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词条 Variable fonts
释义

  1. Technology

  2. Adoption

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}OpenType variable fonts are an extension to the OpenType specification, introduced in OpenType 1.8.[1][1][2] On 14 September 2016, Adobe, Apple, Google, and Microsoft announced the technology, which allows a single font file to store a continuous range of design variants.[3][4][5][6]

Technology

OpenType variable fonts are an adaptation of Apple's TrueType GX font variations to OpenType, with integration into key aspects of the OpenType format including OpenType Layout tables and both TrueType and CFF glyph outline formats. It also surpasses TrueType GX by providing better interoperability between different fonts and between variable fonts and font-formatting specification such as are found in Cascading Style Sheets. The technology allows software to access any design instance for a continuous range of designs defined within the font. When a specific design instance has been selected, the glyph outlines or other data values for that design instance are computed as font data is being processed during text layout and rasterization.

The technology uses interpolation and extrapolation mechanisms that have been supported in font-development tools and used by font designers for many years.[7] In that paradigm, the font designer creates a variable design, but then chooses specific instances to generate as static, non-variable fonts that get distributed to customers. With variable fonts, however, the font produced and distributed by the font designer can have built-in variability, and the interpolation mechanisms can now be built into operating systems and Web browsers or other applications, with specific design instances selected at time of use.

One of the key benefits of the technology is that it can significantly reduce the combined size of font data whenever multiple styles are in use. On the Web, this may allow a site to use more font styles while at the same time reducing page load times. A further benefit is that it give access to a continuous range of style variations, which can provide benefits for responsive design.

The technology has been compared to Adobe's multiple master fonts (MM fonts) technology, also from the 1990s, which used on-the-fly generation of font designs from master files by interpolation and extrapolation.[8][9][10][11] Multiple master fonts, however, required the user to generate a specific "instance" of the font for particular variation-axis values before it could be used. This is not required for OpenType variable fonts, however: named or arbitrary design instances can be selected and used on demand.

Adoption

In Windows 10, version 1709, Microsoft introduced the first variable font in Windows: the "Bahnschrift" font, which is a digitisation of DIN 1451.[12][13]

Adobe Creative Cloud 2018 version, released 18 October 2017, includes support for variable fonts in Photoshop[14] and Illustrator[15] and includes variable concept versions of the fonts Acumin, Minion, Myriad, Source Code, Source Sans, and Source Serif.

See also

  • TrueType

References

1. ^{{cite web|last1=Phinney|first1=Thomas|title=Variable Fonts Are the Next Generation|url=https://www.commarts.com/columns/variable-fonts-are-the-next-generation|website=Communication Arts|accessdate=20 September 2017}}
2. ^{{cite web|last1=Phinney|first1=Thomas|title=The Lesson of Color Fonts for Variable Fonts|url=http://www.thomasphinney.com/2016/09/color-fonts-lesson-for-variable/|website=thomasphinney.com|accessdate=20 September 2017}}
3. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/Typography/FontVariationsAnnouncement.aspx|title=Introducing OpenType Font Variations|website=www.microsoft.com}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://drafts.csswg.org/css-fonts-4/|title=CSS Fonts Module Level 4|website=drafts.csswg.org}}
5. ^{{cite web|last1=Nieskens|first1=Roel|title=Variable Fonts: the Future of (Web) Type|url=http://typographica.org/on-typography/variable-fonts/|website=Typographica|accessdate=31 October 2016}}
6. ^{{cite web|last1=Hudson|first1=John|title=Introducing OpenType Variable Fonts|url=https://medium.com/@tiro/https-medium-com-tiro-introducing-opentype-variable-fonts-12ba6cd2369#.josnafajq|website=Medium|publisher=Tiro Typeworks|accessdate=31 October 2016}}
7. ^{{cite web|last1=Griscti|first1=Jessica|title=Jess Loves Interpolation|url=http://www.alphabettes.org/jess-loves-interpolation/|website=Alphabettes|accessdate=15 May 2016}}
8. ^{{cite book|title=Designing Multiple Master Typefaces|date=1997|publisher=Adobe Systems|location=San José|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050128015956/https://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/font/5091.Design_MM_Fonts.pdf|accessdate=20 September 2017}}
9. ^{{cite web|last1=Riggs|first1=Tamye|title=The Adobe Originals Silver Anniversary Story|url=http://blog.typekit.com/2014/07/30/the-adobe-originals-silver-anniversary-story-how-the-originals-endured-in-an-ever-changing-industry/|website=Typekit blog|publisher=Adobe|accessdate=2 July 2015}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=The Adobe Originals Silver Anniversary Story: Expanding the Originals|url=http://blog.typekit.com/2014/06/30/the-adobe-originals-silver-anniversary-story-expanding-the-originals/|website=Typekit|publisher=Adobe Systems|accessdate=8 January 2016}}
11. ^{{cite web|last1=Phinney|first1=Thomas|title=Font Remix Tools (RMX) and Multiple Master Fonts in type design|url=http://www.thomasphinney.com/2010/03/font-remix-tools-rmx-and-multiple-master-fonts-in-type-design/|publisher=Phinney|accessdate=4 July 2015}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Introducing the Bahnschrift font|url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2017/08/23/announcing-windows-10-insider-preview-build-16273-pc/|website=Windows Blog|publisher=Microsoft|accessdate=28 August 2017}}
13. ^{{cite web|last1=Protalinski|first1=Emil|title=Microsoft releases new Windows 10 preview with shell, Edge, and input improvements|url=https://venturebeat.com/2017/08/23/microsoft-releases-new-windows-10-preview-with-shell-edge-and-input-improvements/|website=VentureBeat|accessdate=28 August 2017}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/photoshop/using/whats-new.html#Variablefonts|title=New features summary {{pipe}} October 2017 release of Photoshop CC|accessdate=19 October 2017}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/illustrator/using/whats-new.html#Variablefonts|title=New features summary {{pipe}} October 2017 release of Illustrator CC|accessdate=19 October 2017}}

External links

  • [https://webkit.org/blog/7051/variable-fonts-on-the-web/ Variable Fonts on the Web]
  • [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fonts/Variable_Fonts_Guide Variable fonts guide]
  • [https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/testdrive/demos/variable-fonts/ Variable Fonts Demo]
  • [https://medium.com/@tiro/https-medium-com-tiro-introducing-opentype-variable-fonts-12ba6cd2369 Introducing OpenType Variable Fonts]
  • From TrueType GX to Variable Fonts
  • Variable Fonts: the Future of (Web) Type

4 : Adobe Inc.|Font formats|Typefaces and fonts introduced in 2016|Typesetting
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