| 词条 | Tonaknock Cross |
| 释义 |
| name =Tonaknock Cross | native_name =Crois Thóin an Chnoic | native_name_lang =ga | alternate_name = Killahan Cross[1] | image = Tonaknock Cross.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = | map = | map_type = Ireland | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_size = | relief = | coordinates = {{coord|52.383012|-9.698287|display=inline,title}} | map_dot_label = | location = Tonaknock, Abbeydorney, County Kerry, Ireland | region = | type = high cross | part_of = | length = | width = | area = | volume = | diameter = | circumference = | height = | builder = | material = | built = c. 7th century AD | abandoned = | epochs = | cultures = | dependency_of = | occupants = | event = | excavations = | archaeologists = | condition = | ownership = | management = | public_access = | other_designation = {{Infobox designation list | designation1 =National Monument of Ireland | designation1_number = 303 | designation1_offname = Tonaknock Cross[2] | website = | notes = }}Tonaknock Cross is a high cross and National Monument located in County Kerry, Ireland.[3][4] LocationTonaknock Cross is located on the Ardfert–Lixnaw road.[5] HistoryTonaknock Abbey, a collegiate church of the Canons Regular, was established here in the 7th century; the cross was probably erected between then and the 9th century and represents an early stage in the development of the Irish high cross.[6] Local legend says the south arm was broken by a cannonball during the 16th century Desmond Rebellions. It was found buried in a field and was re-erected.[7][8] DescriptionThe cross is {{Convert|3.2|m|abbr=on}} high[9][10] and only decoration seems to be small incised circles on the west head and face. It is believed to date from the 9th century.[11] References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=AMTUAAAAMAAJ&dq=Tonaknock+Cross&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Tonaknock|title=The national monuments of the Irish Free State|first=Irish Free|last=State|date=31 August 2017|publisher=Stationery Office|via=Google Books}} 2. ^https://www.archaeology.ie/sites/default/files/media/pdf/monuments-in-state-care-kerry.pdf 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/johngabriel59/6072606235|title=IMG_2198|publisher=}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=_aUMAQAAMAAJ&q=Tonaknock+Cross&dq=Tonaknock+Cross&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwje-5DhsoLWAhXMCsAKHdoiCYoQ6AEIJzAA|title=North Kerry archaeological survey|first=Caroline|last=Toal|date=15 December 1995|publisher=Brandon|via=Google Books}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=lRjFBdR3cLgC&pg=PA145&lpg=PA145&dq=Tonaknock+Cross&source=bl&ots=ifg1RTwz5u&sig=9ddow4wk9yA4y5JN7ZevPUxz5cU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiM6ePrroLWAhUhAsAKHWbZCzY4ChDoAQg3MAQ#v=onepage&q=Tonaknock&f=false|title=Early Medieval Munster: Archaeology, History and Society|first1=Michael A.|last1=Monk|first2=John|last2=Sheehan|date=31 August 1998|publisher=Cork University Press|via=Google Books}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=IgYpAAAAYAAJ&dq=Tonaknock+Cross&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Tonaknock|title=The Antiquaries Journal|date=31 August 2017|publisher=Oxford University Press|via=Google Books}} 7. ^http://www.northkerryheritagetrails.ie/Self_Drive_Tours_files/Brochure%20Final%202013.pdf 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://homepage.tinet.ie/~abbeydorney/book/killahan.html|title=KILLAHAN|website=homepage.tinet.ie}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=jI0xAQAAIAAJ&q=Tonaknock+Cross&dq=Tonaknock+Cross&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwje-5DhsoLWAhXMCsAKHdoiCYoQ6AEINDAD|title=The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland|date=31 August 2017|publisher=The Society|via=Google Books}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=ofeEAAAAIAAJ&dq=Tonaknock+Cross&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Tonaknock|title=Discovering Kerry: Its History, Heritage & Topography|first=T. J.|last=Barrington|date=31 August 1999|publisher=Collins Press|via=Google Books}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://irishhighcrosses.com/undecorated-crosses.html|title=Undecorated Crosses - Irish High Crosses - Barney McLaughlin|first=Barney|last=McLaughlin|website=irishhighcrosses.com}} 2 : Archaeological sites in County Kerry|National Monuments in County Kerry |
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