| 词条 | SS Cathay (1924) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
ConstructionSS Cathay was ordered in 1923 and laid down the following year at the Barclay Curle & Company shipyard in Glasgow, Scotland. It was launched by Lady Inchcape (wife of P&O's Chairman) on 31 October 1924. The ship was completed and acquired after completing its sea trials on 12 March 1925. The ship made its maiden voyage from London to Sydney on 27 March 1925.[2]The ship was {{convert|166.7|m|ftin}} long, with a beam of {{convert|21.4|m|ftin}} and a depth of {{convert|9.2|m|ftin}}. It was assessed at {{GRT|15.225}}. It had 2 x 4 cyl. quadruple expansion engines driving double screw propellers and the engine was rated at 13.437 nhp. Its second funnel was a dummy.[3] Early careerAfter its maiden voyage in 1925, SS Cathay continued sailing for P&O on the Australian service route via the Suez Canal. In 1932 however, Bombay was added to its route. It also made an occasional run on the Far Eastern route.[4] On 14 December 1933 SS Cathay lost a screw while trying to make up time between Colombo and Fremantle. It had to wait for repairs in Sutherland Dock, Australia, and returned to service in March 1934.[4] World War IIOn 25 August 1939, SS Cathay was requisitioned by the Admiralty and converted at Bombay for service as an armed merchant cruiser. The second (dummy) funnel was removed and eight 6-inch and two 3-inch guns were fitted on the decks. The ship served on the Bombay–Durban patrol after its conversion in October 1939.[6] Sinking of SS Anselm{{ship|SS|Anselm}} was a troopship that was part of a convoy consisting of the survey vessel {{HMS|Challenger|1931|6}} and the Flower-class corvettes Lavender, Petunia and Starwort. On 5 July 1941 Anselm and its escorts were in the mid-Atlantic about 300 nautical miles (560 km) north of the Azores when a Luftwaffe Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor patrol spotted them and signaled the German Type VIIC submarine U-96 to attack the convoy. The submarine only managed to hit Anselm before fleeing from enemy fire.[6]Anselm sank in 22 minutes and 254 people died; the 1,061 survivors were either picked up by the other escort ships or by Anselms lifeboats until Cathay arrived to offer assistance. It took on 900 survivors to relieve Anselms overloaded escorts and brought the survivors to Freetown without further incident.[6]Refitting as troopshipOn 5 February 1942, Cathay was returned to P&O and refitted as a troopship by the Bethlehem Steel Corporation at Brooklyn; it entered service again on 30 April of the same year.[6] Operation Torch And sinkingSS Cathay was part of Operation Torch, which consisted of British and American troops invading French North Africa. It disembarked troops west of Algiers at the beginning of the operation on 8 November 1942.[5] While Cathay was returning to the port of Bougie, Algeria from Algiers on 11 November 1942, it was bombed by German aircraft at 1:30 pm. One person died as a result of the air raid, and the remaining crew tried to save the ship. The order to abandon ship was giving at 7:00 pm and all the remaining crew got off Cathay safely. Some of the survivors were picked up by the British Indian ship SS Karanja. At 10:00 pm a delayed action bomb exploded in the galley and started a serious fire that made the ship unreachable. The following day at 7:00 am, its ammunition exploded and blew off the stern. At 10:00 am, Cathay capsized on its starboard side and sank nearly 24 hours after being bombed.[6] GalleryFootnotes{{Commons category|Cathay (ship, 1925)}}1. ^{{harvnb|Losses of P. & O. Liners}} 2. ^{{cite web|url = http://passengersinhistory.sa.gov.au/file/27363|title = Cathay - 1924|publisher = passengersinhistory.sa.gov.au |accessdate = 6 July 2016|ref = harv}} 3. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?121686|title = SS Cathay [+1942]|publisher = wrecksite.eu|date = 25 February 2011|accessdate = 6 July 2016|ref = harv}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url = http://passengersinhistory.sa.gov.au/node/922515|title = Cathay|publisher = passengersinhistory.sa.gov.au|accessdate = 6 July 2016|ref = harv}} 5. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/pando.shtml|title = Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company / P&O Line|publisher = theshipslist.com|date = 3 December 2008|accessdate = 6 July 2016|ref = harv}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url = http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=4063|title = SS Cathay|publisher = clydesite.co.uk|accessdate = 6 July 2016|ref = harv}} References
|articlename = Losses Of P. & O. Liners |day_of_week = Thursday |date = 1 February 1945 |page_number = 2 |issue = 50056 |column = B |ref = {{harvid|Losses of P. & O. Liners}} }}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cathay (1924)}} 10 : 1924 ships|Passenger ships of the United Kingdom|Steamships of the United Kingdom|Ships built on the River Clyde|Ships sunk by German aircraft|Maritime incidents in November 1942|World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean|World War II merchant ships of the United Kingdom|Auxiliary cruisers of the Royal Navy|Troop ships of the United Kingdom |
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