| 词条 | Soviet cruiser Admiral Fokin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Admiral Fokin ({{lang-ru|link=no|italic=yes|Адмирал Фокин}}) was the second ship of the Soviet Navy Project 58 Groznyy-class Guided Missile Cruisers ({{lang|ru|Ракетные крейсера проекта}}, RKR), also known as the Kynda Class. DesignDisplacing {{convert|4350|t}} standard and {{convert|5300|t}} full load, Admiral Fokin was {{convert|142.7|m|ft|abbr=on}} in length.[1] Power was provided by two {{convert|45000|hp|lk=in}} TV-12 steam turbines, fuelled by four KVN-95/64 boilers and driving two fixed pitch screws.[2] Design speed was {{convert|34|kn|km/h|0|lk=in}}.[3]The ship was designed for anti-ship warfare around two quadruple SM-70 P-35 launchers for sixteen 4K44 missiles (NATO reporting name SS-N-3 'Shaddock’).[4] To defend against aircraft, the ship was equipped with a single twin ZIF-102 M-1 Volna launcher with sixteen V-600 4K90 (SA-N-1 ‘Goa’) missiles forward and two twin {{convert|76|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} guns aft, backed up by two single {{convert|45|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} guns.[4] Defence against submarines was provided by two triple {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedoes and a pair of RBU-6000 {{convert|213|mm|in|0|abbr=on|adj=off}} anti-submarine rocket launchers.[1] In 1975, the missiles were updated and the main radar was upgraded to MR-310A, and two Uspekh-U radars were added in 1980.[4] ServiceLaunched 19 November 1961 with the name Steregushyy ({{lang-ru|стерегущий}} –vigilant), the vessel was renamed Vladivostok ({{lang-rus|Владивосто́к}} – ruler of the east) on 31 October 1962 and eventually received its definitive name of Admiral Fokin on 11 May 1964.[4] The vessel was named after Admiral Vitaliy Alekseyevich Fokin. Admiral Fokin sailed in 1965 from Severomorsk to Vladivostok to serve with the Pacific Fleet attached to the 175th Missile Ship Brigade.[5] During the 1960s, the vessel toured the Indian Ocean, visiting Mombasa, Kenya (26 November to 2 December 1968), Aden, South Yemen (2 to 7 January 1969), Al Hudaydah, North Yemen (9 to 12 January 1969), Mumbai, India (February 1969), Nairobi, Kenya (5 to 9 April 1969) and Port Louis, Mauritius (19 April to 23 April 1969). In February and March 1979, Admiral Fokin joined a large fleet of Soviet warships led by Sverdlov-class cruiser {{ship|Soviet cruiser|Admiral Senyavin||2}} that operated in the South China Sea in support of Vietnam during clashes along their border with China. The vessel continued to serve in the Indian Ocean in the 1980s, returning to South Yemen in May 1980.[5]Admiral Fokin was decommissioned on 30 June 1993 and scrapped in 1995. Pennant numbers
References1. ^1 {{cite book|last=Moore|first=John|year=1980|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1980-1981|publisher=Jane's|place=London|isbn=9780710607034}} {{Kynda-class cruiser}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Admiral Fokin}}2. ^{{cite web|last=Gogin|first=Ivan|date=2015|title=GROZNYY missile cruisers (project 58) (1962 - 1965)|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_groznyy.htm|accessdate=29 May 2017}} 3. ^{{cite book|first=Edward|last=Hampshire|title=Soviet Cold War Guided Missile Cruisers|publisher=Osprey Publishing|place=Oxford|year=2017|isbn=9781472817402|page=22}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://russianships.info/eng/warships/project_58.htm|title=Guided Missile Cruisers: Project 58 Grozny|website=Russian Ships|year=2016|accessdate=23 July 2017}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ww2.dk/new/navy/kynda.htm|title=Project 58 Kynda class|first=Michael|last=Holm|website=Soviet Armed Forces 1945–1991|accessdate=23 July 2017}} 3 : Ships built at Severnaya Verf|1961 ships|Kynda-class cruisers |
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