| 词条 | Tourism on the Moon |
| 释义 |
TypesTourist flights would be of three types: flyby in a circumlunar trajectory, lunar orbit, and lunar landing. CostSome of the space tourism start-up companies have declared their cost for each tourist for a tour to the Moon.
Possible attractions{{See also|List of artificial objects on the Moon}}Two natural attractions would be available by circumlunar flight or lunar orbit, without landing:
Protection of lunar landmarksThe site of the first human landing on an extraterrestrial body, Tranquility Base, has been determined to have cultural and historic significance by the U.S. states of California and New Mexico, which have listed it on their heritage registers, since their laws require only that listed sites have some association with the state. Despite the location of Mission Control in Houston, Texas has not granted similar status to the site, as its historic preservation laws limit such designations to properties located within the state.[7] The U.S. National Park Service has declined to grant it National Historic Landmark status, because the Outer Space Treaty prohibits any nation from claiming sovereignty over any extraterrestrial body. It has not been proposed as a World Heritage Site since the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), which oversees that program, limits nations to submitting sites within their own borders.[7] An organization called For All Moonkind, Inc. is working to develop enforceable international protocols that will manage the protection and preservation of these and other human heritage sites in outer space. Interest in affording historical lunar landing sites some formal protection grew in the early 21st century with the announcement of the Google Lunar X Prize for private corporations to successfully build spacecraft and reach the Moon; a $1 million bonus was offered for any competitor that visited a historic site on the Moon. One team, led by Astrobotic Technology, announced it would attempt to land a craft at Tranquility Base. Although it canceled those plans, the ensuing controversy led NASA to request that any other missions to the Moon, private or governmental, human or robotic, keep a distance of at least {{convert|75|m|sp=us}} from the site.[7] A company called PTScientists plans to return to the Taurus-Littrow Valley, the site of the Apollo 17 mission landing. PTScientists is a partner of For All Moonkind, Inc. and has pledged that its mission will honor heritage preservation and abide by all relevant guidelines. Proposed missionsSpace tourism companies which have announced they are pursuing lunar tourism include Space Adventures,[8] Excalibur Almaz,[8] Virgin Galactic[2] and SpaceX.[3] The company Space Adventures has announced a planned mission, titled DSE-Alpha, to take two tourists within {{convert|100|km|nmi|sp=us|abbr=off}} of the lunar surface, using a Soyuz spacecraft piloted by a professional cosmonaut.[9] The trip would last around a week.[8] In February 2017, SpaceX announced it had accepted deposits for a private week-long flyby mission to the Moon, set for late 2018, in a Dragon 2 capsule carrying two tourists, to be launched via Falcon Heavy rocket.[10] The proposal changed in early 2018 to use the BFR system instead, and in September 2018 details were announced of what they call the DearMoon project.[11][12] Cancelled proposalsExcalibur Almaz proposed to take three tourists in a flyby around the Moon, using modified Almaz space station modules, in a low-energy trajectory flyby around the Moon. The trip would last around 6 months.[8] However, their equipment was never launched and is to be converted into an educational exhibit.[13]The Golden Spike Company was an American space transport startup active from 2010–2013. The company held the objective to offer private commercial space transportation services to the surface of the Moon. The company's website was quietly taken offline in September 2015. See also{{Portal|Moon|Spaceflight}}
References1. ^[https://dearmoon.earth/ Dear Moon]. Accessed: 17 September 2018. 2. ^1 {{cite web|last=Gilbert |first=Dave |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/12/09/tech/space-tourism/ |title=Could Virgin Galactic launch tourist trips to the Moon by 2043? – CNN.com |publisher=Edition.cnn.com |date=2013-12-09 |accessdate=2015-08-21}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.spacex.com/news/2017/02/27/spacex-send-privately-crewed-dragon-spacecraft-beyond-moon-next-year |title= SpaceX to Send Privately Crewed Dragon Spacecraft Beyond the Moon Next Year |date= February 27, 2017 |author= SpaceX |publisher= SpaceX }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/shooting-for-the-moon-time-called-on-isle-of-man-space-race-10101750.html |title=Shooting for the Moon: time called on Isle of Man space race |publisher=The Independent |date=2015-03-11 |accessdate=2017-09-11}} 5. ^{{cite web|last=Lecher |first=Colin |url=http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-12/space-tourism-company-plans-sell-trips-moon-750-million-each |title=Space-Tourism Company Is Selling Trips To The Moon For $750 Million Each | Popular Science |publisher=Popsci.com |date=2012-12-06 |accessdate=2015-08-21}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/spacetourism-company-to-offer-two-seats-to-the-moon-8392388.html |title=Space-tourism company to offer two seats to the moon – Americas – World |publisher=The Independent |date=2012-12-07 |accessdate=2015-08-21}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Chang|first=Kenneth|title=To Preserve History on the Moon, Visitors Are Asked to Tread Lightly|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/10/science/space/a-push-for-historic-preservation-on-the-moon.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 10, 2012|accessdate=January 11, 2012}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.economist.com/node/21557719 |title=Fly me to the moon |publisher=The Economist |date=2012-06-30 |accessdate=2015-08-21}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.rt.com/news/188324-space-moon-tourism-soyuz/ |title=Space tourism firm offers flight around the moon on Soyuz crafts — RT News |publisher=Rt.com |date= |accessdate=2015-08-21}} 10. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/spacex-people-moon-2018-1.4001807 |title= SpaceX to fly 2 people around the moon by next year |author= Thomson Reuters |publisher= CBC News |date= 27 February 2017 }} 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Foust|first1=Jeff|title=SpaceX no longer planning crewed missions on Falcon Heavy|url=http://spacenews.com/spacex-no-longer-planning-crewed-missions-on-falcon-heavy/|publisher=Spacenews|accessdate=February 6, 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web|last1=Pasztor|first1=Andy|title=Elon Musk Says SpaceX’s New Falcon Heavy Rocket Unlikely to Carry Astronauts|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musk-says-spacexs-new-falcon-heavy-rocket-unlikely-to-carry-astronauts-1517876582?mod=rss_Technology|publisher=Wall Street Journal|accessdate=6 February 2018}} 13. ^{{cite news|last1=Owen|first1=Jonathan|title=Shooting for the Moon: time called on Isle of Man space race|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/shooting-for-the-moon-time-called-on-isle-of-man-space-race-10101750.html|accessdate=19 April 2017|work=The Independent|date=11 March 2015}} External links{{wikivoyage|Moon}}
3 : Moon|Space tourism|Tourism on Moon |
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