| 词条 | Tilia caroliniana |
| 释义 |
|image = The North American sylva; or, A description of the forest trees of the United States, Canada and Nova Scotia. Considered particularly with respect to their use in the arts and their introduction into (14595095808).jpg |image_caption = Botanical drawing of Tilia caroliniana subsp. heterophylla. |genus = Tilia |species = caroliniana |authority = Mill. |synonyms =
|synonyms_ref = [1] }}Tilia caroliniana Mill. is a species of tree in the Malvaceae family native to the southern and south-eastern states of the U.S., and Mexico.[2] TaxonomyT. caroliniana consists of 4 subspecies:[2]
Trees described as belonging to Tilia mexicana, belong to either subsp. floridana or subsp. occidentalis.[2] However, the taxonomy of American species of Tilia remains a matter of contention. DNA analysis, which has clarified much of the taxonomy of genera such as Ulmus, has yet to be applied to Tilia. Pigott (2012) wrote:[3] The complexity of variation in American Tilia is not readily treated by classical taxonomy, and attempts to do so have resulted in the description of a profusion of species and varieties that are often separated by small and inconsistent differences. DescriptionTilia caroliniana may grow to {{convert|30|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall with a trunk up to {{convert|150|cm|ft|abbr=on}} in diameter. The leaves are large, very unequal at the base, {{convert|7|–|19|cm|abbr=on|in|frac=4}} long and {{convert|6|–|14|cm|abbr=on|in|frac=4}} broad, with a finely toothed margin; they are light green and smooth above, and silvery downy beneath.[4] Some leaves on specimens identified as T. mexicana in English arboreta are huge, {{convert|30|cm|ft|abbr=on}} long,[5] as exemplified by the specimen at the Ventnor Botanic Garden. The flowers, larger than those of T. americana, are produced in clusters of 10–24 together. The fruit is spherical, {{convert|13|mm|in|abbr=on|frac=32}} diameter, downy, with the fruit bract pointed at the base.[4][2]UsesThe young leaves are edible, and can be made into a mild-flavored tea.[6] CultivationSeed of Mexican specimens collected by the British 1991 expedition in the Sierra Madre Oriental has yielded trees which are 'growing steadily' in British gardens, including on heavy clay. The species is currently (2017) in commerce in the UK.[7] Notable treesIn the UK, the TROBI champion, identified as T. mexicana, grows at Wisley, where it had attained a height of 8 m and a d.b.h. of 17 cm by 2010.[8] References1. ^Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden. (2013). The Plant List. Version 1.1 {{Taxonbar|from=Q6146917}}2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite book|url=|title=Lime-trees and Basswoods: A Biological Monograph of the Genus Tilia|last=Pigott|first=Donald|date=2012|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=|isbn=9780521840545|location=|pages=267–292|language=en}} 3. ^Pigott, Donald (2012). p.253 4. ^1 {{Silvics|volume=2|genus=Tilia|species=heterophylla|first=Timothy|last=LaFarge}} 5. ^Hillier & Sons. (1990). Hillier's Manual of Trees & Shrubs, 5th ed.. David & Charles, Newton Abbot. 6. ^Plants For A Future: Tilia heterophylla 7. ^International Dendrology Society. Tilia mexicana. Trees and Shrubs online. [1] 8. ^Johnson, O. (ed.). (2011). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London. {{ISBN|978-1842464526}} 7 : Flora of the Appalachian Mountains|Trees of the Eastern United States|Trees of the Northeastern United States|Trees of the Southeastern United States|Flora of Virginia|Trees of Mexico|Plants described in 1768 |
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