| 词条 | Sondra Marshak |
| 释义 |
| name = Sondra Marshak | birth_name = Sondra Hassan | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1942|6|15|df=yes}}[1] | language = English | nationality = American | residence = Torrance, California[1] | genre = Science Fiction | spouse = Alan Marshak[3] | children = Jerry Marshak[3] | relatives = {{Ubl|Albert Hassan (father)|Anna Tornheim (mother)}} | years_active = 1973—83 }} Sondra Hassan Marshak (born {{Date|15 Jun 1942}})[1] is an American science-fiction writer. She is most well known for her work with writing partner Myrna Culbreath, and for the fandom reference book Star Trek Lives! (1975), co-written with Jacqueline Lichtenberg, and television producer Joan Winston. She was an early promoter of Star Trek fan culture, and a publisher of fan fiction. Upon being introduced to Star Trek, she was struck by the "powerful relationship between Kirk and Spock and the focus on moral and philosophical issues."[6] Marshak is an avowed objectivist (a devotee of Ayn Rand), and she believes Star Trek advances objectivist ideals.[2] Early lifeMarshak was born to Albert Hassan and Anna Tornheim in 1942.[3] Little is known of her early life. In an interview for Voyages of Imagination (2006) by Jeff Ayers, Myrna Culbreath explained that Marshak had earned a master's degree in history, with "straight-A honors," prior to their meeting. And that Marshak had planned to enter a doctoral program.[4] She married LSU professor Alan Marshak, and had one son.[5] Fannish activityFollowing her introduction to Star Trek, Marshak was explored to the series' fandom via a growing network of fan-published magazines. She began writing fiction based on the series, and submitted it to fanzines, where she met Jacqueline Lichtenberg. Marshak's first fan-published work was Spock's Decision, originally written by Lichtenberg in 1971. The new edition contained extensive rewrites by Marshak, and was anthologized in the fanzines Beregaria #2 ({{Date|Jan 1974}})[6] and Kraith Collected #4 ({{Date|Jun 1974}}).[7] Her other writings, also with Lichtenberg, were set in the Kraith alternate Star Trek universe. During the mid-to-late 70's, Marshak was a regular guest of honor at science fiction conventions, often joined by her mother, whom she addressed as "Mama."[8][5] CareerThe first professional publication by Marshak was the reference work Star Trek Lives! (1975), co-written with Lichtenberg and Joan Winston. The ninth chapter, "Do-It-Yourself Star Trek," discussed structure of fan fiction. The book, and in particular the book's final chapter, inspired Francesca Coppa to call Marshak and her fellow authors the foremothers of "fanfiction scholarship" in The Fanfiction Reader (2017).[9] Marshak co-wrote six Star Trek tie-in books with her writing partner, Myrna Culbreath, in addition to the William Shatner biography Shatner: Where No Man… ({{Date|Dec 1979}}). In Voyages of Imagination, both Culbreath and Marshak described their writing partnership as "virtually a Vulcan mind-meld."[4] She also contributed trivia to The Star Trek Puzzle Manual (1976) by Jeff Razzi. In the author's notes for The Fate of the Phoenix (1979), several projects were listed as forthcoming. In addition to follow-ups to The New Voyages series, Marshak and Culbreath announced a fictional travel guide, Mr. Spock's Guide to the Planet Vulcan, a new novel co-written by Nichelle Nichols, Uhura!, and a non-Star Trek science fantasy novel co-written by William Shatner, The Power. None of the books were realized, nor published if completed.[10] Marshak has not published any new fiction since 1983, nor has she given any interviews since 2006. She was interviewed by the Orange County Business Journal in 2000 where she promoted Culbreath's PhonicsOpoly (1999) reading game.[11] Jacqueline Lichtenberg wrote a comment on a blog written by literary critic Steve Donoghue in 2012 concerning Marshak's lack of an online presence.[12] BibliographyNon-fiction
Editor
Fiction
Short fiction
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/marshak_sondra|title=Authors : Marshak, Sondra|last=|first=|date=4 Apr 2017|editor-last=Clute|editor-first=John|editor2-last=Lanford|editor2-first=David|website=The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-12-21}} 2. ^{{Cite book|title=Star Trek Lives!|last=Lichtenberg|first=Jacqueline|last2=Marshak|first2=Sondra|last3=Winston|first3=Joan|date=Oct 1975|publisher=Bantam Books|isbn=|volume=Y2151|location=New York|pages=|author-link=Jacqueline Lichtenberg|author-link2=Sondra Marshak}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KTZC-1BW|title=United States Public Records, 1970-2009|last=|first=|date=23 May 2014|website=FamilySearch|others=Sondra H Marshak, Residence, Beverly Hills, California, United States; a third party aggregator of publicly available information.|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-12-21|quote=|subscription=|registration=yes}} 4. ^1 2 {{Cite book|title=Voyages of Imagination: The Star Trek Fiction Companion|title-link=Voyages of Imagination|last=Ayers|first=Jeff|date=14 Nov 2006|publisher=Pocket Books|year=|isbn=1-4165-0349-8|location=New York|pages=11–12}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{Cite magazine|last=|first=|date=24 Jun 1977|title=Star Trekon '77|url=|magazine=Star Trekon '77|type=convention program|location=Kansas City, Missouri|doi=|pmid=|access-date=}} 6. ^{{Cite magazine|last=Lichtenberg|first=Jacqueline|author-link=Jacqueline Lichtenberg|last2=Marshak|first2=Sondra|author-link2=Sondra Marshak|date=Jun 1974|orig-year=1971|editor-last=Kirlin|editor-first=Vicki|editor2-last=Heim|editor2-first=Richard|title=Spock's Decision|url=|magazine=Berengaria|publisher=Quei-Starmerian Network|volume=2|page=3|doi=|pmid=|access-date=}} 7. ^{{Cite magazine|last=Lichtenberg|first=Jacqueline|author-link=Jacqueline Lichtenberg|last2=Marshak|first2=Sondra|author-link2=Sondra Marshak|date=Jun 1974|orig-year=1971|editor-last=Goldstein|editor-first=Deborah Kay|title=Spock's Decision|url=|magazine=Kraith Collected|volume=4|page=28|doi=|pmid=|access-date=}} 8. ^{{Cite magazine|last=|first=|date=30 Aug 1976|title=Welcome to Star Trekon '76|magazine=Star Trekon '76 (program book)|location=Kansas City, Missouri}} 9. ^{{Cite book|title=The Fanfiction Reader: Folktales for the Digital Age|last=Coppa|first=Francesca|date=2 Mar 2017|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=978-0-472-07348-1|location=|pages=17|chapter=Introduction: Five Things That Fan Fiction I, and One Thing It Isn't}} 10. ^{{Cite book|title=The Fate of the Phoenix|last=Marshak|first=Sondra|last2=Culbreath|first2=Myrna|date=Apr 1984|publisher=Bantam Books|year=|isbn=0-553-24638-0|location=New York|publication-date=May 1979|pages=|nopp=y|chapter=About the Authors|author-link=Sondra Marshak|author-link2=Myrna Culbreath}} 11. ^{{Cite news|url=|title=LearnByGames Hopes to Bring Phonics to Business|last=Cruz|first=Sherri|date=29 May 2000|work=Orange County Business Journal|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|page=10}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.openlettersmonthly.com/stevereads/2011/02/notes-for-a-star-trek-bibliography-the-end-of-an-era/#comment-1889511449|title=Notes for a Star Trek Bibliography: The End of an Era!|last=Lichtenberg|first=Jacquiline|date=17 Apr 2012|editor-last=Donoghue|editor-first=Steve|website=Stevereads (blog)|others=Disqus comment|publication-date=1 Feb 2011|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-12-21}} External links
6 : American science fiction writers|Science fiction fans|Star Trek fiction writers|Star Trek fanfiction writers|1942 births|Living people |
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