“The Executed Renaissance”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Executed Renaissance: Anthology from 1917–1933: Poetry—prose—drama—essay ({{lang-uk|«Розстріляне відродження: Антологія 1917—1933: Поезія—проза—драма—есей»}}) is an anthology of works from Ukrainian poets and prosaists from 1920-1930. The term's origin is attributed to the Ukrainian emigre and literary critic Yurii Lavrinenko, who published the anthology in 1959 in Paris with the support of Jerzy Giedroyc, a Polish writer and activist.

The anthology itself is based on the concept of the "Executed Renaissance," which Giedroyc coined to describe hundreds of writers - both Ukrainian literati and intellectuals - who were executed under Joseph Stalin.^[1] This cultural elite became the target of the Soviet purges because they were in a position to expose oppression and betrayal and could quickly become targets of treason themselves.^[2] During the revolution, the works of the poets were popular features and rallying chants. The body of literature was also recognized for its contribution to the emergence of the modern Ukrainian national idea.^[3]

From history of publishing

Lavrinenko had been recommended to Jerzy Giedroyc by Yurii Shevelov for compilation of an anthology of Ukrainian literature of 1920-1930.

A book appeared in the library of Parisian magazine Kultura in 1959. The term 'Executed Renaissance' is accredited to Giedroyc. This wording as a suggestion for the name of a book first appeared in Giedroyc's letter to Shevelov from August 13, 1958: "And what about name. It would be better to give as a common name “The Executed Renaissance: Anthology from 1917–1933” etc. Name would sound effectly. On the other hand, humble name “Anthology” only can take the sting out of propagation through the Iron Curtain. What do you think about it?"

After the book's publication, Giedroyc sent, at the editorial staff's own expense, copies to the Writers' Union in Kyiv and magazines of Ukrainian SSR. Moreover, he used their ability (legal or not) to send books through the Iron Curtain. After publishing the anthology, the term "Executed Renaissance" garnered widespread notoriety in Ukrainian public language.

Materials for anthology were found in contemporary periodicals, libraries and archives, such as the Archive-museum of Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, the Department of Slavic Studies of New York Public Library, and the private collections of Sviatoslav Hordynsky, Hryhorii Kostiuk, Volodymyr Miakovsky, Yosyp Hirniak, Oksana Burevii and others), and in handwritten copy, etc. Additionally, Shevelov, Leonid Lyman, Ivan Koshelivets, Vasyl Barka, Vasyl Hryshko, Yar Slavutych and others aided with seeking materials and offering advice.

Structure of anthology

Ina preface to the edition, Lavrinenko, its editor, wrote about principium and the technique of choosing:

Lavrinenko noted that part of the banned works had been printed during the occupation of Eastern Ukraine—between 1939-1946 and between 1956-1958—but it contained some corrections. The main principum was "to give only works, which had withdrew after Moscow's terroristic and famine crack-downs on Ukraine." Works that were written in emigration were not represented because "this is anthology of works, which was in UkrSSR before 1933."

The anthology consists of four chapters: poetry, prose, drama and essay. Poetry was represented most fully: Firstly, because it "was in vanguard of contemporary literature;" and secondly, because "it is unpossible to cover even the most important examples of prose, drama and essay." Authors were placed «"n order of appearance of their first book after 1917."

Poetry

Prose

Drama

Essay

See also

References

1. ^{{Cite book|title=Contemporary Ukraine on the Cultural Map of Europe|last=Onyshkevych|first=Larissa|last2=Rewakowicz|first2=Maria|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|isbn=9780765624000|location=London|pages=186}}
2. ^{{Cite book|title=Traitors, Collaborators and Deserters in Contemporary European Politics of Memory: Formulas of Betrayal|last=Grinchenko|first=Gelinada|last2=Narvselius|first2=Eleonora|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2017|isbn=9783319664958|location=Cham, Switzerland|pages=145}}
3. ^{{Cite book|title=Where Currents Meet: Frontiers in Post-Soviet Fiction of Kharkiv, Ukraine|last=Zaharchenko|first=Tanya|publisher=Central European University Press|year=2016|isbn=9789633861196|location=Budapest|pages=22}}
4. ^For remembrance about a battle of Kruty
5. ^A posthumous book, which consists of 85 original and 28 translated sonets.
6. ^С. Гординський. Справжній народний Малахій. — Філадельфія: Київ, 1953. — ч.4, с. 191—195.
7. ^Кость Буревій. Павло Полуботок: Історична драма на 5 дій. — Мюнхен: вид-во «Орлик», 1948. — с. 31-33, с.88-97.