| 词条 | Texas Senate Bill 5 (85th Legislature) |
| 释义 |
Texas Senate Bill 5 (SB 5) is a bill that implements a form of voter identification law in the state of Texas. It is a revamped version of a previous Texas voter ID law (SB 14) that was introduced in 2011. SB 5 was filed on February 21, 2017 during the regular session of the eighty-fifth Texas Legislature. The bill passed the Texas Senate with a 21-10 vote, and it passed the Texas House of Representatives with a 92-56 vote with 1 present, not voting.[1][2] Governor Greg Abbott signed the bill on June 1, 2017, and it became effective January 1, 2018.[3] Bill ContentTexas Senate Bill 5 requires voters to present an acceptable form of photo ID before casting a ballot at the polls. There are currently 7 acceptable forms of ID:
For voters between the ages of 18-69, the above ID’s cannot be expired for more than 4 years. For voters aged over 70, any of the above valid ID’s can be expired for more than 4 years.[4] Under the bill, voters who do not possess any of the seven forms of ID and are unable to obtain one through reasonable means may vote if they complete a Reasonable Impediment Declaration and show one of the following supporting forms of ID:[4]
Legal ChallengesOn August 23, 2017, U.S. District Judge Nelva Gonzales Ramos ruled that Texas Senate Bill 5 failed to sufficiently reform the discriminatory effect the original voter ID law (SB 14) had on Hispanic and black voters.[5] SB 14 had previously been ruled against by both the U.S. 5th Circuit Court of Appeals and Judge Ramos for its discriminatory impact.[5] The August 23, 2017 decision by Judge Ramos was appealed by the State of Texas.[5] The U.S. 5th Circuit Court of Appeals heard the case on December 5, 2017 and ultimately reversed Ramos' ruling.[6][7] On December 8, 2017, the Appellate Court upheld SB 5 in a 2-1 decision on the grounds that intentional discrimination cannot be traced from SB 14 to the newly revised SB 5 without a new legal challenge directed specifically at SB 5.[7] See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://journals.senate.texas.gov/sjrnl/85r/pdf/85RSJ05-27-F.PDF#page=99|title=Senate Journal - 65th Day|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=September 7, 2018}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://journals.house.texas.gov/hjrnl/85r/pdf/85RDAY84FINAL.PDF#page=25|title=Texas House Journal - 84th Day|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=September 7, 2018}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://capitol.texas.gov/BillLookup/Actions.aspx?LegSess=85R&Bill=SB5|title=Texas Legislature Online - 85(R) Actions for SB 5|website=capitol.texas.gov|access-date=2018-09-07}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|url=https://www.sos.state.tx.us/elections/laws/advisory2018-08.shtml|title=Voter Identification Procedures under Senate Bill 5 (2017)|website=www.sos.state.tx.us|language=en-US|access-date=2018-09-07}} 5. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=https://www.texastribune.org/2017/08/23/federal-judge-tosses-new-texas-voter-id-law/|title=Federal judge tosses new Texas voter ID law; state plans to appeal|last=Tribune|first=The Texas|date=2017-08-23|work=The Texas Tribune|access-date=2018-09-07|language=en}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.texastribune.org/2017/12/05/texas-heads-back-5th-circuit-long-winding-voter-id-fight/|title=Federal appeals judges question challenge to revised Texas voter ID law|last=Tribune|first=The Texas|date=2017-12-05|work=The Texas Tribune|access-date=2018-09-07|language=en}} 7. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.texastribune.org/2018/04/27/5th-circuit-decision-texas-voter-id/|title=Federal appellate court upholds embattled Texas voter ID law|last=Tribune|first=The Texas|date=2018-04-27|work=The Texas Tribune|access-date=2018-09-07|language=en}} 4 : Texas statutes|Texas elections|Electoral restrictions|Voting in the United States |
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