| 释义 |
- References
This is a list of the etymology of street names in the London district of Mayfair, in the City of Westminster. It utilises the generally accepted boundaries of Mayfair viz. Marble Arch/Cumberland Gate and Oxford Street to the north, Regent Street to the east, Piccadilly to the south and Park Lane to the west. - Achilles Way – after the nearby Wellington as Achilles statue in Hyde Park{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p15}}
- Adam’s Row – believed to be after John Adams, local land agent in the 18th century[1]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p15-16}}
- Air Street – believed to be a corruption of ‘Ayres’, after Thomas Ayre, a local brewer and resident in the 17th century[2]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p18}}
- Albany and Albany Courtyard – after Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, who in 1791 purchased Melbourne House which stood on this site[2]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p18}}
- Albemarle Street – after the Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, owner of Clarendon House which stood on this site in the late 17th century[2]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p18-9}}
- Aldford Street – after Aldford, a property on the Grosvenor family's Cheshire estates; it was formerly known as Chapel Street before 1886, as it led to the Grosvenor Chapel[3]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p21}}
- Archibald Mews – unknown; it was formerly John Court, after local landowner John, Lord Berkeley{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p25}}
- Audley Square, North Audley Street and South Audley Street – after Mary Davies, heiress to Hugh Audley, who married Sir Thomas Grosvenor, thereby letting the local land fall into the Grosvenors' ownership[4]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p156}}
- Avery Row – after Henry Avery, 18th century bricklayer who built this street over the Tyburn Brook,[5] or possibly after Ebury, the ancient manor here{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p30}}
- Balderton Street – after local landowners the Grosvenors, who also owned land in Balderton, Cheshire; formerly George Street[6]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p157}}
- Balfour Mews and Balfour Place – after Eustace Balfour, surveyor for the Grosvenor estate 1890 – 1910[7]
- Barlow Place – after either Thomas Barlow, builder and surveyor for the Grosvenor estate in the early 18th century[8] or Arthur Balfour, politician and later Prime Minister in the early 20th century{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p32}}
- Berkeley Square and Berkeley Street – Berkeley House formerly stood here, home of John Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley of Stratton in the late 17th century[9]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p44-5}}
- Binney Street – after Reverend Thomas Binney, local 19th century minister; formerly called Bird Street[10][11]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p339}}
- Blenheim Street – after Blenheim Palace, owned by John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 17th – 18th century general[12]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p213}}
- Blackburne’s Mews – after William Blackburne, local resident in the early 18th century[13]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p49}}
- Bloomfield Place – John Newson, who built the adjacent Bloomfield Flats, named them for his wife’s maiden name[14]
- Bolton Street – after Charles Powlett, Duke of Bolton, who owned this land when the street was built in 1699[15]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p52}}
- Bourdon Place and Bourdon Street – after the former Bourdon House, home of the Bourdon/Burden family in the early 18th century[16]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p532}}
- Boyle Street – after Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington, local landowner in the 18th century[17]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p54}}
- Brick Street – this area was formerly a set of fields used for digging brick-earth[18]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p56}}
- Broadbent Street – after William Broadbent, physician to the royal family in the Victorian and Edwardian period, who lived nearby[19]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p58}}
- Brook Gate, Brook Street, Brook’s Mews and Upper Brook Street – Brook Street marks the path of the former Tyburn Brook[20]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p59}}
- Brown Hart Gardens – this was formerly two streets prior to 1936 – Brown Street, after 18th century local bricklayer John Brown, and Hart Street, probably after a local inn or resident[21]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p61}}
- Bruton Lane, Bruton Place and Bruton Street – after Bruton, Somerset, where John Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley of Stratton owned land[22]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p44-5}}
- Burlington Arcade, Burlington Gardens, New Burlington Mews, New Burlington Place, New Burlington Street and Old Burlington Street – after the local Burlington estate, property of the earls of Burlington[23]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p64-5}}
- Carlos Place – after Carlos I of Portugal; it was formerly Charles Street but was renamed in 1886 to avoid confusion with other streets of this name[24]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p73}}
- Carpenter Street
- Carrington Street – after 18th century local landowner Nathan Carrington[25]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p74}}
- Charles Street – after a Charles in the family of John Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley of Stratton[26]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p44-5}}
- Chesterfield Gardens, Chesterfield Hill and Chesterfield Street – after Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, who owned a mansion nearby in the 18th century[27]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p84}}
- Clarges Mews and Clarges Street – after William (or Thomas) Clarges, local landowner in the 17th century[28]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p89}}
- Clifford Street – after Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington]], also Baron Clifford, after his ancestor Elizabeth Clifford[29]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p91}}
- Coach and Horses Yard – after the Burlington Arms pub here, formerly the Coach and Horses[30]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p92-3}}
- Conduit Street – after a former water conduit here leading to the City and owned by the Corporation of London from the 15th century[31]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p96}}
- Cork Street and Cork Street Mews – after Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington]], also 4th Earl of Cork[32]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p98}}
- Culross Street – thought to be after Culross in Fife; prior to 1899 it was Northrop Street, after a Welsh property owned by the Grosvenor family[33]
- Cumberland Gate – after Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, brother of George III; it was formerly Tyburn Gate, after the Tyburn Brook[33]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p150}}
- Curzon Gate, Curzon Square and Curzon Street – after Nathaniel Curzon (and his family), local landowner in the 18th century[34]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p107}}
- Davies Mews and Davies Street – after Mary Davies, heiress to Hugh Audley, who married Sir Thomas Grosvenor, thereby letting the local land fall into the Grosvenors' ownership[35]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p109}}
- Deanery Mews and Deanery Street – this land was owned by Westminster Abbey in the 18th century; it was formerly known as Dean and Chapter Street[35]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p110}}
- Derby Street – after Derbyshire, home county of local landowners the Curzon family[36]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p107}}
- Dering Street and Dering Yard – unknown{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p111}}
- Down Street and Down Street Mews – after John Downes, local bricklayer in the 18th century[37]{{sfn|Bebbington|172|p113}}
- Dover Street and Dover Yard – after Henry Jermyn, 1st Baron Dover, local leaseholder in the late 17th century[37]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p113}}
- Duke Street and Duke Yard – it is unknown precisely which duke, if any, this street commemorates{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p116}}
- Dunraven Street – after Windham Thomas Wyndham-Quin, 4th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl, politician and soldier who lived near here[38]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p117}}
- Farm Street – this street was formerly part of Hay Hill farm[39]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p128}}
- Fitzmaurice Place – after John FitzMaurice, father of William Petty, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne who lived near here in the 18th century[40]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p132}}
- George Yard – probably after John George, local 18th century glazier and builder[41]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p141}}
- Gilbert Street – unknown; formerly James Street[11]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p142}}
- Globe Yard
- Grafton Street – after the Dukes of Grafton, who owned a town house near here in the 18th century[42]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p147}}
- Grantham Place – after John (or Thomas) Grantham, local builder in the 18th century[43]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p148}}
- Green Street – after John Green, local builder of the 18th century[44]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p154}}
- Grosvenor Gate, Grosvenor Hill, Grosvenor Square, Grosvenor Street and Upper Grosvenor Street – after the Grosvenors, former local landowners{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p156}}
- Half Moon Street – after a former inn near here of this name[45]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p159}}
- Hamilton Mews and Hamilton Place – built on land belonging to Mr Hamilton, ranger of Hyde Park during the reign King Charles II[46]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p160}}
- Hanover Square and Hanover Street – after the House of Hanover, reigning dynasty when the square and street were built in 1713[47]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p161-2}}
- Harewood Place – after Ahrwood House, residence of the Earls of Harewood in the 19th century{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p163}}
- Haunch of Venison Yard – after a former 18th century inn near here[48]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p168}}
- Hay Hill, Hay’s Mews and Hill Street – after the Hay Hill farm which formerly stood here; the farm was originally ‘Aye farm’, after the nearby Aye Brook[49]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p168}}
- Heddon Street – after William Pulteney (later also Baron Heddon), local 18th century landowner[50]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p151}}
- Hertford Street – after a former local inn named after the Seymours, Marquesses of Hertford[51]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p172}}
- Jervis Court
- Jones Street – after William Jones, yeoman, who leased a large plot here in 1723[52]
- Lancashire Court
- Lansdowne Row – former site of Lansdowne House, home of William Petty, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne in the 18th century[40]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p196}}
- Lees Place – after either Robert Lee (or Lees), owner of the Two Chairman pub which formerly stood here[53] or one Thomas Barrett of Lee, Kent, 19th century builder{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p198}}
- Lumley Street – after Sibell Lumley, wife of Victor, Earl Grosvenor, local landowner[54]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p207}}
- Lynsey Way
- Maddox Street – after the local Maddox estate, purchased by William Maddox in the 1620s[55]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p209}}
- Marble Arch – after the Marble Arch erected here in 1851{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p212}}
- Market Mews – after the former Shepherd Market near here{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p299-300}}
- Mason’s Arms Mews – after the nearby Mason's Arms pub{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p216}}
- Mayfair Place – after the May Fair that was formerly held here in the 17th – 18th centuries{{sfn|Bebbington|19723|p217}}
- Mill Street – after a windmill that formerly stood here next to the Tyburn brook[56]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p220}}
- Mount Row, Mount Street and Mount Street Mews – built over the former Mount Field, from the former Oliver’s Mount fortification built here by Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War[57]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p226}}
- New Bond Street, Old Bond Street and Upper Bond Street – after Thomas Bond, member of the consortium that developed the local area in the late 17th century; ‘New’ comes from the extension of the then ‘Bond Street’ northwards in the early 18th century[23]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p238-9}}
- North Row – after its location as the northern-most street on the Grosvenor estate[58]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p235}}
- Oxford Circus and Oxford Street – after Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer who owned much of the local estate; prior to this it was known as Tyburn Road, as it led to the Tyburn gibbet at what is now Marble Arch. Circus is a British term for a road junction; it was formerly Regent Circus, after Regent Street[59]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p245}}
- Park Lane, Old Park Lane and Park Street – after the nearby Hyde Park; Park Lane was formerly Tyburn Lane, after the Tyburn gibbet and stream, and Park Street was formerly Hyde Park Street[60]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p248}}
- Piccadilly, Piccadilly Circus and Piccadilly Place – after Piccadilly Hall, home of local tailor Robert Baker in the 17th century, believed to be named after the pickadils (collars/hem trimmings) which made his fortune. Circus is a British term for a road junction; it was laid out by John Nash in 1819[61]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p255-6}}
- Pitt’s Head Mews – after a former pub on this site called the Pitt’s Head, thought to be name after William Pitt the Elder[62]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p258}}
- Pollen Street – after the Pollen family, who inherited the estate from the Maddox family[63]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p209}}
- Princes Street – named in a generic sense in honour of the then reigning House of Hanover[64]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p161-2}}
- Providence Court – unknown{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p266}}
- Queen Street – when it was built in 1735 there was no reigning queen, so to which queen it refers, if any, is unknown[65]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p267}}
- Red Lion Yard
- Red Place – coined in Victorian times after the colour of the local buildings[66]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p272}}
- Reeves Mews – after Spelsant Reeves, local leaseholder in the 18th century[66]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p273}}
- Regent Street – made in the 1810s by John Nash and named after the Prince Regent, later George IV[66]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p274}}
- Rex Place – formerly King’s Mews, it was renamed after the Latin term for ‘king’[67]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p2756}}
- Royal Arcade – after Queen Victoria, who visited this arcade[68]
- Sackville Street – after Captain Edward Sackville, tenant of a house on the west side of the street in 1675; it was formerly known as Stone Conduit Close[69]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p282}}
- Saddle Yard
- St Anselm’s Place – former site of St Anselm’s church, demolished 1938[70]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p283}}
- St George Street – originally George Street, after George I, reigning monarch when the street was built; the ‘St’ was later added to link it to the nearby St George’s church[71]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p286}}
- Savile Row – after Dorothy Savile, Countess of Burlington and Countess of Cork, wife of Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington, local landowner[72][73]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p295}}
- Sedley Place – named after Angelo Sedley, local 19th century furniture salesman[74]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p297}}
- Shepherd Close, Shepherd Market, Shepherd Place and Shepherd Street – after Edward Shepherd, local builder in the 18th century; Shepherd Place was built by his brother John Shepherd[75]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p299-300}}
- South Molton Lane and South Molton Street – unknown; South Molton Lane was formerly Poverty Lane{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p305}}
- South Street – after its location as the southern-most street on the Grosvenor estate{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p305}}
- Stafford Street – after Margaret Stafford, local leaseholder in the late 17th century[76]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p309}}
- Stanhope Gate and Stanhope Row – after Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, who owned a mansion nearby in the 18th century[77]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p84}}
- Stratton Street – after John Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley of Stratton, local resident in the late 17th century[78]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p44-5}}
- Swallow Passage, Swallow Place and Swallow Street – after a field on this site owned by Thomas Swallow in the 1530s[79]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p316}}
- Tenterden Street – unknown{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p320}}
- Three Kings Yard – after a nearby inn, demolished 1879[80]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p321}}
- Tilney Street – after either John Tilney (or Tylney), who was granted this land in the 18th century[81] or Ann Tilney, 18th century property owner; it was formerly Tripe Yard, after the butchery trade here{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p322}}
- Trebeck Street – after Reverend Trebeck, former rector of St George’s on Hanover Square in the 18th century[81]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p326}}
- Tyburn Way – formerly the site of the Tyburn gallows, itself named after a deserted hamlet called Tiburne in the Domesday Book, meaning ‘boundary stream’[82]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p328}}
- Union Yard
- Vigo Street – after either the British victory at the Battle of Vigo Bay in 1702[83][84][85] or the capture of a Spanish vessel of this name in 1719{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p332}}
- Vine Street – after The Vine, an 18th-century public house,[86] which in turn may have been named after a vineyard that existed at this location in Roman times{{sfn|Moore|2003|p=147}}
- Waverton Street – after Waverton, Cheshire, where local landowners the Grosvenors also held land[87]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p157}}
- Weighhouse Street – after the King’s Weigh House Chapel, which moved here its site above the King’s Weight House in the City in 1891; before this it was known as Robert Street, after Robert Grosvenor, 1st Marquess of Westminster, and before that as Chandler Street after the local chandler trade[87]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p339}}
- White Horse Street – after a former inn of this name at this site, named for the Royal emblem of the House of Hanover[88]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p344-5}}
- Wood's Mews – after Richard Wood, who built this street in 1731[12]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p350}}
- Woodstock Street – after either Woodstock, Oxfordshire, location of to Blenheim Palace, home of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 17th – 18th century general[12] or Thomas Woodstock, 18th century builder{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p350}}
- Yarmouth Place – after Francis Charles Seymour-Conway, 3rd Marquess of Hertford, Earl of Yarmouth who lived near here in the 19th century[89]{{sfn|Bebbington|1972|p352}}
References1. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p2
2. ^1 2 Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p4
3. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p6
4. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p228
5. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p16
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7. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p19
8. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p20
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10. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p31
11. ^1 {{cite web|title= British History Online – The Development of the Estate 1720-1785: Conclusion|url= https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol39/pt1/pp30-33|accessdate= 11 October 2017}}
12. ^1 2 Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p347
13. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p32
14. ^{{cite web|title= British History Online – Bourdon Street and Grosvenor Hill Area |url= https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol40/pt2/pp57-63|accessdate= 11 October 2017}}
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77. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p303
78. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p306
79. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p309
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81. ^1 Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p316
82. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p322
83. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p328
84. ^{{cite book|author1=Hibbert, Christopher; Ben Weinreb; John Keay; Julia Keay.|title=The London encyclopaedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xa0D0PqiwfEC&pg=PA976|date=2010|publisher=London: Pan Macmillan|isbn=978-0-230-73878-2|pages=976}}
85. ^{{cite book|author=Wittich, John.|title=Discovering London street names|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7KT9GCqldtEC&pg=PA127|year=1996|publisher=3rd edition. Princes Risborough: Shire Publications|isbn=978-0-7478-0309-6|pages=127}}
86. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.todaysconveyancer.co.uk/partner-news/vine-street-200/15064|title=Vine Street|publisher=Conveyancing Data Services|date=24 March 2015|accessdate=15 April 2015}}
87. ^1 Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p335
88. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p340-41
89. ^Fairfield, S. The Streets of London – A dictionary of the names and their origins, p349
Sources{{refbegin}}- {{cite book|last=Bebbington|first=Gillian|title=London Street Names|publisher=BT Batsford|year=1972|isbn=978-0-333-28649-4|ref=harv}}
- {{cite book|last=Fairfield|first=Sheila|title=The Streets Of London: A Dictionary Of The Names And Their Origins|publisher=Papermac|year=1983|ref=harv}}{{cite book|last=Moore|first=Tim|title=Do Not Pass Go|publisher=Vintage|year=2003|isbn=978-0-099-43386-6|ref=harv}}
{{refend}}{{Street name etymologies of London}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Street names of Mayfair}} 6 : Streets in the City of Westminster|Lists of United Kingdom placename etymology|Street names of London|Mayfair|City of Westminster|England geography-related lists |