| 词条 | 1st Academy Awards | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| number = 1 | award = Academy Awards | image = 1stOscars 1929.jpg | caption = The first Academy Awards was at The Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. | date = {{Start date|1929|05|16}} | site = Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, U.S. | host = Douglas Fairbanks | best_picture = Wings[1] | most_wins = 7th Heaven and A Song of Two Humans (3) | most_nominations = 7th Heaven (5) | next = 2nd }} The 1st Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 1927 and 1928 and took place on May 16, 1929 at a private dinner held at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel in Los Angeles, California. AMPAS president Douglas Fairbanks hosted the show. Tickets cost $5 (which would be ${{Inflation|US|5|1929}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} considering inflation), 270 people attended the event and the presentation ceremony lasted 15 minutes. Awards were created by Louis B. Mayer, founder of Louis B. Mayer Pictures Corporation (at present merged into Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer). It is the only Academy Awards ceremony not to be broadcast either on radio or television. The radio broadcast was introduced the following year in 1930. During the ceremony, the AMPAS presented Academy Awards, now known as the Oscars in 12 categories. Winners were announced three months before the live event. Some nominations were announced without reference to a specific film, such as for Ralph Hammeras and Nugent Slaughter, who received nominations in the now defunct category of Engineering Effects.[2] Unlike later ceremonies, an actor could be awarded for multiple works within a calendar year for the same category. Emil Jannings, for example, was given the Best Actor award for his work in both The Way of All Flesh and The Last Command. Also, Charlie Chaplin and Warner Brothers each received an Honorary Award.[3][4] Major winners at the ceremony included 7th Heaven and Sunrise, which each received three awards, and Wings, receiving two awards. Among its honors, Sunrise won the award for Unique and Artistic Picture and Wings won the award for Outstanding Picture (now known as Best Picture). These two categories at the time were regarded equally as the top award of the night intended to honor different and important aspects of superior filmmaking. The next year, the Academy dropped the Unique and Artistic Picture award, and decided retroactively that the award won by Wings was the highest honor that could be awarded.[2] BackgroundIn 1927, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) was established by Louis B. Mayer, originator of Louis B. Mayer Pictures Corporation, which then would be joined into Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Mayer's purpose in creating the award was to unite the five branches of the film industry, including actors, directors, producers, technicians, and writers.[3] Mayer commented on the creation of the awards "I found that the best way to handle [filmmakers] was to hang medals all over them ... If I got them cups and awards, they'd kill them to produce what I wanted. That's why the Academy Award was created".[4] Mayer asked Cedric Gibbons, art director of MGM, to design an Academy Award trophy.[3][5] Nominees were notified through a telegram in February 1928.[3] In August 1928, Mayer contacted the Academy Central Board of Judges to decide winners.[3] However, according to the American director King Vidor, the voting for the Academy Award for Best Picture was in the hands of the AMPAS founders Douglas Fairbanks, Sid Grauman, Mayer, Mary Pickford, and Joseph Schenck.[6] CeremonyThe ceremony was held on May 16, 1929[7][3][4][16] at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, located in Los Angeles.[3] It consisted of a private dinner with 36 banquet tables,[18] where 270 people attended and tickets cost five dollars ({{Inflation|US|5|1929|r=2|fmt=eq}}).[8] Actors and actresses arrived at the hotel in luxury vehicles, where many fans attended to encourage celebrities.[9] The ceremony was not broadcast on radio or television,[8] and was hosted by AMPAS director Fairbanks[7][8][4][10] during a 15-minute event.[16] Winners and nomineesWinners were announced three months before the ceremony.[8][4][16] The recipients included: Emil Jannings, the inaugural first award recipient [8] for Best Actor (The Way of All Flesh and The Last Command);[11][12] Janet Gaynor for Best Actress (7th Heaven, Street Angel, and A Song of Two Humans); Frank Borzage for Best Director, Drama (7th Heaven); Lewis Milestone for Best Director, Comedy (Two Arabian Knights); and Wings for Best Picture (the most expensive film of its time).[7][2] Two presentations were made of a Special Award: Charlie Chaplin, a multiple nominee for one movie (Best Actor, Best Writer and Best Director, Comedy; all for The Circus) having been removed from the list so as to recognize his total contribution to the industry;[11] and Warner Brothers, an award for pioneering talking pictures (The Jazz Singer). Three categories were eliminated for subsequent presentations: Best Engineering Effects, Best Title Writing, and Best Unique and Artistic Quality of Production.[2] The larger film producers received the preponderance of awards: Fox Film Corporation, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Paramount Pictures, Radio-Keith-Orpheum, and Warner Bros..[3] AwardsWinners are listed first and indicated with double dagger {{double-dagger}}
Honorary Awards
Multiple nominations and awards{{Col-begin}}{{Col-1-of-2}}The following six films received multiple nominations:
The following three films received multiple awards:
Gallery{{Gallery|title=Academy Award winners {{ndash}} Gallery |width=165 |height=175 |lines=3 |Image:Wings poster.jpg|alt1=The theatrical poster of a movie. It focuses on two people. The man is wearing an aviator suit and the woman is wearing a blue jacket and red gloves.|Wings is the first film to win the Academy Award for Best Picture, which was at the time known as Outstanding Picture. Also won an award for the Best Engineering Effects[7] |File:Sunrise vintage.jpg|A Song of Two Humans won the Academy Award for Best Unique and Artistic Picture, the only year that such a prize was awarded. The prize was intended to honor prestige art films separately from "commercial fare".[13] |Image:Frank Borzage 001.JPG|Frank Borzage, Best Director, Dramatic Picture |Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-07770, Berlin, Rückkehr Emil Jannings aus Amerika.jpg|alt3=A photo on greyscale. On it features many people, including two women, and two men. | Emil Jannings, Best Actor |Image:Janet Gaynor Argentinean Magazine AD.jpg|alt4=The sepia-toned image of a smiling female. She is wearing a light-colored blouse.|Janet Gaynor, Best Actress |Image:Chaplin2.jpg|alt5=The black-and-white portrait of a young man. He is looking forward. He is wearing a black tux and a black bow tie.|Charlie Chaplin, Honorary Award |Image:Warner Bros 1920.jpg|alt6=First National Studios, Burbank, c. 1928. On it can be appreciate the first company buildings|Warner Brothers Production, Honorary Award. In top image First National Studios, Burbank, c. 1928. }} See also
References1. ^{{Cite web |url=https://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1929/memorable-moments/|title=The 1st Academy Awards Memorable Moments|work=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=The Official Academy Awards Database |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |url=http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearchInput.jsp |accessdate=February 18, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208011732/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearchInput.jsp |archivedate=February 8, 2009 |df= }} Reader must select "1927/28" in the "Award Year(s):" drop-down menu and press "Search". 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{harvnb|Cosgrave|2007|p=1}} 4. ^{{harvnb|Eyman|2005|p=117}} 5. ^{{harvnb|Eyman|2005|p=209}} 6. ^{{harvnb|Eyman|2005|p=138}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-academy-awards-ceremony |title=This day in History |publisher=History. A&E Television Networks |accessdate=October 5, 2010 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100307211648/http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-academy-awards-ceremony |archivedate=March 7, 2010 |df= }} 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/about/history.html |accessdate=May 6, 2010 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |title=History of the Academy Awards |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100408194217/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/about/history.html |archivedate=April 8, 2010 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }} 9. ^1 {{harvnb|Cosgrave|2007|p=4}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,927950,00.html |title=Names make news |periodical=Time |publisher=Time Inc. |accessdate=October 5, 2010 |date=May 27, 1929 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101027220628/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C927950%2C00.html |archivedate=October 27, 2010 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }} 11. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|title=1927–28 Academy Awards Winners and History |first=Tim |last=Dirks |website=Filmsite|publisher=Rainbow Media |url=http://www.filmsite.org/aa27.html |accessdate=May 6, 2010 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724204258/http://www.filmsite.org/aa27.html |archivedate=July 24, 2010 |df= }} 12. ^1 2 3 {{Cite document| title=The Story of the First Academy Awards | publisher=The MediaDrome. |first=Debra Ann |last=Pawlak| ref=harv | postscript={{inconsistent citations}} }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zYspVgLeX0UC&pg=PA69&q=%22Best+Unique+and+Artistic+Picture%22|title=Hollywood and the Culture Elite: How the Movies Became American|first=Peter|last=Decherney|date=August 14, 2012|publisher=Columbia University Press|via=Google Books}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|first= Bronwyn |title=Made for Each Other: Fashion and the Academy Awards |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7475-7630-3 |oclc=74523691 |edition=I |location=New York, United States |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |ref= harv |postscript=.
|first=Scott |title=Lion of Hollywood: the life and legend of Louis B. Mayer |year=2005 |isbn=0-7432-0481-6 |location=New York, United States |oclc=57506846 |edition=I |publisher=Simon & Schuster |ref=harv |postscript=.{{refend}}{{Academy Awards}}{{Academy Awards lists}}{{use mdy dates|date=April 2011}}{{use American English|date=February 2012}}{{featured list}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Academy Awards, 01}} 5 : Academy Awards ceremonies|1928 film awards|1929 in Los Angeles|1929 in American cinema|May 1929 events |
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