| 词条 | Spiranthes australis |
| 释义 |
| name = Austral ladies' tresses | image = Spiranthes australis.jpg | image_caption = | taxon = Spiranthes australis | authority = (R.Br.) Lindl.[1] | display_parents = 3 | synonyms_ref = [2] | synonyms =
}} Spiranthes australis, commonly known as austral ladies tresses, is a species of orchid endemic to eastern Australia. It has up to about ten leaves at the base of a flowering stem with up to sixty small pink and white flowers spirally arranged around it. DescriptionSpiranthes australis is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with between three and ten linear to lance-shaped or spatula-shaped dark green leaves which are {{convert|80-180|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|6-10|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. Between ten and sixty bright pink flowers are crowded and spirally arranged along a flowering spike {{convert|250-450|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} tall. The flowers are {{convert|4-5|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|3-4|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The dorsal sepal is lance-shaped to egg-shaped, {{convert|4-5|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|2.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The lateral sepals and petals are a similar size to the dorsal sepal but narrower. The labellum is white, has three obscure lobes and is about {{convert|6|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. The labellum has a grainy texture and its edges are crinkled. Flowering occurs from October to March or later but the flowers are self-pollinating.[1][2][3]Taxonomy and namingSpiranthes australis was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown and the description was published in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen.[4][5] The specific epithet (australis) is a Latin word meaning "southern".[6]The Index Kewensis lists this species as Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames[7] Distribution and habitatAustral ladies' tresses usually grows in boggy or swampy places but also in high-rainfall grassy places. It occurs from Queensland south through eastern New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and Victoria to Tasmania. It is sometimes also found in South Australia.[2] ConservationSpiranthes australis is common throughout most of its range but is classed as "Rare" in South Australia where it is only known from the Mount Compass area.[1][8]Use in horticultureThis orchid is relatively easy to grow in a well-drained, sandy potting mix. It sometimes occurs as a weed in commercial nurseries.[9] References1. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page =285}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Jeanes|first1=Jeff|title=Spiranthes australis|url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/d3b2098a-50dd-46cc-b70b-d030baed68a7|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria|accessdate=20 January 2018}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Bernhardt|first1=Peter|title=Spiranthes australia|url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Spiranthes~australis|publisher=Royal Botanic Garden Sydney|accessdate=20 January 2018}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=Spiranthes australis|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/495859 |publisher=APNI|accessdate=20 January 2018}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Robert|title=Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et insulae Van-Diemen|date=1810|location=London|page=319|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/21871#page/187/mode/1up|accessdate=20 January 2018}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page = 731}} 7. ^{{WCSP | 194209 | Spiranthes australis }} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Spiranthes australia|url=http://www.naturalresources.sa.gov.au/files/sharedassets/public/plants_and_animals/threatened_plants/pa-fact-spiranthesaustralis.pdf|publisher=Government of South Australia Department for Environment and Heritage|accessdate=20 January 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Spiranthes australis|url=http://conference2015.anpsa.org.au/s-sine.html|publisher=Australian Native Plants Society Australia|accessdate=20 January 2018}} External links
7 : Spiranthes|Flora of New South Wales|Flora of South Australia|Flora of Tasmania|Flora of Victoria (Australia)|Plants described in 1810|Endemic orchids of Australia |
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