| 词条 | Suárez River | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Suárez River | name_native = Río Suárez | name_native_lang = es | name_other = Guane: Saravita | name_etymology = Gonzalo Suárez Rendón | image = RioSuarez.jpg | image_size = 269px | image_caption = Suárez River close to Barbosa | image_alt = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | map_alt = | pushpin_map = Colombia | pushpin_map_caption= Location of the Suárez River in Colombia | source1_coordinates= {{coord|5|29|11.9|N|73|46|07.8|W|display=inline,title}} | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|6|46|06.7|N|73|11|54.9|W|display=inline}} | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = {{COL}} | subdivision_type2 = Department | subdivision_name2 = Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Santander | subdivision_type3 = Provinces | subdivision_name3 = Ubaté, Western Boyacá, Ricaurte, Vélez, Comunera, Guanentá | subdivision_type4 = Municipalities | subdivision_name4 = Fúquene, San Miguel de Sema, Chiquinquirá, Saboyá, Puente Nacional, Barbosa, Moniquirá, Güepsa, San José de Pare, Santana, San Benito, Suaita, El Guacamayo, Guadalupe, Contratación, Chima, Guapotá, Palmas del Socorro, Socorro, Simacota, San Gil, Palmar, Cabrera, Barichara, Galán, Zapatoca, Villanueva | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = | source1 = Lake Fúquene | source1_location = Fúquene | source1_elevation = {{convert|2537.72|m|ft|abbr=on}}[1] | mouth = Sogamoso River | mouth_location = Villanueva | mouth_elevation = {{convert|700|m|ft|abbr=on}}[2] | progression = | river_system = Sogamoso River Magdalena Basin Caribbean Sea | basin_size = {{convert|98230|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}[2] | basin_landmarks = | basin_population = | tributaries_left = Susa, Simijaca, Chiquinquirá | tributaries_right = Lenguazaque, Q. Aguaclara, Moniquirá, Ubasa, Fonce | waterbodies = Lake Fúquene | waterfalls = | bridges = | ports = | length = {{convert|172|km|mi|abbr=on}}[2] | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= Saboyá[5] | discharge1_min = {{convert|1|m3/s|abbr=on}}[5] | discharge1_avg = {{convert|8|m3/s|abbr=on}}[5] | discharge1_max = {{convert|12|m3/s|abbr=on}}[5] | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} The Suárez River, originally Saravita, is a river in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The river originates in Lake Fúquene on the border of Cundinamarca and Boyacá and its mouth is the confluence with the Chicamocha River, forming the Sogamoso River in Santander. It is part of the Magdalena Basin flowing towards the Caribbean Sea. The {{convert|172|km|mi}} long river is one of the longest on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and forms the natural borders of Cundinamarca and Boyacá and Boyacá and Santander in its upstream and downstream part respectively. The river formed the trajectory for the Spanish conquest of the Muisca, when the conquistadors went uphill into the Andes from the tropical lowlands of Barrancabermeja in the north. The difference in altitude along the river course, from {{convert|2538|m|ft}} at the source to {{convert|700|m|ft}} at its mouth, in its {{convert|98230|km2|sqmi}} large basin causes climatic variations, especially with respect to precipitation. The frequent floodings of the river have given the Suárez River its name; conquistador Gonzalo Suárez Rendón tried to cross the river in one of his conquest expeditions, but the sudden flooding made his horse drown in the Suárez River. EtymologyThe Suárez River is named after conquistador Gonzalo Suárez Rendón, after his horse drowned in the river when it experienced sudden flooding.[2] The original name in Chibcha, given by the Guane was Saravita, meaning "departs from here".[3] DescriptionThe Suárez River is {{convert|172|km|mi}} long and its drainage basin extends over {{convert|98230|km2|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|34825.6|km2|sqmi}} in Santander. It is sourced by Lake Fúquene in Boyacá at an altitude of {{convert|2540|m|ft}} and forms together with the Chicamocha River the Sogamoso River in Santander at an altitude of {{convert|700|m|ft}}.[4] The river starts on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense where it forms the boundary between Cundinamarca and Boyacá and for a major part of its course downstream it is the natural boundary between Boyacá and Santander. The Suárez River is the only outlet of Lake Fúquene.[5] In Chiquinquirá, it meets the Chiquinquirá River, and in Puente Nacional Quebrada Aguaclara. In Barbosa, the Suárez River meets the Moniquirá River and in Moniquirá the Ubasa River. West of San Gil, the Fonce River flows into the Suárez River and in Villanueva the Chicamocha River and the Suárez River form the Sogamoso River together.
ClimateOther headwaters are the Lenguazaque River, Ráquira River, Ubaté River, Susa River, Simijaca River and Cucunubá.[6] Nearby Lake Suesca has an endorheic basin, not flowing out to the Suárez River.[7] Around Saboyá, the climate is very wet, with more than {{convert|2400|mm|in}} of rain per year, while its source, Lake Fúquene only receives {{convert|1000|mm|in}} per year.[8] The discharge registered in Saboyá varies between {{convert|1|and|12|m3/s}} with maximum values in May and minimum values in January.[9] VegetationIn Saboyá, various flora surrounding the Suárez River have been registered, among others Inga sp., Croton funckianus, Mircyanthes sp., Gynerium saggitattum, tropical smoke bush (Euphorbia cotinifolia), castorbeans (Ricinus communis), Alchornea sp., Colombian oaks (Quercus humboldtii), Eucalyptus globulus and Cupressus sp., Pinus sp. and Acacia sp.[10] History{{main|Spanish conquest of the Muisca}}The Suárez River is of importance in the history of Colombia, as it formed the fluvial artery that the conquistadors followed after they left the tropical lowlands of La Tora, present-day Barrancabermeja, uphill towards the Muisca Confederation. The Spanish conquerors followed the course of the Suárez river on the left bank until reaching Lake Fúquene.[11] When Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada and his greatly reduced troops arrived at the lake, the lake levels were estimated to have been {{convert|10|to|15|m|ft}} higher than in 1950.[12] Tourism
Image gallery== See also == {{portal|Colombia|Geography}}
References1. ^CAR, 2006, p.80 2. ^{{es}} Río Suárez foco de infección - El Tiempo 3. ^Pita Pico, 2013, p.310 4. ^1 2 3 4 Sanabria & Salas, 2011 5. ^CAR, 2006, p.15 6. ^CAR, 2006, p.11 7. ^CAR, 2006, p.17 8. ^CAR, 2006, p.34 9. ^1 2 3 4 CAR, 2006, p.56 10. ^CAR, 2006, p.122 11. ^{{es icon}} Conquista rápida y saqueo cuantioso de Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada 12. ^Cabrera Ortiz, 1957, p.3 13. ^{{es}} Rafting Río Suárez en San Gil Bibliography
5 : Rivers of Colombia|Geography of Cundinamarca Department|Geography of Boyacá Department|Geography of Santander Department|Altiplano Cundiboyacense |
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