| 词条 | The Underground Eiger |
| 释义 |
| name = The Underground Eiger | image = | caption = | director = Barry Cockcroft | producer = John Fairley | writer = | starring = | music = | cinematography = Mostafa Hammuri | editing = Terry Warwick | studio = Yorkshire Television | distributor = | released = {{Film date|1979|02|21|df=yes}} | runtime = 50 minutes | country = United Kingdom | language = English | budget = | gross = }} The Underground Eiger is a made-for-television documentary that was released in 1979. It details a world record-breaking cave dive of {{cvt|6000|ft|m}} made by Geoff Yeadon and Oliver Statham from West Kingsdale Master Cave, in North Yorkshire, England to Keld Head. An estimated 20 million viewers watched its television debut. It has been called "legendary in caving folklore," and notable cave diver Richard Stanton cites it as the impetus that sparked his interest in cave diving. BackgroundGeoff Yeadon and Oliver "Bear" Statham began to systematically explore Keld Head in 1975, unintentionally discovering and then recovering the remains of a diver, Alan Erith, who died there 5 years previously. Over the years the two divers, in addition to others, explored both the Keld Head and West Kingsdale Master Cave systems. Exploration was complicated by constricted passageways, low visibility due to silt, and shortage of airbells (pockets of air) in which to swap out air cylinders. By 1976, the unexplored distance between the two systems was only {{cvt|275|m|ft}}. In 1978, they dove with Jochen Hasenmayer into the system, where disaster was narrowly averted. Hasenmayer became temporarily trapped in a narrow passage, and Yeadon attempted to help him escape it at great personal risk. At one point, Hasenmayer thrust his hand out to the other side of the passage and grasped Yeadon's hand; Yeadon was able untangle the line that had trapped him and Hasenmayer was freed. Yeadon later recounted, "I thought I was shaking a dead man's hand in there;" the narrow passageway would then be referred to as "Dead Man's Handshake."[1] By June 1978, the unexplored section between the two systems was reduced to {{cvt|60|m|ft}}. In July, the connection was officially made by Yeadon, Statham, and Hasenmayer traveling from Keld Head until they reached the Kingsdale line. After making the connection, they turned around and went back to Keld Head. Their next goal would be to traverse the entire {{cvt|1829|m|ft}} distance between Keld Head and the West Kingsdale Master Cave.[1] PlotThe film details Yeadon and Statham's preparation for traversing "the Underground Eiger", so named after the mountain Eiger, as well as the venture itself. In part one, Yeadon and Statham are shown pouring red dye into the Kingdale river, a tributary of the River Lune, at the part where it goes underground. Three days later and {{cvt|1|mi|km}} away, the dye resurfaces at Keld Head. The two dive into Keld Head and bank emergency supplies of air cylinders underwater for their future dive.[1] Part two begins with the Yeadon and Statham awakening on the day of the dive, January 16, 1979,[2] in the hostel where they were staying.[1] Once the dive begins, they are able to maintain contact with the crew on the surface thanks to the use of a new radio technology dubbed the "Molefone"—a type of speleophone that enabled communication via magnetic induction.[3][1] At Dead Man's Handshake, Statham encounters serious trouble when a piece of rock jams his demand valve, though he is able to clear the obstacle and maintain his air supply. After clearing Dead Man's Handshake, the pair are in good spirits and Statham's singing of "Show Me the Way to Go Home" is picked up on the radios as they near completion of the dive.[8] The film ends with the two successfully emerging at Keld Head.[1] FilmingFilming for the documentary was complicated by the fact that only a few camera operators hired for the project had experience filming in caves. Additionally, cavers hired for the project were under the impression that their only duties would be to haul diving and filming equipment in and out of the caves; they were surprised to learn that they would also be filmed. Simon Garvey and Stuart Herbage, two of the cavers, recalled that their only "acting lessons" consisted of two pieces of advice from Barry Cockcroft: "act naturally" and "don't look at the camera."[4] Filming was also complicated by technical issues. One roll of film was ruined when it was exposed to light before it was developed, necessitating some scenes were reshot. At one point, cinematographer Mostafa Hammuri fell into the water while filming a scene, though he was able to rescue himself.[4] Video and audio of the record-breaking dive was provided by the divers themselves. Statham was equipped with two lightweight, waterproof cameras, while Yeadon was charged with maintaining radio contact with the surface via the speleophone.[5] LegacyThe film was nationally televised in the United Kingdom with 20 million viewers watching its debut. It remains "legendary in caving folklore." Statham and Yeadon's dive was a world record at the time, and remained a United Kingdom record until it was broken in 1991.[6] The film has emotional significance as well, as Statham committed suicide on September 28, 1979[2] at the age of 27.[7] Cave diver and rescue specialist Richard Stanton states that viewing the film as a teenager inspired his interest in cave diving.[8] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web| url=http://www.yorkshirefilmarchive.com/film/once-lifetime-underground-eiger| title=ONCE IN A LIFETIME: THE UNDERGROUND EIGER 1979| website=Yorkshire Film Archive| publisher=Yorkshire Film Archive| access-date=5 July 2018}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book| title=The Darkness Beckons: The History and Development of World Cave Diving| last=Farr| first=Martyn |authorlink=Martyn Farr |publisher=Vertebrate Graphics Limited| year=2017| isbn=1910240745}} 3. ^{{cite web| url=http://caving-library.org.uk/catalogue/BCL/code/php/library.php?action=search&lib=&type=any&search=title&search_string=Part%201%20-%20The%20development%20of%20the%20%22Molephone%22&title=Part%201%20-%20The%20development%20of%20the%20%22Molephone%22&orig=Bob%20Mackin| title=Bob Mackin : Part 1 - The development of the "Molephone"| website=British Caving Library| access-date=6 July 2018}} 4. ^1 {{cite book| title=The Adventures of Another Pooh: Caving Explorations and Escapades| last=Yeandle| first=David| year=2002| publisher=iUniverse| isbn=0595224660}} 5. ^1 {{cite AV media | people=Cockcroft, Barry (Director) | year=1979 | title=The Underground Eiger | medium=Motion picture | location=England | publisher=Yorkshire Television}} 6. ^{{cite web| url=https://player.bfi.org.uk/free/film/watch-the-underground-eiger-1979-online| title=The Underground Eiger| website=BFI player| publisher=British Film Institute|access-date=5 July 2018}} 7. ^{{cite magazine| url=https://nsscds.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/UWS_Vol_6_006.pdf| page=58| magazine=Underwater Speleology|date=December 1979| title=Oliver Statham Inquest Verdict|access-date=6 July 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.divernet.com/cave-diving/p302428-rick-stanton.html| title=Rick Stanton| date=October 2007| website=Divernet| access-date=5 July 2018}} External links
2 : Documentary films about England|European expeditions |
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