| 词条 | Tahoe sucker |
| 释义 |
| image = Catostomus_tahoensis.jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Catostomus | species = tahoensis | authority = T. N. Gill & D. S. Jordan, 1878 | range_map = Tahoe sucker map.png | range_map_caption = Known watershed locations of Catostomus tahoensis | synonyms_ref = [1] | synonyms = Catostomus arenarius Snyder, 1917 Chasmistes chamberlaini Rutter, 1903 }} The Tahoe sucker (Catostomus tahoensis) is a freshwater Cypriniform fish inhabiting the Great Basin region of the Western United States. DescriptionThe Tahoe sucker is a large, long fish with a tapering head. It can grow up to 24 inches in larger lakes. Its rather large suckermouth is located on the bottom of the head. The caudal fin is moderately forked. There are 83 to 87 scales in the lateral line. They are very dark above, lighter below, with dusky fins. Breeding males display a bright red lateral line.[3] Distribution and habitatThese fish are native to the Lahontan Basin of southeastern Oregon, Nevada, and northeastern California, of which it is one of the most common fishes.[2] It has also been introduced into the upper Sacramento River system. The total adult population is believed to number over 100,000, and it is considered to be common or abundant in its various habitats.[1] They are mainly found in large lakes and reservoirs, but can also be found in ponds in lower reaches of streams. Adults occupy moderate depths. Young are found in shallow waters or tributary streams.[1] Diet habitsTahoe suckers are largely herbivorous, but have also been found to feed on insects and mirco-crustaceans.[3] ReproductionTahoe suckers reach sexual maturity between 2 and 5 years of age, with males tending to mature earlier. Differences in age at which maturity is reached exist between various populations. Those in Pyramid Lake mature several years earlier than those in Lake Tahoe. Fecundity is believed to be related to size, with age being of secondary influence. Nuptial tubercles begin appear on both sexes prior to the onset of the mating season, although they are rare on females. On males they form distinct rows on the anal and caudal fins.[2] The Tahoe sucker prefers to spawn over rock and gravel substrates.[1] After scattering her eggs into the gravel bed, the female shakes them down into the substrate. Simultaneously, the attendant males release their sperm in order to fertilize the released eggs.[3] Importance to humansHistorically, the Tahoe sucker was largely ignored by the indigenous Paiute peoples, who preferred Cutthroat trout and Cui-ui sucker. Despite the fish's size and good taste, it continues to have no economic significance.[3] References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal | author = NatureServe | title = Catostomus tahoensis | journal = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume= 2013 | page = e.T202063A2733869 | year = 2013 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T202063A2733869.en }} 2. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Kennedy|first1=Joseph L.|last2=Kucera|first2=Paul A.|title=THE REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY OF THE TAHOE SUCKER, CATOSTOMUS TAHOENSIS, IN PYRAMID LAKE, NEVADA|journal=Great Basin Naturalist|date=1978|volume=38|issue=2|pages=181–186}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=La Rivers|first1=Ira|title=Fishes and fisheries of Nevada|date=1994|publisher=University of Nevada Press|location=Reno|isbn=978-0874172560|pages=352–357}}
9 : Catostomus|Endemic fauna of the United States|Fish of the Western United States|Freshwater fish of the United States|Fauna of California|Fauna of the Great Basin|Natural history of Nevada|Natural history of Oregon|Fish described in 1878 |
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