source=gbs_navlinks_s |ref=harv}}
- {{cite encyclopedia | article = PARIḴĀN ḴĀNOM | last = Parsadust | first = Manuchehr | authorlink = | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/parikan-kanom-1548-1578 | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica | pages = | location = | publisher = | year = 2009 | isbn = |ref=harv}}
- {{cite book | title = Safavid Iran: Rebirth of a Persian Empire | year = 2008 | publisher = I.B.Tauris | location = | editor-last = | editor-first = | last = Newman | first = Andrew J. | authorlink = | chapter = | pages = 1–281 | isbn = 9780857716613 | url = https://books.google.dk/books?id=KPgBAwAAQBAJ&dq=false|ref=harv}}
- {{cite book | title = Iran under the Safavids | year = 2007 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = | editor-last = | editor-first = | last = Savory | first = Roger | authorlink = Roger Savory | chapter = | pages = 1–288 | isbn = 0521042518 | url = https://books.google.dk/books?id=v4Yr4foWFFgC&dq=false |ref=harv}}
- {{cite book | title = The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Timurid and Safavid periods | year = 1986 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | editor-last = | editor-first =| last = Roemer | first = H.R. | authorlink = | chapter = The Safavid period | pages = 189–351 | isbn = 9780521200943 | url = https://books.google.dk/books?id=LZ0-2BIR8BQC&dq=The+Cambridge+History+of+Iran+safavid&hl=da&source=gbs_navlinks_s|ref=harv}}
{{refend|2}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sultan, Shamkhal}} 5 : 1588 deaths|Iranian people of Circassian descent|Circassian nobility|16th-century people of the Safavid Empire|Safavid governors of Shaki |