“Stephen Spring Rice (1814–1865)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Stephen Edmund Spring Rice (31 August 1814 – 9 May 1865), styled The Honourable from 1839 until his death, was an Anglo-Irish civil servant and philanthropist. He served as the Secretary of the British Relief Association between 1847 and 1848.

Early life

Spring Rice was the eldest son of Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon and his first wife, Lady Theodosia Pery, daughter of Edmund Pery, 1st Earl of Limerick.^[1] He was born at Mount Trenchard House, and educated at Bury St Edmunds Grammar School, Suffolk and Trinity College, Cambridge. He was a Cambridge Apostle.^[2]

Career

From university, Spring Rice entered the Civil Service. He was appointed Commissioner of Customs in 1838 and Deputy Chairman of the Board of Customs in 1856.^[3] He served as High Sheriff of County Limerick in 1837.

On 1 January 1847 he attended the inaugural meeting of the British Relief Association, held at the home of his friend Baron Lionel de Rothschild. Spring Rice, whose family owned estates in Munster, had first-hand experience of the Great Irish Famine. As one of only two Irishmen on the Association's Committee, he was appointed its Honorary Secretary.^[4] Spring Rice donated £1,050 to the charity himself.

The first public donor to the Association was Queen Victoria, who sent a cheque for £1,000 to Spring Rice shortly after the charity's establishment. Spring Rice refused to accept the payment, and immediately wrote to Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey to complain that the donation was "not enough".^[5]^[6] This was communicated to the Palace, and the Queen's donation was doubled.^[7]

His letters show that he regularly clashed with Sir Charles Trevelyan, 1st Baronet about the nature and extent of the British Relief Association's activities, and his influence was pivotal in ensuring the charity's success. Spring Rice's frustration with the overly-bureaucratic approach regarding the giving of government relief was evident in a letter to Trevelyan dated 26 February, when he requested that the Association be allowed to make immediate use of food in government stores, offering instant payment in return.^[8]

On 15 March 1850 he was made Vice-President of Florence Nightingale's Establishment for Gentlewomen during Illness.^[9] Spring Rice was poet throughout his adult life and in 1863 he published in Dublin Irish Crime, A Letter to A. Beresford Hope, a proprietor of the Saturday Review.^[10]

Personal life

He married Ellen Mary Frere, daughter of William Frere, at Grundisburgh, Suffolk on 11 March 1839.^[11] Together they had ten children:

Spring Rice died on 9 May 1865 while returning from the Mediterranean on the steamship Tripoli. As he predeceased his father, the family title passed to Spring Rice's son, Thomas, upon the first Baron's death a year later. In 1870, all of Spring Rice's living children were granted the right to bear the title of the child of a baron.^[12]

Many of his letters are held by the National Library of Ireland, and provide an important insight into political and social activity surrounding the Great Irish Famine.

References

1. ^Christine Kinealy, [https://rfcb.revues.org/230 'The British Relief Association and the Great Famine in Ireland'], Revue Française de Civilisation Britanique, XIX-2 (2014), p.51 (Retrieved 11 March 2016).
2. ^W. C. Lubenow, The Cambridge Apostles, 1820–1914 (Cambridge University Press, 29 October 1998), p.97
3. ^Lucy Knox biographical details from Orlando, Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
4. ^Christine Kinealy, [https://rfcb.revues.org/230 'The British Relief Association and the Great Famine in Ireland'], Revue Française de Civilisation Britanique, XIX-2 (2014), p.51 (Retrieved 11 March 2016).
5. ^Enda Delaney, [https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/The_Great_Irish_Famine.html?id=OvuqngEACAAJ&redir_esc=y The Great Irish Famine – A History in Four Lives] (Gill & MacMillan, Limited, 2014)
6. ^Christine Kinealy, [https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/The_Great_Irish_Famine.html?id=rMSVQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y The Great Irish Famine: Impact, Ideology and Rebellion] (Palgrave Macmillan, 31 October 2001), p.71 (Retrieved 11 March 2016).
7. ^'Queen Victoria doubles Famine aid gift', The Irish Times (25 January 1997)
8. ^Christine Kinealy, [https://rfcb.revues.org/230 'The British Relief Association and the Great Famine in Ireland'], Revue Française de Civilisation Britanique, XIX-2 (2014), p.53 (Retrieved 11 March 2016).
9. ^Lynn McDonald, [https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Florence_Nightingale.html?id=1fseAQAAMAAJ Florence Nightingale: The Nightingale School] (Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press, 18 October 2011), p.61 (Retrieved 13 March 2016).
10. ^Lucy Knox biographical details from Orlando, Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
11. ^Edmund Burke, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FnYnrAvIWhQC&pg=RA1-PA293&lpg=RA1-PA293&dq=hon.+stephen+edmund+spring+rice&source=bl&ots=X-muiFTz3w&sig=uZ_sVzCn--RFK42rM8MxHVyX9co&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7g_nGprzLAhXkFZoKHUFlC8cQ6AEIUTAJ#v=onepage&q=hon.%20stephen%20edmund%20spring%20rice&f=false Annual Register, Volume 81] (1840) p.293 (Retrieved 13 March 2016).
12. ^{{London Gazette|issue=23634|date=15 July 1870|page=3389}}