| 词条 | Tusheti National Park | |||
| 释义 |
| name = Tusheti National Park | iucn_category = II | photo = Tushethi5.jpg | photo_caption = Tusheti National Park | map = Georgia#Georgia Kakheti | relief = 1 | location = {{flag|Georgia}} | nearest_city = Tusheti | coordinates = {{coords|42|24|36|N|45|29|13|E|display=inline, title}} | area_acre = 206220 | area_km2 = | area_ref = | established = 2003 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = Agency of Protected Areas | website = {{url|http://apa.gov.ge/en/protected-areas/cattestone/tushetis-daculi-teritoriebis-administracia}} }} The Tusheti National Park in eastern Georgia is one of the eight new protected areas approved by Parliament of Georgia on 22 April 2003.[1] The Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the World Bank were part of this approval process under the "Georgia – Protected Areas Development Project". Plants conserved in the park are pine groves (Pinus sosnowskyi)[2] [3] and birch groves (Betula litwinowii and Betula raddeana). The Tusheti Protected Areas includes Tusheti National Park, Tusheti Protected Landscape and Tusheti Strict Nature Reserve with total protected area about 113,660.2 ha.[4] The key faunal species in the park are the Anatolian leopard (Panthera pardus ambornii), bear, chamois, falcon, golden eagle, lammergeyer, lynx, mountain goat, wild goat and wolf.[5] The park was named one of the "12 best places you’ve never heard of" by BudgetTravel in 2011 not only for its rich biodiversity but also for its aesthetic terrain, hamlets, old defense towers, cuisine, and folk culture.[6] LocationThe park is set in the Tusheti Mountainous region in the north-eastern part of the country. It is {{Convert|205|km}} away from Tbilisi with the en route Alvani lying {{Convert|120|km}} away. Omalo-Alvani highway of {{Convert|85|km}} length is in a hilly terrain and is difficult to drive. The visitor center to the parks and reserves of Tusheti is located along the {{Convert|85|km}} of the main watershed ridge of Caucasus in lower Omalo.[7] Its ecoregion is that of the Caucasus mixed forests.[8] FeaturesThe park has an approved land area of {{Convert|83453 |ha}},[5] which lies within an elevation range of {{Convert|900|-|4800|m}}.[9] The main functions of the park administration are to provide protection and conserve the flora and fauna of the park concurrently supporting the interests of the 50 nomadic communities, and achieving conservation of the linked historic monuments; and also to encourage eco-tourism.[10] For the endangered wild goat (Capra aegagrus) the park is the only intact habitat. To protect this species from poaching and enable its viewing in the park by visitors, the Centre for Biodiversity Conservation & Research (NACRES), an IUCN member, carried out a pilot project titled "viewing potential" by monitoring the "risks and benefits to conservation and the cost of setting up and operation of wildlife viewing trails." The local partners associated with this study were Tusheti Guide and Friends of Tusheti Protected Areas. A wild goat monitoring scheme was established, and local guides, park rangers and local groups were trained to ensure protection to the wild goat. The project has proved successful as more visitors could view the goat now, and NACRES is continuing its support.[6] FaunaIn Tusheti National Park, there are seven mammals, ten birds and one fish which are on the Georgia Red List.[11] Mammals are represented by otter, brown bear, wild goat, tur, deer and barbastelle. Birds, including some rare species, are common in the park. They include the imperial eagle, greater spotted eagle, lesser kestrel, corncrake, steppe eagle, black kite, vulture, Montagu's harrier, Caucasian grouse and Caucasian snowcock. Trout is the only one species of fish on the list.[11] GallerySee also
References1. ^[https://www.protectedplanet.net/tusheti-national-park Tusheti in Georgia] Protected Planet {{Protected areas of Georgia (country)}}2. ^Pinus sylvestris (sosnowskyi) 3. ^Pinus sylvestris var. hamata Steven 4. ^Tusheti protected area, Georgia 5. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.tusheti.ge/|title=Tushetian Protected Landscape|accessdate=23 November 2015|publisher= tusheti.ge}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://iucn.org/about/union/secretariat/offices/europe/?11605/Wildlife-viewing-in-Georgias-Tusheti-National-Park|title=Wildlife viewing in Georgia's Tusheti National Park|date=5 December 2012 |accessdate=23 November 2015|publisher=IUCN Organization}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://apa.gov.ge/en/eco-tourism/vizitorTa-centrebi/TuSeTis-daculi-teritoriebi|title=Tusheti National Park Visitor Centre|accessdate=23 November 2015|publisher= Agency of Protected Areas}} 8. ^{{WWF ecoregion |name=Caucasus mixed forests |id=pa0408}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.georgia-insight.eu/georgien/naturschutzgebiete.html|title=Naturschutzgebiete & Nationalparks|language=German|accessdate=23 November 2015|publisher=Georgia Insight }} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://planetdoc.tv/documentary-georgia-tusheti-national-reserve|title=Georgia: Tusheti Natural Reserve|accessdate=23 November 2015|publisher=Planet Doc TV}} 11. ^1 Biodiversity of Tusheti Protected areas 4 : National parks of Georgia (country)|Protected areas established in 2003|Geography of Kakheti|Tourist attractions in Kakheti |
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