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词条 Timeline of asexual history
释义

  1. Timeline

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. Further reading

  5. External links

This is a timeline of asexual history worldwide. The briefness of this timeline can be attributed to the fact that acceptance of asexuality as a sexual orientation and field of scientific research is still relatively new.[1][2][3]

Timeline

  • 1869: Karl-Maria Kertbeny uses the word "Monosexuals" to refer to people who only masturbate. While not really a distinction in modern asexual discourse, it is similar to other categories coined such as "autoerotic" and "asexual" people described by Myra Jonson in the 1970s, among others.[4]
  • 1896: A German sexologist, Magnus Hirschfeld wrote the pamphlet "Sappo und Sokrates," which mentions people without any sexual desire.[4][5]
  • 1948: The Kinsey scale included a "group x" for those who did not feel sexual attraction, which was roughly 1% of those surveyed.[6]
  • 1969: Anton Szandor LaVey in his book The Satanic Bible references asexuals and asexuality, specifically stating that "Satanism condones any type of sexual activity which properly satisfies your individual desires - be it heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, or even asexual".[7]
  • 1973: Activists at Barnard College were pictured to include "asexual" on a board advocating to "choose your own label" and had their picture featured in Vol. 3, No. 6 of off our backs.[8] The picture was intended to be released in the previous article which described asexuality to be "an orientation that regards a partner as nonessential to sex, and sex as nonessential to a satisfying relationship."[9]
  • 1974: Singer and composer David Bowie discusses asexuality in the Rolling Stone in the article "David Bowie in conversation on sexuality with William S. Burroughs by Craig Copetas in the Rolling Stone February 28, 1974".
  • 1977: Myra Jonson wrote one of the first academic papers about asexuality as part of The Sexually Oppressed.[10] Johnson mainly focused on the problems still facing asexual women as they were ignored, or seemingly left behind by the sexual revolution going on.
  • 1979: In a study published in Advances in the Study of Affect, vol. 5, Michael D. Storms of the University of Kansas outlined his own reimagining of the Kinsey scale, using only fantasizing and eroticism, and placing hetero-eroticism and homo-eroticism on separate axes rather than at two ends of a single scale; this allows for a distinction between bisexuality (exhibiting both hetero- and homo-eroticism in degrees comparable to hetero- or homosexuals, respectively) and asexuality (exhibiting a level of homo-eroticism comparable to a heterosexual and a level of hetero-eroticism comparable to a homosexual, namely, little to none). This type of scale accounted for asexuality for the first time.[11] Storms conjectured that many researchers following Kinsey's model could be mis-categorizing asexual subjects as bisexual, because both were simply defined by a lack of preference for gender in sexual partners.[12][13]
  • 1983: The first study that gave empirical data about asexuals was published in 1983 by Paula Nurius, concerning the relationship between sexual orientation and mental health.[14]
  • 1993: Boston Marriages: Romantic but Asexual Relationships Among Contemporary Lesbians by Esther D. Rothblum and Kathleen A. Brehony was released on November 17, 1993.
  • 2001: David Jay founded the Asexual Visibility and Education Network (AVEN), which became the most prolific and well-known of the various asexual communities that started to form since the advent of the World Wide Web and social media.[15][16]
  • 2002: New York Passes the Sexual Orientation Non-Discrimination Act, which is the first, and currently only piece of legislation that mentions asexuality in the world.[17]
  • 2004: The New Scientist dedicates an issue to asexuality.
  • 2004: Discovery dedicates an episode of "The Sex Files" to asexuality.
  • 2005: L'amour sans le faire by Geraldin Levi Rich Jones (Joosten van Vilsteren) is released. The first book on asexuality. Geraldin was at the head of the asexual movement, launching "The Official Asexual Society" in 2000 and performing asexual comedy shows. She also was a prominent face in the early '00's asexual media boom.
  • 2005: A common symbol for the asexual community is a black ring worn on the middle finger of the right hand. The material and exact design of the ring are not important as long as it is primarily black. This symbol started on AVEN in 2005.[18]
  • 2009: AVEN members participated in the first asexual entry into an American pride parade when they walked in the San Francisco Pride Parade.[19]
  • 2010: A flag was announced as the asexual pride flag.[20] The asexual pride flag consists of four horizontal stripes: black, grey, white, and purple from top to bottom.[21][22][23][24]
  • 2010: Asexual Awareness Week was founded by Sara Beth Brooks in 2010.[25] It occurs in the later half of October, and was created to both celebrate asexual, aromantic, demisexual, and grey-asexual pride and promote awareness.[26]
  • 2012: The first International Asexual Conference was held at the 2012 World Pride in London.[27]
  • 2013: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition changed the diagnosis of hypoactive sexual desire disorder conditions to include an exception for people who self identify as asexual.[28]
  • 2014: The Invisible Orientation: An Introduction to Asexuality, by Julie Sondra Decker, was published; it was the first mainstream published book on the subject of asexuality.
  • 2015: George Norman became Britain's first openly asexual parliamentary election candidate.[29]

See also

  • LGBT timeline
  • Outline of LGBT topics

References

1. ^{{cite book|author=Katherine M. Helm|title=Hooking Up: The Psychology of Sex and Dating|isbn=1610699513|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2015|page=32|accessdate=January 4, 2017|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3K9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA32}}
2. ^{{cite journal|last=Prause |first=Nicole |author2=Cynthia A. Graham |date=August 2004 |url=http://www.kinseyinstitute.org/publications/PDF/PrauseGrahamPDF.pdf |title=Asexuality: Classification and Characterization |journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior |volume=36 |pages=341–356 |accessdate=31 August 2007 |doi=10.1007/s10508-006-9142-3 |format=PDF |pmid=17345167 |issue=3 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927014407/http://www.kinseyinstitute.org/publications/PDF/PrauseGrahamPDF.pdf |archivedate=27 September 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
3. ^{{cite journal|last=Melby|first=Todd|title=Asexuality gets more attention, but is it a sexual orientation?|journal=Contemporary Sexuality|date=November 2005|volume=39|issue=11|pages=1, 4–5 | issn = 1094-5725|url = http://www.apositive.org/wordpress_backup/?page_id=222|accessdate=6 February 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106135903/http://www.apositive.org/wordpress_backup/?page_id=222 |archivedate=6 November 2015 |via=the Wayback Machine | postscript =   The journal currently does not have a website}}
4. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://acinghistory.wordpress.com/2015/03/24/what-is-asexual-history-part-two-the-19th-and-20th-century-2/|title=What is asexual history? Part Two: the 19th and 20th century|date=2015-03-24|work=Acing History|access-date=2018-06-18|language=en-US}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.asexuality.org/en/topic/98639-indirect-mentions-of-asexuality-in-magnus-hirschfelds-books/|title=(indirect) mentions of asexuality in Magnus Hirschfeld's books|website=Asexual Visibility and Education Network|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-18}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.kinseyinstitute.org/research/publications/kinsey-scale.php|title=Prevalance of Homosexuality study|website=www.kinseyinstitute.org|access-date=2018-06-18}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/stream/pdfy-S7Va9xWFV5XFybhK/The%20Satanic%20Bible_djvu.txt|title=Full text of 'The Satanic Bible'}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25783532|title=off our backs Vol. 3, No. 6 (February/March 1973), p. 7}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25771710|title=off our backs Vol. 3, No. 5 (January 1973), p. 6}}
10. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2543043|title=The sexually oppressed|date=1977|publisher=Association Press|others=Gochros, Harvey L., Gochros, Jean S.|isbn=0809619156|location=New York|oclc=2543043}}
11. ^{{cite book|author=Karli June Cerankowski |author2=Megan Milks|title=Asexualities: Feminist and Queer Perspectives|isbn=1-134-69253-6|publisher=Routledge|year=2014|page=113|accessdate=January 4, 2017|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XbgTAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT113}}
12. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1037/0022-3514.38.5.783 | last1 = Storms | first1 = Michael D. | year = 1980 | title = Theories of Sexual Orientation | journal = Journal of Personality and Social Psychology | volume = 38 | issue = 5| pages = 783–792 | url = http://www.williamapercy.com/wiki/images/Theories_of_sexual_orientation.pdf }}
13. ^Storms, M. D. (1979). Sexual orientation and self-perception. ed. Pliner, Patricia et al. Advances in the Study of Communication and Affect. Volume 5: Perception of Emotion in Self and Others Plenum Press
14. ^{{cite book|author=Elisabetta Ruspini|author2=Megan Milks|title=Diversity in family life|isbn=1447300939|publisher=Policy Press|year=2013|pages=35–36|accessdate=January 4, 2017|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AjMbAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA35}}
15. ^{{cite book|editor=Marshall Cavendish|title=Sex and Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVDZchwkIMEC&pg=PA82|accessdate=27 July 2013|volume=2|year=2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-7906-2|pages=82–83|contribution=Asexuality}}
16. ^{{cite web |first=Rosie|last= Swash|title=Among the asexuals|publisher=The Guardian|date=February 25, 2012|accessdate=February 2, 2013|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2012/feb/26/among-the-asexuals}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?default_fld=&leg_video=&bn=A01971&term=2001&Summary=Y&Floor Votes=Y&Text=Y|title=New York State Assembly {{!}} Bill Search and Legislative Information|website=assembly.state.ny.us|language=en|access-date=2018-06-19}}
18. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.asexuality.org/en/topic/76607-black-rings-and-other-ways-to-show-asexual-pride/|title=Black rings and other ways to show asexual pride|website=Asexual Visibility and Education Network|language=en-US|access-date=2018-01-01}}
19. ^{{cite web|first=Rufus|last=Anneli|title= Stuck. Asexuals at the Pride Parade.|publisher=Psychology Today|date=June 22, 2009|accessdate=July 15, 2013|url=http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/stuck/200906/asexuals-the-pride-parade}}
20. ^{{cite web|authors=Money & Politics |url=http://recultured.com/uncategorized/09/asexuality-redefining-love-and-sexuality/ |title=Asexuality – Redefining Love and Sexuality |publisher=recultured |date=9 January 2012 |accessdate=7 August 2012}}
21. ^{{cite book |last1=Bilić |first1=Bojan |last2=Kajinić |first2=Sanja |title=Intersectionality and LGBT Activist Politics: Multiple Others in Croatia and Serbia | publisher=Springer | date=2016 |pages=95–96}}
22. ^{{cite book |last1=Decker |first1=Julie |title=The Invisible Orientation: An Introduction to Asexuality | publisher=Skyhorse}}
23. ^{{cite web |title=Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transexual: Symbols |url=https://www.odu.edu/life/diversity/resources/lgbtqa/symbols |publisher=Old Dominion University}}
24. ^{{cite web |title=Asexual |url=http://www.lgbt.ucla.edu/Campus-Resources/Asexual |publisher=UCLA Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Resource center}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asexualawarenessweek.com/prerelease/About.html |title=Kause |publisher=Asexualawarenessweek.com |date= |accessdate=2017-09-04}}
26. ^{{cite web|title = AAW - About Us|url = http://asexualawarenessweek.com/about.html|website = asexualawarenessweek.com|accessdate = 2016-01-03}}
27. ^{{cite book|author=Shira Tarrant|title=Gender, Sex, and Politics: In the Streets and Between the Sheets in the 21st Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t6nwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT278|date=19 June 2015|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-81475-7|pages=278–}}
28. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/939462742|title=DSM-5 seishin shikkan no shindan tokei manyuaru.|date=2014|publisher=医学書院|others=American Psychiatric Association., Takahashi, saburo., Ono, yutaka., Someya, toshiyuki., Kanba, shigenobu., Ozaki, norio.|isbn=9784260019071|oclc=939462742}}
29. ^{{cite web|last=Eden |first=Nellie |url=http://elle.in/culture/dating-as-asexual/ |title=What is it really like to date as an asexual? | Elle India |publisher=Elle.in |date=2017-02-15 |accessdate=2017-09-04}}

Further reading

  • Understanding Asexuality
  • Asexuality and Sexual Normativity: An Anthology

External links

  • https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/04/life-without-sex-the-third-phase-of-the-asexuality-movement/254880/
{{LGBT history}}

3 : Asexuality|LGBT timelines|Sexual orientation-related lists
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