| 词条 | Alliance of Progressives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Alliance of Progressives |native_name = Alleanza dei Progressisti |logo = Alleanza dei Progressisti logo.png |logo_size = 150px |leader = Achille Occhetto |leader1_title = |leader1_name = |leader2_title = |leader2_name = |leader3_title = |leader3_name = |leader4_title = |leader4_name = |foundation = February 1994 |dissolution = March 1995 |successor = The Olive Tree |headquarters = |newspaper = |membership_year = |membership = |ideology = Progressivism Democratic socialism |position = {{nowrap|Centre-left[1][2] to left-wing[3][4]}} |coalition = |international = |european = |europarl = |website = |country = Italy |colorcode = {{Alliance of Progressive/meta/color}} }} The Alliance of Progressives ({{lang-it|Alleanza dei Progressisti}}), also known as simply the Progressives (Progressisti),[1][2] was a centre-left[3][4] to left-wing[2][5] political and electoral alliance of political parties in Italy formed in 1994. The leader of the alliance was Achille Occhetto.[6] HistoryThe Alliance suffered a huge defeat in the 1994 general election by the Pole of Freedoms/Pole of Good Government centre-right coalitions led by Silvio Berlusconi. For the 1995 regional election and 1996 general election the Alliance was succeeded by The Olive Tree coalition, which included the Italian People's Party (diminished by the split of the United Christian Democrats in 1995), Italian Renewal and Segni Pact, and excluding the Communist Refoundation Party,[4] which was an external ally and presented its candidates under the "Progressives" banner in single-seat constituencies in Central Italy. CompositionThe alliance was composed of:[4][7]
Election resultsItalian Parliament
References1. ^{{cite book|author=Roberto D'Alimonte|chapter=Italy: A Case of Fragmented Bipolarism|editor1=Michael Gallagher|editor2=Paul Mitchell|title=The Politics of Electoral Systems|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Igdj1P4vBwMC&pg=PA265|year=2005|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-153151-4|page=265}} {{Historical Italian political parties}}{{Italian Socialist Party}}{{Communist Refoundation Party}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Alliance Of Progressives}}2. ^1 2 {{cite book|editor1=Ram Mudambi|editor2=Pietro Navarra|editor3=Giuseppe Sobbrio|title=Rules, Choice and Strategy: The Political Economy of Italian Electoral Reform|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YG7A6LtPOf4C&pg=PA50|year=2001|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-78195-082-1|page=50}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Christina Holtz-Bacha|author2=Gianpietro Mazzoleni|title=The Politics of Representation: Election Campaigning and Proportional Representation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k18cQ-ytaT0C&pg=PA57|year=2004|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=978-0-8204-6148-9|page=57}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author=Stefan Köppl|title=Das politische System Italiens: Eine Einführung|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AkiT3uphn2cC&pg=PA98|year=2007|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-531-14068-1|page=98}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Daniela Giannetti|author2=Rose Mulé|chapter=The Democratici di Sinistra: In Search of a New Identity|editor1=Anna Bosco|editor2=Leonardo Morlino|title=Party Change in Southern Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IbHdAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA134|year=2007|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-76777-7|page=134}} 6. ^{{cite book|editor=Gino Moliterno|title=Encyclopedia of Contemporary Italian Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4wOGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA852|year= 2002|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-75877-7|page=852}} 7. ^{{cite book|author=Sona Nadenichek Golder|title=The Logic of Pre-electoral Coalition Formation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-s6MCClhGiQC&pg=PA160|year=2006|publisher=Ohio State University Press|isbn=978-0-8142-1029-1|page=160}} 4 : Political parties established in 1994|Defunct political party alliances in Italy|1994 establishments in Italy|History of the Communist Refoundation Party |
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