| 词条 | Ammonium aluminium sulfate |
| 释义 |
| Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 442343812 | ImageFile = Ammonium aluminium sulfate dodecahydrate.svg | ImageFile1 = Ammonium aluminum sulfate crystals.jpg | ImageSize1 = 300px | IUPACName = | OtherNames = Ammonium alum Tschermigite |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | SMILES = [Al+3].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[NH4+] | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo = 7784-25-0 | CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo1 = 7784-26-1 | CASNo1_Comment = (dodecahydrate) | EINECS = 232-055-3 | KEGG = D02842 | KEGG_Comment = (dodecahydrate) | RTECS = WS5640010 | PubChem = 3032540 | PubChem1 = 62668 | PubChem1_Comment = (dodecahydrate) | EC_number_Comment = 616-522-2 (dodecahydrate) | InChI = 1/Al.H3N.2H2O4S/c;;2*1-5(2,3)4/h;1H3;2*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+3;;;/p-3 | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/Al.H3N.2H2O4S/c;;2*1-5(2,3)4/h;1H3;2*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+3;;;/p-3 | InChIKey = LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-DFZHHIFOAY | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 2297489 | ChemSpiderID1_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID1 = 56419 | ChemSpiderID1_Comment = (dodecahydrate) | UNII = DPU64XYB1D | UNII1 = 5C36DRL9ZN | UNII1_Comment = (dodecahydrate) |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Properties_ref = [1] | Formula = (NH4)Al(SO4)2 | MolarMass = 237.15 g/mol (anhydrous) 453.33 g/mol (dodecahydrate) | Appearance = white crystals | Density = 2.45 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 1.64 g/cm3 (dodecahydrate) | MeltingPtC = 93.5 | MeltingPt_notes = (dodecahydrate) | BoilingPtC = 120 | BoilingPt_notes = dehydr. (dodecahydrate) | Solubility = 15 g/100 ml (20 °C, dodecahydrate) |Section3={{Chembox Structure | Structure_ref = [1] | CrystalStruct = Hexagonal (anhydrous) Cubic (dodecahydrate) | SpaceGroup = | Coordination = Octahedral (Al3+) | LattConst_a = }} |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | Hazards_ref = [2] | GHSPictograms = {{GHS07|Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2}} | GHSSignalWord = WARNING | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|315|319}} | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|264|280|302+352|305+351+338|321|332+313|337+313|362}} | FlashPt = Non-flammable | ExternalSDS = External MSDS }}Ammonium aluminium sulfate, also known as ammonium alum or just alum (though there are many different substances also called "alum"), is a white crystalline double sulfate usually encountered as the dodecahydrate, formula (NH4)Al(SO4)2·12H2O. It is used in small amounts in a variety of niche applications. The dodecahydrate occurs naturally as the rare mineral tschermigite.[1] Production and basic propertiesAmmonium alum is made from aluminium hydroxide, sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate. It forms a solid solution with potassium alum. Pyrolysis leaves alumina. Such alumina is used in the production of grinding powders and as precursors to synthetic gems.[3] UsesAmmonium alum is not a major industrial chemical or a particularly useful laboratory reagent, but it is cheap and effective, which invites many niche applications. It is used in water purification, in vegetable glues, in porcelain cements, in deodorants and in tanning, dyeing and in fireproofing textiles.[4] The pH of the solution resulting from the topical application of ammonium alum with perspiration is typically in the slightly acid range, from 3 to 5.[5] Ammonium alum is a common ingredient in animal repellant sprays.[6][7][8] ToxicologyAlum was once a common pickling ingredient used to promote crispness in preserved vegetables, due to the way it reacts with natural pectin. It has fallen out of use from a suspected link to Alzheimer's Disease, and is no longer recommended for pickling,[9] but is still known as E number E523. Aluminium sulfate, closely related to ammonium alum, is considered nontoxic up to {{LD50}} of 6207 mg/kg. References1. ^1 2 {{RubberBible62nd|pages=B-74, B-75}}. {{Aluminium compounds}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ammonium Aluminium Sulfate}}2. ^{{GHS class NZ|id=15938|accessdate=2009-11-23}}. 3. ^Otto Helmboldt, L. Keith Hudson, Chanakya Misra, Karl Wefers, Wolfgang Heck, Hans Stark, Max Danner, Norbert Rösch "Aluminum Compounds, Inorganic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a01_527.pub2}} 4. ^{{citation | url = https://www.questia.com/library/encyclopedia/alum.jsp | contribution = Alum | title = The Columbia Encyclopedia | year = 2004 | edition = 6th | publisher = Columbia University Press | location = Ithaca, NY | accessdate = 2009-11-23}}. 5. ^{{citation | url = http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/a2760.htm | title = Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate Material Safety Data Sheet | publisher = J. T. Baker | date = March 2009 | accessdate = 2009-11-23}}. 6. ^{{citation | url = http://www.bruceharris.com.au/BHPMweb/dter_faq.htm | title = D-TER Animal and Bird Repellent | publisher = Bruce Harris Project Management Pty Ltd | date = 2004-09-04 | accessdate = 2010-03-03}}. 7. ^{{citation | url = http://www.multicrop.com.au/pdfs/MULTICROP-SCAT-BIRD-AND-ANIMAL-REPELLENT-Ref-%281226%29.pdf | title = Multicrop Scat Bird and Animal Repellent Data Sheet | publisher = Multicrop (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. | date = 2003-03-04 | accessdate = 2010-03-03}}. 8. ^{{citation | url = http://www.tandridge.gov.uk/environment/pestcontrol/foxes.htm | title = Pest Control: Foxes | publisher = Tandridge District Council (UK) | date = February 2006 | accessdate = 2010-03-03}}. 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://fyi.uwex.edu/safepreserving/2013/09/18/safe-preserving-grape-leaves-alum-and-old-wives-tales/ |title=Safe Preserving: Grape Leaves, Alum and Old Wive’s Tales |date=September 18, 2013 |publisher=University of Wisconsin |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307174607/http://fyi.uwex.edu/safepreserving/2013/09/18/safe-preserving-grape-leaves-alum-and-old-wives-tales/ |archive-date=March 7, 2014 |dead-url=yes}} 6 : Aluminium compounds|Ammonium compounds|Sulfates|Double salts|Astringent flavors|E-number additives |
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