| 词条 | Anfesta |
| 释义 |
| name = Anfesta stankovskii | image = Anfesta_stankovskii.JPG | fossil_range = Ediacaran, around {{fossil range|555}} | parent_authority = Fedonkin, 1984 | taxon = Anfesta stankovskii | authority = Fedonkin, 1984 }} Anfesta stankovskii is a tri-radially symmetrical fossil animal that lived in the late Ediacaran (Vendian) seafloor. It is a member of the extinct group Trilobozoa. EtymologyThe generic and specific names of the Anfesta stankovskii honour the Arkhangel'sk geologist Anatoliy F. Stankovskii. OccurrenceFossils of Anfesta stankovskii are known from deposits of the Verkhovka and Yorga formations on the Karakhta River in Onega Peninsula and Zimnii Bereg (Winter Coast) of the White Sea, Arkhangelsk Region, Russia.[1][2] DescriptionAnfesta fossils are preserved as low negative impressions on the lower surfaces of sandstone beds. The fossil has a round, three-lobed form bounded by a linear outer margin. Its surface is covered by dendritic furrows that branch out from three radial oval ridges in the center to the outer margin of the fossil. The lobes are regular in form, and are not twisted as in Albumares and Tribrachidium.[1][3][4][6]The diameters of known specimens vary from 5 to 18 millimeteres.[3] Reconstruction and affinityAnfesta was originally described by Mikhail Fedonkin as a free-swimming scyphozoa-like medusa. The branched furrows on the fossil were interpreted as imprints of a system of internal radial canals, and the three oval ridges as imprints of gonads.[1][5]A year later, Fedonkin transferred such fossil animals as Anfesta, Albumares and Tribrachidium to the separate group Trilobozoa, populated by three-lobed, radially symmetric, coelenterate-grade animals that only superficially resemble cnidarians.[5][6] Originally, Trilobozoa was established as a class within the phylum Coelenterata, but since Coelenterata was divided into separate phyla - Cnidaria and Ctenophora - the Trilobozoa have been transferred to rank of phylum.[7] According to the latest research, Anfesta was a soft-bodied benthic organism that temporarily attached (but did not adhere) to the substrate of its habitat (microbial mats). This fossil is an imprint of the upper side of the animal body, with some elements of its external and internal anatomy visible to the naked eye. The branched furrows on the fossil are imprints of radial grooves on the animal's surface, while the three central ridges are imprints of cavities within the body. Presumably, this system of grooves and cavities could be related to the collection and digestion of food particles.[3] See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite book | title=Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Earliest Phanerozoic | year=1984 | publisher=Nauka | place=Moscow | pages=30–58 | author=Fedonkin, M. A. |editor1=Sokolov, B. S. |editor2=Iwanowski, A. B. | chapter=Promorphology of the Vendian Radialia | language=Russian}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q21245969}}2. ^{{cite journal | author = Ivantsov, A. Yu. | year = 2004 | title = New Proarticulata from the Vendian of the Arkhangel’sk Region | journal = Paleontological Journal | volume = 38 | issue = 3 | url = http://vend.paleo.ru/pub/Ivantsov_2004_eng.pdf | pages = 247–253}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book |author1=Ivantsov, A. Yu. |author2=Leonov M. V. | title=The imprints of Vendian animals - unique paleontological objects of the Arkhangelsk region | year=2009 | location=Arkhangelsk | isbn=978-5-903625-04-8 | pages=91 | url=https://www.academia.edu/2355930/The_imprints_of_Vendian_animals_-_unique_paleontological_objects_of_the_Arkhangelsk_region | language=Russian}} 4. ^{{cite book | title=The Garden of Ediacara: Discovering the First Complex Life | year=1998 | publisher=Columbia University Press | place=Moscow | pages=11–46 | author= McMenamin, Mark A. S. | chapter=The Sand Menagerie}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book | title=Vendian System: Historical–Geological and Paleontological Foundation, Vol. 1: Paleontology | year=1985 | publisher=Nauka | place=Moscow | pages=70–106 | author=Fedonkin, M. A. |editor1=Sokolov, B. S. |editor2=Iwanowski, A. B. | chapter=Systematic Description of Vendian Metazoa | language=Russian}} 6. ^{{cite book | title=Palaeobiology: A Synthesis | year=1990 | publisher=Blackwell | pages=17–24 | author=Fedonkin, M. A. |editor1=Briggs D. |editor2=Crowther P. | chapter=Precambrian Metazoans | url =http://downloads.palass.org/palaeobiology/16-30_section1.pdf}} 7. ^{{cite book | title=The Proterozoic Biosphere: A Multidisciplinary Study | year=1992 | publisher=Cambridge University Press | pages=373 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jMPfQoFNr-IC&pg=PA373 |author1=Runnegar, B. N. |author2=Fedonkin, M. A |editor1=Schopf, J. W. |editor2=Klein, C. | chapter =Proterozoic Metazoan Body Fossils}} 4 : Ediacaran biota|Trilobozoa|White Sea fossils|Fossil taxa described in 1984 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。