| 词条 | Upper San Leandro Reservoir |
| 释义 |
| name = Upper San Leandro Reservoir | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = | alt = | caption = | pushpin_map = California | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | image_bathymetry = | alt_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | location = San Leandro, California | coordinates = {{coord|37|46|33|N|122|07|03|W|region:CA_type:waterbody|display =inline,title}}[1] | type = | inflow = | rivers = | outflow = San Leandro Creek | catchment = {{convert|21.5|mi2|km2|abbr=on}} | basin_countries = | agency = East Bay Municipal Utility District | designation = | date-flooded = 1926 | length = {{convert|6|mi|km|abbr=on}} | width = | area = {{convert|620|acre|ha|abbr=on}} | depth = | max-depth = | volume = {{convert|42000|acre feet|m3|abbr=on}}[2] | residence_time = | salinity = | shore = | elevation = {{convert|459|ft|m|abbr=on}}[1] | temperature_high = | temperature_low = | frozen = | islands = | sections = | islands_category = | trenches = | benches = | cities = | website = | reference = }} Upper San Leandro Reservoir is an artificial lake in Alameda County and Contra Costa County, California which provides water for the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD). It is impounded by the earth-filled San Leandro Dam on San Leandro Creek, located at the southeast end of the lake. Although it receives some runoff from its local watershed, most of the water is imported via the Mokelumne Aqueduct. The reservoir has a capacity of about {{convert|42000|acre feet|m3}},[2] though its normal volume is about {{convert|30250|acre feet|m3}}.[3] The reservoir name includes "Upper" to distinguish it from Lake Chabot, several miles downstream, which was originally known as "Lower San Leandro Reservoir". The reservoir was originally formed in 1926 when the first San Leandro Dam was completed, and it was first filled by the Mokelumne Aqueduct in 1929.[4] It inundated a long section of the San Leandro Creek valley, including the towns of Valle Vista and Redwood. The original dam was constructed between 1924 and 1926 using the hydraulic fill method and was considered seismically inadequate.[5] A new earth-filled dam was constructed in 1977, directly downstream of the old one, to provide protection against earthquakes.[6] The new dam is {{convert|182|ft|m}} high and {{convert|1300|ft|m}} long, containing {{convert|88890|yd3|m3}} of material.[2] Tributaries that flow into the lake include San Leandro, Moraga, King Canyon, Kaiser, and Redwood Creeks.[7] The reservoir and its feeder streams have a population of landlocked rainbow trout whose migration to San Francisco Bay was blocked by the dam.[8] The reservoir is closed to boating and fishing, in order to protect water quality. However, there is a public trail system surrounding the lake.[6] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite gnis|id=236920|name=Upper San Leandro Reservoir|entrydate=1981-01-19|accessdate=2017-01-11}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://npdp.stanford.edu/dams_database|title=National Performance of Dams Database|publisher=Stanford University|accessdate=2017-01-12}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/profile?s=USL&type=res|title=Upper San Leandro|publisher=California Department of Water Resources|work=California Data Exchange Center|date=|accessdate=2017-01-12}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ebmud.com/about-us/who-we-are/mission-and-history/|title=History|publisher=East Bay Municipal Utility District|accessdate=2017-01-12}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Jansen, R.B.|title=Advanced Dam Engineering for Design, Construction, and Rehabilitation|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=1988|isbn=0-44224-397-9|pages=247–249|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mi5w01UByyoC&pg=PA247}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.sanleandro.org/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BlobID=22976|title=Chapter 4.8 Hydrology and Water Quality|publisher=City of San Leandro|work=San Leandro Shoreline Development Draft EIR|date=|accessdate=2017-01-12}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.acfloodcontrol.org/resources/explore-watersheds/san-leandro-creek-watershed/|title=San Leandro Creek Watershed|publisher=Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District|date=|accessdate=2017-01-11}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://online.sfsu.edu/jerry/geo_642/studentProjects/2003/SanLeandroCreek/San%20Leandro%20Creek.Mariscal.pdf|title=San Leandro Creek Watershed - Focusing on the Lower Watershed beyond the Chabot Reservoir|publisher=San Francisco State University|author=Mariscal, Alicia|date=2003-05-13|accessdate=2017-01-12}} 4 : Reservoirs in Alameda County, California|Reservoirs in Contra Costa County, California|1926 establishments in California|East Bay Municipal Utility District |
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