“Tania Chernova”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Tania Chernova was a Russian-American who claimed in interviews to have been a trained sniper for the Soviet forces during the Battle of Stalingrad. However, the historian Antony Beevor has questioned the veracity of her claims and described her as a "fantasist", due to the lack of female Soviet snipers at the battle.^[1] A character, played by Rachel Weisz, based on Chernova, appeared in the film Enemy at the Gates.

During World War II

Chernova was a Russian-American who went to Belarus to get her grandparents out of Russia. When she reached Belarus, the Germans had already killed them. After that incident, she joined the resistance.

Tania and her group went to Stalingrad by traveling through the sewer system to reach the Russian lines. After that, she joined Vasily Zaytsev's sniper school and became a sniper. The group of snipers that Zaytsev formed was called "The Hares." Tania was a part of a raid on a German headquarters. She and the rest of The Hares killed Germans by picking off guards one by one. Tania was accredited with 24 kills. Chernova and Zaytsev were in love during the war but were later separated.^[2]

While on the way to the German front lines with a small team to assassinate Field Marshall Paulus, Chernova was badly wounded in her abdomen when she set her foot on a land mine by mistake. She was admitted to a hospital in Tashkent and later recovered. She received misinformation about Zaytsev being killed in an explosion at Stalingrad. After her recovery, she married someone else, but could not conceive because of the injury.^[2]

In 1969 she was interviewed by American journalist William Craig and one of the things he asked her about was her time in the Hares. Confused as to how he got this information, she immediately asked him where he heard that. He replied with that Zaytsev told him. In Craig's book The Battle for Stalingrad that was written based on interviews, there is a narrative of a love triangle between commissar Danilov, Chernova and Zaytsev which has been explained as a work of fiction by English military historian Antony Beevor.^[2]

After the war

Tania Chernova survived the war. She continued to "break as many sticks" as she could. William Craig interviewed her for his 1973 book Enemy at the Gates: The Battle for Stalingrad:

In fiction

In the film Enemy at the Gates, portrayed by Rachel Weisz, Tania is a citizen of Stalingrad who has become a Private in the local militia. Danilov has her transferred to an intelligence unit away from the battlefield. She later reunited with Zaitsev in a field hospital.^[4]

References

1. ^{{cite web |title=Hollywood recycles Soviet tale |work=BBC News |date=9 November 2000 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1006205.stm |publisher=BBC |access-date=28 June 2018}}
2. ^¹²{{cite book |first=Paul |last=Dowswell |author-link=Paul Dowswell |title=True Stories of the Second World War: Usborne True Stories |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zDd8AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT56 |date=1 September 2012 |publisher=Usborne Publishing Ltd |isbn=978-1-4095-5515-5 |page=56}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.awesomestories.com/asset/view/THE-SWORD-OF-STALINGRAD-Stalingrad-Deadly-Battle-of-WWII |title=Stalingrad: Deadly Battle of WWII - THE SWORD OF STALINGRAD |date=1 August 2007 |access-date=6 February 2017 |last=Bos |first=Carole |work=Awesome Stories}}
4. ^{{cite news |last=von Tunzelmann |first=Alex |author-link=Alex von Tunzelmann |title=Enemy at the Gates: Stalingrad with cockney accents |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2008/oct/23/reel-history-enemy-at-the-gates |date=23 October 2008 |access-date=28 June 2018 |newspaper=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media Limited}}