| 词条 | Big Bone Lick State Park |
| 释义 |
| name = Big Bone Lick State Park | photo = Bigbonelick.jpg | photo_width = 280 | photo_caption = | type = Kentucky state park | location = Boone County, Kentucky | nearest_city = Union, Kentucky | map = Kentucky | map_caption = Location in Kentucky | map_width = 280 | coords = {{coord|38|53|13|N|84|44|52|W|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area = {{convert|525|acre}} [1] | elevation = {{convert|469|ft}} [1] | created = 1960 [1][2] | operator = Kentucky Department of Parks | visitation_num = | status = | open = Year-round | embedded = {{Infobox NRHP | embed = yes | name = | built = | added = June 13, 1972 | refnum = 72001585 [3] }} {{designation list |embed=yes |designation1=NNL |designation1_date=2009}}}}Big Bone Lick State Park is located at Big Bone in Boone County, Kentucky. The name of the park comes from the Pleistocene megafauna fossils found there. Mammoths are believed to have been drawn to this location by a salt lick deposited around sulphur springs.[4] Other animals including forms of bison, caribou, deer, elk, horse, mastodon, moose, musk ox, peccary, sloth, and possibly tapir[5] also grazed the vegetation and salty earth around the springs that the animals relied on for their diet. The area near the springs was very soft and marshy causing many animals to become stuck with no way to escape.[6] It bills itself as "the birthplace of American paleontology", a term which dates from the 1807 expedition by William Clark undertaken at the direction of President Thomas Jefferson.[7] In Nicholas Cresswell's journal, dated 1774 to 1777, he records a visit in 1775 to what was then called "Elephant Bone Lick." In this account, Cresswell describes finding several bones of "prodigious size", as well as tusk fragments, and teeth—one weighing approximately 10 pounds. While he assumed the bones were from ancient elephants, the local native traditions claimed the bones to be those of white buffaloes that had been poisoned by the salty water.[8] In 2002, the National Park Service designated Big Bone Lick State Park as an official Lewis and Clark Heritage Trail Site.[9] The park was also listed in 1972 on the National Register of Historic Places and was further listed as a National Natural Landmark in February 2009. Activities and amenitiesThe visitors center (opened 2004) features indoor and outdoor exhibits of fossils, American art, and a 1,000 pound mastodon skull as well as a gift shop. The park features several nature trails, including a Discovery Trail that includes a boardwalk around a marsh bog diorama with recreations of a woolly mammoth, a mastodon, a ground sloth, bison, and scavengers feeding on carcasses and skeletal remains. The Discovery Trail winds through several habitats, including grassland, wetland and savanna, and is accessible to the physically challenged. A small bison herd is also maintained on-site. The park has picnicking facilities and a 62-site campground. References1. ^{{cite gnis|487084|Big Bone Lick State Park}} {{Commons category|Big Bone Lick}}2. ^{{cite book |editor=Kleber, John E. |others=Associate editors: Thomas D. Clark, Lowell H. Harrison, and James C. Klotter |title=The Kentucky Encyclopedia |year=1992 |publisher=The University Press of Kentucky |location=Lexington, Kentucky |isbn=0-8131-1772-0 |chapter=Big Bone Lick}} 3. ^{{NRISref|version=2010a}} 4. ^{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xs4LAJdUqlUC&lpg=PA135&dq=%22anderson%20ferry%22&pg=PA138#v=onepage&q=%22anderson%20ferry%22&f=false | title=Shifra Stein's Day Trips from Cincinnati: Getaways Less Than Two Hours Away | publisher=Globe Pequot | date=October 1, 2003 | accessdate=2013-04-25 | author=Hunter, David | pages=138}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.uky.edu/KGS/fossils/quatern.htm |title=Quaternary Period |work=Kentucky Geological Survey |publisher=University of Kentucky |accessdate=March 17, 2014}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://parks.ky.gov/parks/historicsites/big-bone-lick/history.aspx |title=History |work=Big Bone Lick State Historic Site |publisher=Kentucky Department of Parks |accessdate=March 17, 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CaoP8Yv_6ykC&lpg=PA84&dq=creation%20museum%20cincinnati&pg=PA86#v=onepage&q=creation%20museum%20cincinnati&f=false | title=And On the Sixth Day, God Created Paleontologists | work=Cincinnati Magazine | date=November 2009 | accessdate=2013-05-18 | author=Vaccariello, Linda | pages=86}} 8. ^MacVeagh, L. (1924) The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell 1774–1777, New York, p. 88. 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.kypost.com/2002/10/19/bone101902.html |title=Big Bone Lick: Books, awards and festival give pride of Boone County its due |author=David Wecker|work=The Kentucky Post |publisher=E. W. Scripps Company |date=2002-10-19 |accessdate=2007-02-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060511123942/http://www.kypost.com/2002/10/19/bone101902.html |archivedate=2006-05-11}} External links
14 : Parks on the National Register of Historic Places in Kentucky|Protected areas of Boone County, Kentucky|Paleontology in Kentucky|State parks of Kentucky|National Register of Historic Places in Boone County, Kentucky|Cenozoic paleontological sites of North America|Pleistocene paleontological sites|Protected areas established in 1960|Museums in Boone County, Kentucky|Natural history museums in Kentucky|National Natural Landmarks in Kentucky|Geography of Boone County, Kentucky|1960 establishments in Kentucky|Fossil parks in the United States |
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