| 释义 |
- Prior to 20th century
- 20th century
- 21st century
- See also
- References
- Bibliography
- External links
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Meknes, Morocco. {{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}Prior to 20th century{{History of Morocco}}- 40 CE - Romans in power in Volubilis.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
- 217 CE - Caracallas Victory Arch erected (approximate date) in Volubilis.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
- 285 CE - Volubilis "abandoned by the Roman military;" Berber Baqates subsequently rise to power.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
- 10th century CE - Zenata Berber Miknasa settle in area (approximate date).{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1140/1141 - Siege of Meknes by forces of Abd al-Mu'min begins (approximate date).{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1150 - Siege of Meknes ends; Almohads sack town.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1170s - Al-Najjarin mosque minaret built.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1236/1237 - Marinids occupy Meknes.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1245/1246 - Marinid governor killed.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 13th century: "Aqueduct, several bridges, a kasbah, mosques" and madrasas ('Attaririn, Filala, Jadida) built.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}[1]
- 1345 - Bou Inania Madrasa (Meknes) (school) built (approximate date).[2]
- 15th century: Maraboutic zawiya established.[1]
- 1526 - Death of religious leader Mohamed ben Issa.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1640 - {{illm|Zaouïa de Dila|fr|lt=Dila}} in power.[2]
- 1672 - "Mulay Ismail makes Meknes the capital of the kingdom and starts work on his royal fortress complete with palaces, granaries, lakes and stables."[3]
- 1703 - {{illm|Mulay Ismail Mausoleum|fr|Mausolée de Moulay Ismaïl}} construction begins.
- 1727 - Death of Mulay Ismail.
- 1732/1733 - Madinat al-Riyad demolished.[1]
- 1755 - Earthquake.[1]
- 1832 - French artist Delacroix visits Meknes.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
- 1882 - {{illm|Palais Dar Jamaï|fr}} (palace) construction begins.[4]
- 1889 - Bab Dar al-Makhzen (gate) built.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}(fr)
20th century- 1902 - Population: 20,000 (estimate).{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1911 - French military under {{illm|Charles Émile Moinier|fr|lt=Moinier}} take Meknes during the French conquest of Morocco.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1913 - Dar El Bachaouate built.[4]
- 1914 - École française de Meknès (school) organized.
- 1918 - Military school founded.
- 1926 - Dar Jamai museum established.[5]
- 1937 - Anti-French unrest.[6]{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1942 - {{illm|École nationale d'agriculture de Meknès|fr}} (school) founded.
- 1947 - {{illm|Chambre de Commerce d'industrie et de services au Maroc|fr|Chambre de Commerce d'industrie et de services au Maroc|lt=Meknes Chamber of Commerce and Industry}} founded.[7]
- 1951 - Population: 140,380.[8]
- 1960 - Population: 175,943.[9]
- 1962
- Stade d'Honneur (stadium) opens.
- COD Meknès (football club) formed.
- 1967 - June: Ethnic unrest.[6]
- 1973 - Population: 244,520.[10]
- 1982 - {{illm|Faculté des sciences de Meknès|fr}} (college) established.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
- 1989 - Moulay Ismail University founded.
- 1994 - Population: 443,214.[11]
- 1996 - City historic centre designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- 1997 - {{illm|École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers (Meknes)|fr|École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers (Meknès)|lt=École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers}} (school) established.
21st century- 2003 - Aboubakr Belkora becomes mayor.[12]
- 2004 - Population: 536,322.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 2005 - Hassan Aourid becomes governor.[2]
- 2007 - Wine festival held.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
- 2009 - {{illm|Ahmed Hilal|fr}} becomes mayor.
- 2010 - 19 February: Collapse of minaret of Bab Berdieyinne Mosque; dozens of fatalities.
- 2014 - Population: 685,408 (estimate).[13]
- 2015
- Abdallah Bouanou becomes mayor.[14]
- City becomes part of the Fès-Meknès administrative region.
See also- Meknes history (fr)
- Timelines of other cities in Morocco: Casablanca, Fes, Marrakesh, Rabat, {{illm|Timeline of Salé|fr|Chronologie de Salé|lt=Salé}}, Tangier
- {{illm|Timeline of Morocco|fr|Chronologie du Maroc}}
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author1=Aomar Boum|author2=Thomas K. Park|title=Historical Dictionary of Morocco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=glgzDAAAQBAJ |edition=3rd |year=2016|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-4422-6297-3}}
2. ^1 {{cite book|author= Hsain Ilahiane |title=Historical Dictionary of the Berbers (Imazighen) |year= 2006|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6490-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0E8qp_k515oC }}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.discoverislamicart.org/hcr_result.php?country=ma |title= Timeline: Morocco |work= Discoverislamicart.org |publisher=Museum With No Frontiers |location=Vienna |accessdate= 27 July 2017 }}
4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.minculture.gov.ma/fr/index.php/patrimoine2/patrimoine-materiel?id=73 |title=Médina de Meknès |work=Patrimoine matériel |publisher= {{illm|Ministry of Culture (Morocco)|ar|وزارة الثقافة (المغرب)}} |language=fr |accessdate= 27 July 2017 }}
5. ^{{citation |work=Oxford Art Online |title= Meknes |author= Marianne Barrucand |subscription=yes |accessdate= }}. Retrieved 28 July 2017
6. ^1 {{cite book|author= Susan Gilson Miller |title= History of Modern Morocco|year=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-81070-8 |chapter=Chronology |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=peGyku_eREkC }}
7. ^{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019205543/http://www.ccimeknes.ma/ccismeknes/ccis-meknes/ |url=http://www.ccimeknes.ma/ccismeknes/ccis-meknes/ |deadurl=yes |archivedate=19 October 2015 |title=Chambre de Commerce, d'Industrie et de Services de Meknès |language=fr |df= }}
8. ^{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1950_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1955 |year= |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants |pages=171–184 }}
9. ^{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1960_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1965 |year=1966 |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=140–161 }}
10. ^{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1975 |year=1976 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=253–279 }}
11. ^{{cite web |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2002.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 2002 |year= |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |title= Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }}
12. ^{{citation |url=http://www.leparisien.fr/politique/a-meknes-le-pjd-est-aux-commandes-07-09-2007-2008355825.php |title=A Meknès, le PJD est aux commandes |date= 7 September 2007 |language=fr |work=Le Parisien |location=France }}
13. ^{{cite web |url= http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2015.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 2015 |year=2016 |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |title= Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }}
14. ^{{citation |url=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/983974-meknesmairiebouanou-la-recherche-d-une-identite-pour-sa-ville |title=Meknès/Mairie Bouanou à la recherche d'une 'identité' pour sa ville |date=3 February 2016 |language=fr |work= L'Économiste |location=Casablanca }}
This article incorporates information from the Arabic Wikipedia and French Wikipedia. Bibliography{{Refbegin}}- in English
- {{cite book |author= John Windus |title=Journey to Mequinez |year= 1725
}}- {{citation |title=Jewish Encyclopedia |location=New York |author= |volume=8 |year= 1906
|chapter= Mequinez
|hdl=2027/mdp.49015002282243 |title-link=Jewish Encyclopedia }}
| title = Encyclopædia Britannica
| location = New York
| date = 1910
| edition=11th
| oclc = 14782424
| chapter = Mequinez
| chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri18chisrich#page/147/mode/1up |via=Internet Archive
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
| title-link = Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition
}}- {{citation |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |edition=2nd |year=1993
|chapter=Miknās
|title-link=Encyclopaedia of Islam }}- {{cite book |title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World |editor=C. Edmund Bosworth |editor-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |year=2007 |publisher=Koninklijke Brill |location=Leiden
|chapter= Meknes |page=395+
|ref= {{harvid|Bosworth|2007}}
}}- {{Citation |publisher = ABC-CLIO |location = Santa Barbara, US |editor2=Michael R.T. Dumper |editor1=Bruce E. Stanley |isbn=9781576079195 |chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3SapTk5iGDkC |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa |date = 2008
|chapter= Meknes |page=248+
|ref= {{harvid|Stanley|2008}}
}}- "Meknès." Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture. Ed. Jonathan M. Bloom and Sheila S. Blair. Oxford University Press, 2010
- in French
- {{cite journal |author=O. Houdas |title=Monographie de Méquinez |journal= Journal asiatique |language=fr |year=1885
}}- {{cite book |title=Au Maroc; Casablanca-Rabat-Meknes |author={{illm|Maurice de Périgny|fr}} |year= 1919 |url=https://archive.org/stream/aumaroccasablanc00pruoft#page/n11/mode/2up |language= fr
}}- {{cite book |title=Maroc pittoresque: Fès-Meknès-et-région: album de photographies |author= Laribe |display-authors=etal |language=fr |year= 1922
|chapter=Meknès |pages=72–98
|chapterurl= http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:4457291?n=154 |location=Marseille
}}- {{cite book |title=Tanger, Fés et Meknès |author= {{illm|Pierre Champion|fr|Pierre Champion (historien)}} |oclc=470064237 |location=Paris |language=fr |year= 1924
}}- {{cite book |title=Urbanisme princier en islam: Meknès et les villes royales islamiques post-médiévales |author= Marianne Barrucand |location=Paris |publisher= {{illm|Librairie orientaliste Paul Geuthner|fr}} |isbn=978-2705302375 |language=fr |year=1985
}}- {{citation |title=Bibliographie de Meknes |language=fr |year=1988
}}- {{cite book |author=Samuel Pickens |title= Maroc: Les cités impériales: Fès, Marrakech, Meknès, Rabat-Salé |isbn=9782867700750 |language=fr |location=Paris |year= 1995
}}- {{cite journal |author= {{illm|Mehdi Nabti|fr}} |title= Le mussem de Meknès: Le déclin d'une tradition spirituelle |journal= L'Homme |volume=193 |issue= 193 |pages= 137–165 |doi= 10.4000/lhomme.24352 |language=fr |via= Revues.org |year=2010
}} {{open access}} - {{cite journal |author1= Élodie Valette |author2= Patrick Dugué |title= L'urbanisation, facteur de développement ou d'exclusion de l'agriculture familiale en périphérie des villes: Le cas de la ville de Meknès, Maroc |journal={{illm|VertigO (journal)|fr|VertigO|lt=VertigO }} |volume=17 |doi= 10.4000/vertigo.18413 |language=fr |via= Revues.org |year= 2017
}} {{open access}} {{refend}}External links{{Commons category|Meknes}}- {{cite web |url= https://www.europeana.eu/portal/en/search?q=Meknes&rows=96 |title= (Meknes) |via= Europeana }} (Images, etc.)
- {{cite web |url= http://dp.la/search?page_size=100&q=Meknes+Morocco&utf8=✓ |title= (Meknes) |via= Digital Public Library of America }} (Images, etc.)
- {{cite web |url= http://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22query_string%22%3A%7B%22query%22%3A%22Mekn%C3%A8s%22%2C%22default_field%22%3A%22bibjson.title%22%2C%22default_operator%22%3A%22AND%22%7D%7D%2C%22sort%22%3A%5B%7B%22bibjson.year.exact%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22bibjson.month.exact%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%5D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A100%7D |title= (Meknès) |work=Directory of Open Access Journals |location=UK }} (Bibliography of open access {{open access}} articles)
{{Years in Morocco}}{{Fes-Boulman}}{{Timelines of cities in Africa}} 3 : Meknes|Timelines of cities in Africa|Moroccan timelines |