| 词条 | Soviet destroyer Boyky (1936) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Boyky was one of 29 {{sclass-|Gnevny|destroyer}}s (officially known as Project 7) built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Completed in 1939, she was assigned to the Black Sea Fleet. Design and descriptionHaving decided to build the large and expensive {{convert|40|kn|lk=in|adj=on}} {{sclass-|Leningrad|destroyer|0}} destroyer leaders, the Soviet Navy sought Italian assistance in designing smaller and cheaper destroyers. They licensed the plans for the {{sclass-|Folgore|destroyer|4}} and, in modifying it for their purposes, overloaded a design that was already somewhat marginally stable.[1] The Gnevnys had an overall length of {{convert|112.8|m|ftin|sp=us}}, a beam of {{convert|10.2|m|ftin|sp=us}}, and a draft of {{convert|4.8|m|ftin|sp=us}} at deep load. The ships were significantly overweight, almost {{convert|200|MT|LT|0|lk=on}} heavier than designed, displacing {{convert|1612|MT|LT}} at standard load and {{convert|2039|MT|LT}} at deep load. Their crew numbered 197 officers and sailors in peacetime and 236 in wartime.[2] The ships had a pair of geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller, rated to produce {{convert|48000|shp|lk=on}} using steam from three water-tube boilers which was intended to give them a maximum speed of {{convert|37|kn}}.[3] The designers had been conservative in rating the turbines and many, but not all, of the ships handily exceeded their designed speed during their sea trials. Others fell considerably short of it. Boyky reached {{convert|34|kn}} during trials in 1944. Variations in fuel oil capacity meant that the range of the Gnevnys varied between {{convert|1670|to|3145|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|19|kn}}. Boyky herself demonstrated a range of {{convert|1350|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|16|kn}}.[4] As built, the Gnevny-class ships mounted four {{convert|130|mm|in|adj=on|sp=us}} B-13 guns in two pairs of superfiring single mounts fore and aft of the superstructure. Anti-aircraft defense was provided by a pair of {{convert|76.2|mm|adj=on|sp=us|1}} 34-K AA guns in single mounts and a pair of {{convert|45|mm|adj=on|sp=us}} 21-K AA guns[5] as well as two {{convert|12.7|mm|adj=on|sp=us}} DK or DShK machine guns. They carried six {{cvt|533|mm|in}} torpedo tubes in two rotating triple mounts; each tube was provided with a reload. The ships could also carry a maximum of either 60 or 95 mines and 25 depth charges. They were fitted with a set of Mars hydrophones for anti-submarine work, although they were useless at speeds over {{convert|3|kn}}.[6] The ships were equipped with two K-1 paravanes intended to destroy mines and a pair of depth-charge throwers.[7] Construction and serviceBuilt in Nikolayev's Shipyard No. 198 (Andre Marti (South)) as yard number 321, Boyky was laid down on 17 April 1936. The ship was completed on 9 March 1939[8] and was commissioned into the Black Sea Fleet on 17 May.[9] Citations1. ^Yakubov & Worth, pp. 99, 102–103 2. ^Yakubov & Worth, p. 101 3. ^Budzbon, p. 330 4. ^Yakubov & Worth, pp. 101, 106–107 5. ^Hill, p. 40 6. ^Yakubov & Worth, pp. 101, 105–106 7. ^Berezhnoy, p. 335 8. ^Rohwer & Monakov, p. 233 9. ^Yakubov & Worth, p. 109 Sources
Further reading
3 : Gnevny-class destroyers|1936 ships|Ships built at the Black Sea Shipyard |
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