| 词条 | Tamarix usneoides |
| 释义 |
| image = Tamarix usneoides IMG 8432.JPG | genus = Tamarix | species = usneoides | authority = E.Mey. ex Bunge | synonyms = }} Tamarix usneoides, locally known as wild tamarisk, is a twiggy shrub or small evergreen tree that grows in saline habitats, semi-deserts and karroid areas in southern Africa. It has a short trunk, thin branches usually growing from ground level, tiny scale-like leaves and spikes of creamy-white flowers. DescriptionTamarix usneoides is a shrub or small tree, up to {{convert|6|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} tall, with slender branches and an upright form. It usually branches from the base and often grows in clumps. The trunk is greyish-brown and rough, with longitudinal fissures. The roots are designed to harvest water from a large area; the taproot may descend to {{convert|30|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}}, and the adventitious roots spread out for {{convert|50|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} on either side. The greyish-green leaves are minute and scale-like, overlapping each other and clasping the stem. The inflorescences can be loose or dense sprays of small flowers in the leaf axils or forming racemes at the tips of the shoots. Each individual flower is small and creamy-white, with a persistent corolla. The fruits are capsules containing many tiny seeds.[1]Distribution and habitatTamarix usneoides is native to Namibia and the southwestern part of South Africa, where it occurs in the provinces of Northern Cape, Western Cape and Eastern Cape. It inhabits semi-desert and karoo habitats, riverbanks of dry or temporary rivers, salty alluvial flatlands, areas with subterranean brackish water, dune slacks and rocky deserts, at altitudes of up to {{convert|1370|m|ft|-2|abbr=on}}.[1] In saline locations it often grows in association with the shrub Suaeda fruticosa and the grass Odyssea paucinervis.[2] In the Namib Desert it occurs beside ephemeral watercourses where it grows with Faidherbia albida and species of Ficus.[3]References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.plantzafrica.com/planttuv/tamarixusneoides.htm |title=Tamarix usneoides E.Mey. ex Bunge |author=Phephu, Nonkululo |date=1 January 2012 |work=PlantZAfrica.com Database |publisher=South African National Biodiversity Institute |accessdate=21 February 2016}} 2. ^{{cite book|author1=Perry, R.A.|author2=Goodall, D.W.|title=Arid Land Ecosystems: Volume 1: Structure, Functioning and Management|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-48AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA124 |year=1979 |publisher=CUP Archive |isbn=978-0-521-21842-9 |page=124}} 3. ^{{cite book|author1=Cowling, R.M.|author2=Richardson, D.M.|author3=Pierce, S.M.|title=Vegetation of Southern Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_O5I3VPxDhAC&pg=PA203 |year=2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-54801-4 |page=203}} External links
2 : Tamarix|Flora of South Africa |
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