1. References

In the aftermath of World War I, Turks strove to prove to Western nations that they were equals and at this time this carried not only historical connotations, but racial ones. The Turkish History Thesis created a third alternative to the existing narratives that Greece and/or Mesopotamia were the "cradle" of Western civilization, but the thesis itself rested on a spurious intellectual foundation by claiming Hittite ancestry through a convoluted logic that rested on a theory of Central Asian Aryan origin that was being promoted by some European writers of the era. The thesis insisted on a common racial origin for all Turkish people who had created a great civilization in their Central Asian homeland in prehistoric times and have since preserved the same language and racial characteristics. According to the thesis, Turks had originally migrated from Central Asia to China and then India, founding the civilizations of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, continuing to diverse parts of the world.^[3]

The thesis pushed a view that Turks were racially what was called "brachycephalic", and thus racially similar to other Central Europeans. The internal contradictions of the Turkish History Thesis became more pronounced in later decades as Colonel Kurtcebe sought to raise modern Turks awareness of their connection to Central Asia and the Mongols. He believed that an emphasis on Western-style historical education had caused Turks to be uninterested in Mongolian history. This produced a confused doctrine where military publications had to maintain the Turkish History Thesis' connection with European races, but at the same time promote an image of a military superior to Western powers with roots in a mythic Central Asian past.^[4]

The thesis was based on the book Türk Tarihinin Ana Hatlirin (The Mainlines of Turkish History), published by the Committee for the Study of the Turkish History 1930, becoming a "state dogma",^[5] and later included in school textbooks.^[6][7] The Thesis was made known to the public during the First Turkish Historical Congress between 2 - 11 July 1932.^[8] During Atatürks Government scholars were encouraged that the findings of their studies in history and social sciences be in line with the Turkish Historical Thesis and the Sun Language Theory.^[9] The Turkish Historical Thesis is connected with the Sun Language Theory published in 1935 which stipulates that all languages have their origin from the Turkish language.^[10] Prominent scholars like Nihal Atsız, who challenged the Turkish Historical Thesis lost their work at the University.^[11]

References

• Max Kobelt
• Max Koner
• Max Korus
• Max Kougere
• Max Kremer
• Max Krochmal
• Max Kroger
• Max Krul
• Max Kuess
• Max Kulke
• Max Kuss
• Max Kyuss
• Maxlab Entertainments
• Max Lachowecki
• Max Lagace
• Max Lamb
• Max Lamshed
• Max Landis (basketball)
• Max Landsberg
• Max Laserson
• Max Laumeister
• Max Lawrence (actor)
• Max Lazerson
• Max L. Birnstiel
• Max Leenhardt