| 词条 | Thomas's big-eared brown bat |
| 释义 |
| name = Thomas's big-eared brown bat | image = | status = NT | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Histiotus | species = laephotis | authority = Thomas, 1916 | synonyms = | range_map = Distribution of Histiotus laephotis.PNG }} Thomas's big-eared brown bat (Histiotus laephotis) is a species of vesper bat found in South America. Taxonomy and etymologyThomas's big-eared brown bat was described as a new species in 1916 by British zoologist Oldfield Thomas.[2] Thomas described the species based off specimens held by the Turin Museum of Natural History that had been collected by "Dr. Borelli",[2] likely Dr. Alfredo Borelli, who furnished many biological specimens during this time from Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia.[3] The holotype had been collected in Caiza, Bolivia, which is located in the Potosí Department of Southern Bolivia.[2] Of the species name "laephotis", Thomas was not clear on its meaning, though he remarked that it "[had] a similar meaning" to the name histiotus,[4] which means "sail ear" (from Ancient Greek "ἱστός" meaning "mast" + "οὖς" meaning "ear").[5] A hypothesis for the etymology of laephotis is that it comes from Greek "λαιός" meaning "awkward" and "φως" meaning "light," possibly referring to an awkward flight in the daylight.[6] The validity of Thomas's big-eared brown bat as a species has been disputed. In the past, it has been regarded as a subspecies of the big-eared brown bat, H. macrotis.[7] More recently, it has been considered a subspecies of the small big-eared brown bat, H. montanus.[8] At present, several sources consider it a valid species.[9][1] DescriptionIndividuals weight approximately {{convert|11|g|oz|abbr=on}}.[13] Its ears are very long relative to other members of its genus, at {{convert|32-33|mm|in|abbr=on}} long. The ears are {{convert| 23-24|mm|in|abbr=on}} wide. Its fur is dark brown, with the tips of individual hairs lighter brown. Its ears and flight membranes are grayish in color. Its forearm is {{convert|46-51|mm|in|abbr=on}} long. From head to tail, it is {{convert|104|mm|in|abbr=on}} long. Its tail is {{convert|50|mm|in|abbr=on}}; its tragus is {{convert|11|mm|in|abbr=on}} long.[2] It can be differentiated from the similar small big-eared brown bat (Histiotus montanus) by its yellowish fur, pale ears, and longer forearm.[13] Range and habitatIts range includes Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina.[1] In March 2006, it was documented in Brazil for the first time.[10] A paper published in 2015 cited its first ever documentation in Chile.[11] ConservationIt is evaluated as near-threatened by the IUCN. Despite its reasonably wide distribution, it is dependent on fragile forest habitat that is significantly declining in extent and quality.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal|last1=Barquez| first1= R.| last2= Diaz| first2= M.| date= 2008| title= Histiotus laephotis| journal= The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume=2008| page= e.T136502A4301641| doi= 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T136502A4301641.en}} {{Vespertilioninae nav}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q48844938}}2. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal| last=Thomas| first= Oldfield| date=1916| title=XXIX.—Notes on bats of the genus Histiotus| journal= Journal of Natural History|volume= 17|pages= 275–276| url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15612444}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last=Rehn| first= J. A.| date= 1906| title= Notes on South American grasshoppers of the subfamily Acridinae (Acrididae), with descriptions of new genera and species| journal= Proceedings of the United States National Museum| volume=30| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BGobAAAAMAAJ&pg|page=379}} 4. ^{{cite journal| last=Thomas| first= O.| date= 1901| title= LVIII.—On a new genus and species of Vespertilionine but from East Africa| journal= Journal of Natural History| volume= 7| issue=41| pages=460–462| doi= 10.1080/00222930108678499}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Braun| first1= J. K.| last2= Mares| first2= M. A.| date= 1995| title= The mammals of Argentina: an etymology| journal= Mastozoología Neotropical| volume= 2| issue=2| pages= 173–206| url=https://www.sarem.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/SAREM_MastNeotrop_2-2_05_Braun.pdf}} 6. ^{{cite journal| last1=Davis| first1= W. B.| last2=Carter| first2= D. C.| date= 1978| title= A review of the round-eared bats of the Tonatia silvicola complex, with descriptions of three new taxa | journal= Occasional Papers Museum of Texas Tech University| issue= 53 |pages=1–12| url=http://www.bio-nica.info/biblioteca/Davis1978.pdf}} 7. ^{{cite book| last1=Barquez| first1= R. M.| last2= Mares| first2= M. A.| last3= Braun| first3= J. K.| date= 1999| title=The bats of Argentina| publisher= Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University| volume=42|url=http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/publications/specpubs/sps/SP42.pdf|pages=129–133}} 8. ^{{cite book| last1=Handley Jr| first1= C. O.| last2= Gardner| first2=A. L.| date= 2008| chapter= Genus Histiotus P. Gervais, 1856| title= Mammals of South America| volume= 1| pages= 450–457| isbn=978-0226282428}} 9. ^{{MSW3 | id = 13802210 | pages = 488 | heading = Histiotus laephotis | author = Simmons, N. B.}} 10. ^{{cite journal| last1=Miranda| first1= J.| last2= Azevedo-Barros| first2= M. F.| last3= Passos| first3= F. C.| date= 2007| title= First record of Histiotus laephotis Thomas (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) from Brazil| journal= Revista Brasileira de Zoologia| volume= 24| issue=4| pages= 1188–1191| doi=10.1590/S0101-81752007000400040}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last1=Ossa| first1= G.| last2= Bonacic| first2= C.| last3=Barquez| first3= R. M.| date= 2015| title= First record of Histiotus laephotis (Thomas, 1916) from Chile and new distributional information for Histiotus montanus (Phillipi and Landbeck, 1861)(Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae)| journal= Mammalia| volume= 79| issue=4| pages= 457–461|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266077754}} 4 : Mammals described in 1916|Bats of South America|Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas|Histiotus |
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