“SS Clan Alpine (1899)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Clan Alpine was a steam ship built in 1899 by the William Doxford & Sons of Pallion. She was the second ship named Clan Alpine in service with the Clan Line used on their Oriental routes.

Design and Construction

In 1899 Clan Line sold their old steamer Clan Alpine, and placed an order with William Doxford & Sons of Pallion to build three ships for them (future Clan Alpine, Clan Farquhar and Clan Urquhart). The ship was launched on September 22, 1899^[3] (September 25, 1899 according to other source^[4]), with Miss Greta Doxford, daughter of William Theodore Doxford, being the sponsor. The vessel was commissioned in November of the same year.^[1] As built, the ship was {{convert|355|ft|0|in|m}} long (between perpendiculars) and {{convert|45|ft|6|in|m}} abeam, a mean draft of {{convert|24|ft|7|in|m}}.^[2] Clan Alpine was assessed at 3,587 GRT and {{NRT|2,285}}.^[2] The vessel had a steel hull, and a single 330 nhp triple-expansion steam engine, with cylinders of {{convert|25+1/2|in|cm|adj=on}}, {{convert|42|in|cm|adj=on}}, and {{convert|69|in|cm|adj=on}} diameter with a {{convert|48|in|cm|adj=on}} stroke, that drove a single screw propeller, and moved the ship at up to {{convert|12.0|kn|mph km/h}}.^[2]

Operational history

In early 1900s, the Clan Line operated two main routes between United Kingdom and her colonies in the East. The first one was a direct route from the home ports through the Strait of Gibraltar, Suez Canal and to the ports of India and Ceylon. The second one involved sailing down the western coast of Africa first to the ports of South African colonies, then onto the ports of Ceylon and India, and occasional trips to Australia.

Upon delivery, Clan Alpine proceeded to Middlesbrough and from there to Glasgow for loading, where she arrived on November 18, 1899. From there, the ship sailed to Liverpool and Manchester to load more cargo. She departed from Manchester to Bombay for her maiden journey on December 12, 1899,^[5], passing through Suez Canal on December 30, and arriving in Bombay on January 13, 1900.^[6] After calling at several Indian ports Clan Alpine left for England, passed through Suez Canal on February 13 and arrived in Dunkirk on March 3.^[7] After unloading the ship proceeded to England and arrived at Greenock on March 15.^[8] After a brief stop, the ship left Greenock on March 22, 1900, stopped to load cargo at Liverpool and departed from there for Cape Town on March 29.^[9]^[10] After calling at various South African ports the ship sailed to Ceylon via Mauritius and arrived at Galle on July 3.^[11] From Galle the ship continued on to India including Madras where she arrived on July 28. From India Clan Alpine departed for England via Colombo and arrived in London on September 8, 1900^[12] before continuing on to Glasgow which she reached on September 22.^[13] She soon departed for another trip, leaving from Liverpool for Calcutta on October 6, 1900.^[14]

On November 22, 1908 Clan Alpine departed Liverpool for South Africa.^[15] On December 11, 1908 it was announced that Clan Alpine was chartered to transport wheat from South Australia to England and Europe.^[16] The vessel arrived at Cape Town on December 19, 1908 from Liverpool,^[17] left it on December 23, calling at Mossel Bay and Port Elizabeth and arriving at East London on December 31, 1908.^[18] Clan Alpine departed from East London on January 2, 1909 and continued on to Australia. She arrived at Adelaide from East London in South Africa on January 23, 1909 and immediately continued on to Geelong^[19] arriving there three days later.^[20]

Sinking

On June 10, 1917 Clan Alpine was torpedoed and sunk 40 nautical miles of Muckle Flugga, Shetland Islands on a passage from Tyne to Archangel with a loss of 8 crew by German submarine SM U-60.

Notes

1. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://sunderlandships.com/view.php?ref=101099 |title=Wear Built Ships: Clan Alpine |accessdate=February 12, 2018}}
2. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite book |year=1906–1907 |title=Lloyd's Register, Steamships and Motorships |location=London |publisher= Lloyd's of London Press Ltd}}
3. ^¹Marine Engineer and Naval Architect, v. 21, p.367 (1899)
4. ^Engineer, p.361 (1899)
5. ^London Standard, December 14, 1899, p.8
6. ^London Standard, January 15, 1900, p.8
7. ^London Standard, March 5, 1900, p.8
8. ^London Standard, March 17, 1900, p.10
9. ^London Standard, March 24, 1900, p.9
10. ^London Standard, March 30, 1900, p.9
11. ^London Standard, July 5, 1900, p.10
12. ^London Standard, September 10, 1900, p.9
13. ^London Standard, September 25, 1900, p.11
14. ^London Standard, October 8, 1900, p.10
15. ^London Standard, November 24, 1908, p.3
16. ^Daily Commercial News & Shipping List, December 11, 1908, p.4
17. ^London Standard, December 23, 1908, p.3
18. ^London Standard, January 4, 1909, p.3
19. ^The Age, January 25, 1909, p.4
20. ^Geelong Advertiser, January 27, 1909, p.6