| 词条 | Sudisman |
| 释义 |
| name = Sudisman | image = Sudisman trial.jpg | alt = | caption = | birth_date = 1920 | birth_place = | death_date = October 1968 | death_place = | nationality = Indonesian | other_names = | occupation = General secretary of the Communist Party of Indonesia[1] | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }}{{Quote box| align = right| width = 25em|quote=We live in order to struggle, and we struggle in order to live. We live not just for the sake of life alone; we live to defend that life with courage till our hearts cease to beat. From the moment that a human being is born, from his first whimper as a baby to his last breath, life is a struggle. Sometimes he will face a struggle that is very difficult, sometimes he will face a hard-fought battle. Not every such contest is crowned with victory. But the aim of life is to have the courage to enter this hard-fought battle and at the same time win the victory. This is the dream of everyone who struggles, not excluding the communists. This too is my dream of life. For without dreams, without ideals, life is barren and empty.| salign = right |author = Sudisman[1] }}Sudisman (1920{{citation needed|date=May 2016}} – October 1968[3]) was a general secretary of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) and the only PKI leader to be put on trial following the 30 September Movement in 1965. He was sentenced to death and executed.[2][3][1] He was the fourth highest-ranking member of the Communist Party of Indonesia's Politburo, and was the only one of the five senior leaders of PKI to be tried.[3][4][1] All but one of the ten PKI politburo members were killed.[4] Sudisman tried to reorganize the PKI into an underground movement after other senior leaders were captured and summarily executed. He acted as the leader of the PKI for a short time before his arrest. He was finally arrested in December 1966.[4] TrialSudisman was the highest ranking PKI politburo member to appear before the Mahmillub (Mahkamah Militer Luar Biasa, the Extraordinary Military Tribunal),[12] as the other members had been killed. Sudisman's trial was held in July 1967.[4] Testimonies of Sudisman and other PKI leaders greatly strengthened the case against them in the trial. They more or less admitted their own involvement in a coup attempt. However, they claimed that the 30 September Movement was justified as there had really been a so-called "Council of Generals" that had plotted against Sukarno to take power after his death, or to depose him. They denied accusations and interpretations that the PKI had been the sole organizer of the coup attempt.[5] Army's and prosecution's version of the events are highly unlikely, and the first initiative for the coup attempt may have come from dissatisfied army officers, despite the PKI leadership's involvement.[5] Sudisman's testimonies gave a plausible explanation that PKI as an organization had not been involved with the coup attempt, and Dipa Nusantara Aidit had been the person who had acted on his own initiative and plotted with the officers.[6][5] Suharto managed to use Aidit's actions as an justification for the Indonesian killings of 1965–66. The resulting elimination of the PKI from Indonesian politics achieved goals of right-wing officers and Muslim extremists who were backed by the United States.[6] Sudisman was executed in October 1968.[4] See also{{Portal|Indonesia|Communism}}
References1. ^{{cite book|author=Benedict R. O'G Anderson|title=Language and Power: Exploring Political Cultures in Indonesia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=05cZ6dxZYLcC&pg=PA269|date=January 2006|publisher=Equinox Publishing|isbn=978-979-3780-40-5|page=269}} 2. ^{{citeweb|url=https://www.marxists.org/glossary/people/s/u.htm|title=MIA: Encyclopedia of Marxism: Glossary of People: Su|website=Marxists Internet Archive|access-date=9 May 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|author=Helen-Louise Hunter|title=Sukarno and the Indonesian Coup: The Untold Story|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=33uXIgopoUEC&pg=PA146|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-275-97438-1|page=49}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|author=Guy J. Pauker|url=https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_memoranda/2007/RM5753.pdf|title=The Rise and Fall of the Communist Party of Indonesia|format=pdf|publisher=RAND Corporation|date=February 1969|id=Memorandum RM-5753-PR}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|author=Harold Crouch|url=http://www.sukarnoyears.com/books/Indonesian%20Coup.pdf|format=pdf|title=Another Look at the Indonesian 'Coup'|website=sukarnoyears.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102030559/http://www.sukarnoyears.com/books/Indonesian%20Coup.pdf|archive-date=2 November 2013}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2016/march/1456750800/robert-manne-and-mark-aarons/rivers-ran-red|title=Rivers ran red|author1=Robert Manne|author2=Mark Aarons|date=1 March 2016|website=The Monthly}} External links
5 : 1920 births|1968 deaths|Indonesian communists|Communist Party of Indonesia politicians|20th-century executions by Indonesia |
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