| 词条 | TIROS-4 |
| 释义 |
| name = TIROS-4 | image = Tiros iv.jpg | image_alt = 180px | image_caption = Image of TIROS-4. | insignia = | mission_type = Weather satellite | operator = NASA | Harvard_designation = 1962 β 1 | COSPAR_ID = 1962-002A | SATCAT = 226 | mission_duration = 6 months | spacecraft_type = TIROS | spacecraft_bus = | manufacturer = RCA Astro{{\\}}GSFC | dry_mass = | launch_mass = {{convert|129.3|kg}}[1] | dimensions = | power = | launch_date = {{start-date|February 8, 1962, 12:29|timezone=yes}} UTC[2] | launch_rocket = Thor-Delta | launch_site = Cape Canaveral LC-17A | launch_contractor = | last_contact = {{end-date|June 30, 1962}} | decay_date = | orbit_epoch = February 8, 1962[1] | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_periapsis = {{convert|712|km|mi|sp=us}}[1] | orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|840|km|mi|sp=us}}[1] | orbit_inclination = 48.3°[1] | orbit_semimajor = | orbit_eccentricity = 0.00894[1] | orbit_period = 100 minutes[1] | apsis = gee | instruments = Low Resolution Omnidirectional Radiometer Widefield Radiometer Scanning Radiometer Television Camera System | programme = TIROS | previous_mission = TIROS-3 | next_mission = TIROS-5 }} TIROS 4 (also called TIROS-D and A9) was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the fourth in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites. LaunchTIROS 4 was launched on February 8, 1962, by a Thor-Delta rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida. The spacecraft functioned nominally until June 30, 1962. The satellite orbited the Earth once every 1 hour and 30 minutes, at an inclination of 48.3°. Its perigee was {{convert|712|km|mi|sp=us}} and apogee was {{convert|840|km|mi|sp=us}}.[1] MissionThe satellite was in the form of an 18-sided right prism, 107 cm in diameter and 56 cm high. The top and sides of the spacecraft were covered with approximately 9000 1- by 2-cm silicon solar cells. It was equipped with two independent television camera subsystems for taking cloud cover pictures and three radiometers (two-channel low-resolution, omnidirectional, and five-channel scanning) for measuring radiation from the earth and its atmosphere. The satellite spin rate was maintained between 8 and 12 rpm by the use of five diametrically opposed pairs of small solid-fuel thrusters. The TIROS-4 spin axis could be oriented to within 1° to 2° accuracy by use of a magnetic control device consisting of 250 cores of wire wound around the outer surface of the spacecraft. The interaction between the induced magnetic field in the spacecraft and the earth's magnetic field provided the necessary torque for attitude control. The flight control system also optimized the performance of the solar cells and television cameras and protected the 5 channel infrared radiometer from prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. With the exception of the degraded response of the 5 channel scanning radiometer, the spacecraft performed normally until May 3, 1962, when one camera failed. On June 10, 1962, the other camera's tape recorder failed. The scanning radiometer provided usable data until June 30, 1962.[3][4] References{{Portal|Spaceflight}}1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-002A|title=TIROS 4|publisher=National Space Science Data Center|accessdate=June 4, 2018}} {{PD-notice}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=June 4, 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web |title=TIROS 4 (1962-004A)|url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-004A |publisher=NASA Goddard Space Flight Center|accessdate=June 4, 2018}} 4. ^Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, Vol. 19, pags. 386-409, 1963-1964 External links
2 : Weather satellites of the United States|Spacecraft launched in 1962 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。