| 词条 | Ammonium hexachloroplatinate |
| 释义 |
| Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 443387206 | Name = Ammonium hexachloroplatinate | ImageFile = NH4 2PtCl6improved.svg | ImageSize = 200px | ImageName = Ammonium hexachloroplatinate | ImageFile2 = (NH4)2PtCl6Xray.tif | ImageSize2 = 320px | ImageName2 = Ammonium hexachloroplatinate | IUPACName = Ammonium hexachloroplatinate(IV) | OtherNames = ammonium chloroplatinate |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 10628022 | PubChem = 16211460 | EINECS = 240-973-0 | InChI = 1/6ClH.2H3N.Pt/h6*1H;2*1H3;/q;;;;;;;;+4/p-4/rCl6Pt.2H3N/c1-7(2,3,4,5)6;;/h;2*1H3/q-2;;/p+2 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 59604 | SMILES = [NH4+].[NH4+].Cl[Pt-2](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl | InChIKey = PCCGQTHFYHJATL-WPAIPAOFAY | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/6ClH.2H3N.Pt/h6*1H;2*1H3;/q;;;;;;;;+4/p-4 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = PCCGQTHFYHJATL-UHFFFAOYSA-J | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo = 16919-58-7 |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = (NH4)2PtCl6 | MolarMass = 443.87 g/mol | Odor = odorless | Appearance = yellow crystals | Density = 3.065 g/cm3 | MeltingPtC = 380 | MeltingPt_notes = decomposes | Solubility = 0.289 g/100ml (0 °C) 0.7 g/100ml (15 °C)[1] 0.499 g/100ml (20 °C) 3.36 g/100ml (100 °C)}} | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | Hazards_ref = | ExternalSDS = | GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS06}}{{GHS07}}{{GHS08}} | GHSSignalWord = Danger | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|290|301|317|318|334}} | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|234|261|264|270|272|280|285|301+310|302+352|304+341|305+351+338|310|321|330|333+313|342+311|363|390|404|405|501}} | MainHazards = | IngestionHazard = | InhalationHazard = | EyeHazard = | SkinHazard = | NFPA-F = | NFPA-H = | NFPA-R = | NFPA-S = | NFPA_ref = | FlashPt = | FlashPtC = | FlashPt_notes = | FlashPt_ref = | AutoignitionPt = | AutoignitionPtC = | AutoignitionPt_ref= | AutoignitionPt_notes= | ExploLimits = | TLV = | TLV-TWA = | TLV-STEL = | TLV-C = | LD50 = 195 mg/kg rat | LDLo = | LC50 = | LCLo = | PEL = | REL = | IDLH = | NIOSH_id = | NIOSH_ref = }} Ammonium hexachloroplatinate, also known as ammonium chloroplatinate, is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)2[PtCl6]. It is a rare example of a soluble platinum(IV) salt that is not hygroscopic. It forms intensely yellow solutions in water. In the presence of 1M NH4Cl, its solubility is only 0.0028 g/100 mL. Preparation and structureThe compound consists of separate tetrahedral ammonium cations and octahedral [PtCl6]2− anions. It is usually generated as a fine yellow precipitate by treating a solution of hexachloroplatinic acid with a solution of an ammonium salt.[2] The complex is so poorly soluble that this step is employed in the isolation of platinum from ores and recycled residues.[3] As analyzed by X-ray crystallography, the salt crystallizes in a cubic motif reminiscent of the fluorite structure. The [PtCl6]2− centers are octahedral. The NH4+ centers are hydrogen bonded to the chloride ligands.[4] Uses and reactionsAmmonium hexachloroplatinate is used in platinum plating. Heating (NH4)2[PtCl6] under a stream of hydrogen at 200 °C produces platinum sponge. Treating this with chlorine gives H2[PtCl6].[2] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=7145 |title=ammonium hexachloroplatinate(IV) |publisher=Chemister.ru |date=2007-03-19 |accessdate=2014-06-03}} {{Platinum compounds}}2. ^1 {{cite journal | title = Ammonium Hexachloroplatinate(IV) | author = George B. Kauffman | year = 1967 | journal = Inorganic Syntheses | volume = 9 | pages = 182–185 | doi = 10.1002/9780470132401.ch51 | series = Inorganic Syntheses | isbn = 978-0-470-13240-1}} 3. ^Cotton, S. A. Chemistry of Precious Metals, Chapman and Hall (London): 1997. {{ISBN|0-7514-0413-6}}. 4. ^Verde-Gómez, Y.; Alonso-Nuñez, G.; Cervantes, F.; Keer, A. "Aqueous solution reaction to synthesize ammonium hexachloroplatinate and its crystallographic and thermogravimetric characterization" Materials Letters, 2003, volume 57, p 4667-4672. {{doi|10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00381-1}} 3 : Platinum(IV) compounds|Ammonium compounds|Chloro complexes |
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