Prior to the competition, the existing world and Universiade records were as follows.
{{Universiade RecordThe following new records were set during this competition.
The heats were held on 20 August at 11:01.[2]
| Rank | Heat | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes | | 1 | 10 | 4 | Andriy Hovorov | {{flagIOC2|UKR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.52 | Q |
| 2 | 9 | 3 | Shunichi Nakao | {{flagIOC2|JPN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.74 | Q |
| 3 | 8 | 4 | Guilherme Rosolen | {{flagIOC2|BRA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.76 | Q |
| 4 | 8 | 2 | Aleksandr Sadovnikov | {{flagIOC2|RUS|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.79 | Q |
| 4 | 9 | 4 | Henrique Martins | {{flagIOC2|BRA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.79 | Q |
| 6 | 10 | 3 | Andrey Zhilkin | {{flagIOC2|RUS|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.86 | Q |
| 7 | 10 | 5 | Andrii Khloptsov | {{flagIOC2|UKR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.87 | Q |
| 8 | 9 | 5 | Yahor Dodaleu | {{flagIOC2|BLR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.96 | Q |
| 9 | 8 | 5 | Konrad Czerniak | {{flagIOC2|POL|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 23.97 | Q |
| 10 | 9 | 2 | Marcus Schlesinger | {{flagIOC2|ISR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.05 | Q |
| 11 | 8 | 3 | Brayden Mccarthy | {{flagIOC2|AUS|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.08 | Q |
| 12 | 7 | 1 | Nao Horomura | {{flagIOC2|JPN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.09 | Q |
| 13 | 7 | 3 | Zane Waddell | {{flagIOC2|RSA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.16 | Q |
| 14 | 10 | 6 | Andrea Vergani | {{flagIOC2|ITA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.21 | Q |
| 15 | 8 | 6 | Justin Lynch | {{flagIOC2|USA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.25 | WD|Withdrew}} |
| 16 | 9 | 7 | Conor Brines | {{flagIOC2|IRL|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.26 | QSO|Qualified for a swim-off}} |
| 16 | 10 | 7 | Jan Šefl | {{flagIOC2|CZE|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.26 | QSO|Qualified for a swim-off}} |
| 18 | 6 | 8 | Long Gutiérrez | {{flagIOC2|MEX|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.29 |
| 18 | 8 | 8 | Ryan Coetzee | {{flagIOC2|RSA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.29 |
| 20 | 10 | 2 | Pulai Bence | {{flagIOC2|HUN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.31 |
| 21 | 9 | 1 | Ari-Pekka Liukkonen | {{flagIOC2|FIN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.37 |
| 21 | 9 | 6 | Tadas Duškinas | {{flagIOC2|LTU|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.37 |
| 23 | 10 | 1 | Yang Jung-doo | {{flagIOC2|KOR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.39 |
| 24 | 9 | 8 | Bence Gyárfás | {{flagIOC2|HUN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.41 |
| 25 | 8 | 7 | Jesper Björk | {{flagIOC2|SWE|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.42 |
| 26 | 5 | 3 | Kaan Ayar | {{flagIOC2|TUR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.43 |
| 27 | 7 | 2 | Zach Harting | {{flagIOC2|USA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.45 |
| 28 | 10 | 8 | Marius Radu | {{flagIOC2|ROU|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.47 |
| 29 | 8 | 1 | Michał Poprawa | {{flagIOC2|POL|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.50 |
| 30 | 7 | 5 | Jorge Iga | {{flagIOC2|MEX|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.58 |
| 31 | 6 | 5 | Maximilian Oswald | {{flagIOC2|GER|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.60 |
| 32 | 6 | 3 | Guido Buscaglia | {{flagIOC2|ARG|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.67 |
| 32 | 6 | 2 | Josiah Binnema | {{flagIOC2|CAN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.67 |
| 34 | 7 | 8 | Fotios Koliopoulos | {{flagIOC2|GRE|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.77 |
| 34 | 6 | 4 | Nikolajs Maskaļenko | {{flagIOC2|LAT|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.77 |
| 36 | 4 | 5 | Laurent Bams | {{flagIOC2|NED|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.81 |
| 37 | 7 | 7 | Alexander Kunert | {{flagIOC2|GER|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.89 |
| 38 | 4 | 1 | Cevin Siim | {{flagIOC2|EST|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.91 |
| 39 | 4 | 7 | Daniel Namir | {{flagIOC2|ISR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.93 |
| 40 | 7 | 4 | Sascha Subarsky | {{flagIOC2|AUT|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 24.95 |
| 41 | 5 | 6 | Chu Chen-ping | {{flagIOC2|TPE|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.02 |
| 42 | 6 | 6 | Stefanos Dimitriadis | {{flagIOC2|GRE|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.05 |
| 43 | 5 | 4 | Giacomo Carini | {{flagIOC2|ITA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.06 |
| 44 | 6 | 7 | David Arias | {{flagIOC2|COL|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.07 |
| 45 | 5 | 5 | Chang Kuo-chi | {{flagIOC2|TPE|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.09 |
| 46 | 4 | 3 | Josef Moser | {{flagIOC2|CZE|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.10 |
| 46 | 5 | 8 | Nicolás Deferrari | {{flagIOC2|ARG|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.10 |
| 48 | 4 | 2 | Zhang Shimeng | {{flagIOC2|CHN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.13 |
| 49 | 4 | 6 | Jaakko Rautalin | {{flagIOC2|FIN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.14 |
| 50 | 5 | 2 | Lee Tae-gu | {{flagIOC2|KOR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.19 |
| 51 | 4 | 4 | Jin Yuli | {{flagIOC2|CHN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.20 |
| 52 | 7 | 6 | Nicholas Brown | {{flagIOC2|AUS|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.24 |
| 53 | 5 | 7 | Ho Tin Long | {{flagIOC2|HKG|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.67 |
| 54 | 6 | 1 | Kemal Arda Gürdal | {{flagIOC2|TUR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 25.91 |
| 55 | 3 | 4 | Muhammad Hamgari | {{flagIOC2|INA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.00 |
| 56 | 3 | 2 | Muhammad Alamzah | {{flagIOC2|INA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.04 |
| 57 | 4 | 8 | Daniel Mitsumasu | {{flagIOC2|PER|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.04 |
| 58 | 2 | 3 | Carlos Orihuela | {{flagIOC2|PAR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.14 |
| 59 | 3 | 5 | Mahieddine Galdem | {{flagIOC2|ALG|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.21 |
| 60 | 3 | 6 | Gershwin Greene | {{flagIOC2|BAH|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.25 |
| 61 | 3 | 3 | Joshua Gold | {{flagIOC2|EST|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.31 |
| 62 | 3 | 7 | Ho Wei Ming | {{flagIOC2|SGP|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.49 |
| 63 | 5 | 1 | Mhikcoloe Abina | {{flagIOC2|PHI|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.60 |
| 64 | 2 | 4 | Valts Feldbergs | {{flagIOC2|LAT|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.64 |
| 65 | 2 | 5 | Nicholas Sammut | {{flagIOC2|MLT|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 26.85 |
| 66 | 3 | 1 | Tan Zhe Xian Dion | {{flagIOC2|SGP|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 27.07 |
| 67 | 3 | 8 | Mohammad Baghdadi | {{flagIOC2|LBN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 27.21 |
| 68 | 1 | 5 | Kalana Weeramuni | {{flagIOC2|SRI|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 27.23 |
| 69 | 1 | 4 | Jeffrey Galea | {{flagIOC2|MLT|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 27.86 |
| 70 | 2 | 2 | Daniel Bou Diab | {{flagIOC2|LBN|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 28.15 |
| 71 | 1 | 6 | Nidhal Al Harrasi | {{flagIOC2|OMA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 28.59 |
| 72 | 1 | 7 | Rajitha Herath | {{flagIOC2|SRI|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 28.82 |
| 73 | 2 | 6 | Enrique Nava | {{flagIOC2|BOL|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 28.93 |
| 74 | 1 | 2 | Daisuke Ssegwanyi | {{flagIOC2|UGA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 29.58 |
| 75 | 2 | 7 | Roger Giron | {{flagIOC2|PHI|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 29.80 |
| 76 | 1 | 3 | Conrado Sacco | {{flagIOC2|PAR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 29.84 |
| 77 | 1 | 8 | Ayman Al Qasmi | {{flagIOC2|OMA|2017 Summer Universiade}} | 30.14 |
| 78}} | 1 | 1 | Ali Nazari | {{flagIOC2|AFG|2017 Summer Universiade}} | DNS|Did not start}} |
| 79}} | 2 | 1 | Izon Alfred | {{flagIOC2|NGR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | DNS|Did not start}} |
| 80}} | 2 | 8 | Forsight Osamezu | {{flagIOC2|NGR|2017 Summer Universiade}} | DNS|Did not start}} |
The semifinals were held on 20 August at 20:02.[3]
The final was held on 21 August at 19:02.[4]
1. ^{{cite web|url=https://data.2017.gov.taipei/001/HamaTestUpload/123/636383429624496286.pdf|title=2017 Summer Universiade – Swimming – Technical handbook|publisher=data.2017.gov.taipei|accessdate=16 August 2017}}
2. ^[https://data.2017.gov.taipei/atos/prod/resTP2017/pdf/TP2017/SW/TP2017_SW_C74A_SWM020900.pdf Heats results]
3. ^[https://data.2017.gov.taipei/atos/prod/resTP2017/pdf/TP2017/SW/TP2017_SW_C73A2_SWM020200.pdf Semifinals results]
4. ^[https://data.2017.gov.taipei/atos/prod/resTP2017/pdf/TP2017/SW/TP2017_SW_C73A1_SWM020101.pdf Final results]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Swimming at the 2017 Summer Universiade - Men's 50 metre butterfly}}