“Toughening”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Toughening

释义

References

Toughening refers to improving the fracture resistance of a given material. Crack propagation has an associated irreversible work, which is related to a material's toughness. Designing against this crack propagation leads to toughening the material. For the case of a ductile material such as a metal, this toughness is typically proportional to the fracture stress and strain as well as the gauge length of the crack. The plane strain toughness in a metal is given by:

where

is the plane strain toughness
is a constant that incorporates the stress state
is the tensile flow stress at fracture
is the tensile fracture strain
is the gauge length of the crack

The toughness of a brittle material is typically twice the surface energy associated with the formation of the fracture surfaces.

There are several mechanisms that can be employed to toughen a given material such as limiting the initial amount of inclusions, dispersing small particles that will not initiate fracture, or the addition of plasticizers in the case of polymers.^[1]

References

1. ^Courtney, T. H. (2005). Mechanical Behavior of Materials. United States: Waveland Press, Inc.

1 : Fracture mechanics

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