词条 | Bin Laden family |
释义 |
| name = Bin Laden | crest = | caption = | region = Arabian Peninsula | early_forms = | origin = Yemen | members = Osama bin Laden see Family members | otherfamilies = | distinctions = | traditions = | heirlooms = | estate = | meaning = | footnotes = }} The bin Laden family ({{lang-ar|بن لادن}}, bin Lādin), also spelled bin Ladin, is a wealthy family intimately connected with the innermost circles of the Saudi royal family. The family was thrown into the media spotlight through the activities of one of its members, Osama bin Laden, the former head of al-Qaeda. BeginningsThe family traces its origins to Awad bin Laden from the village of al-Rubat, in the Wadi Doan in the Tarim Valley, Hadramout governorate, Yemen. His son was Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden (died 1967). Mohammed bin Laden was a native of the Shafi'i (Sunni) Hadhramaut coast in southern Yemen and emigrated to Saudi Arabia prior to World War I. He set up a construction company and came to Abdul Aziz ibn Saud's attention through construction projects, later being awarded contracts for major renovations in Mecca, where he made his initial fortune from exclusive rights to all mosque and other religious building construction not only in Saudi Arabia, but as far as Ibn Saud's influence reached. Until his death, Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden had exclusive control over restorations at the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem. Soon the bin Laden corporate network extended far beyond construction sites. Mohammed's special intimacy with the monarchy was inherited by the younger bin Laden generation. Mohammed's sons attended Victoria College, Alexandria, Egypt. Their schoolmates included King Hussein of Jordan, Zaid Al Rifai, the Kashoggi brothers (whose father was one of the king's physicians), Kamal Adham (who ran the General Intelligence Directorate under King Faisal), present-day contractors Mohammed Al Attas, Fahd Shobokshi and Ghassan Sakr and actor Omar Sharif. When Mohammed bin Laden died in 1967, his son Salem bin Laden took over the family enterprises, until his own accidental death in 1988. Salem was one of at least 54 children by various wives. Family membersAmerican and European intelligence officials estimate that all the relatives of the family may number as many as 600. In 1994, the bin Laden family disowned Osama and the Saudi government revoked his passport.[1] The Saudi government also stripped Osama bin Laden of his citizenship,[1] for publicly speaking out against them regarding their permitting U.S. troops to be based in Saudi Arabia in preparation for the 1991 Gulf War. The groupings of the family, based on the nationalities of the wives, include the most prominent "Saudi group", a "Syrian group", a "Lebanese group," and an "Egyptian group". The Egyptian group employs 40,000 people as that country's largest private foreign investor. Osama bin Laden was born the only son of Muhammed bin Laden's eleventh wife, Alia[2] Hamida al-Attas, who was of Syrian origin,[3] making Osama a member of the Syrian group. First generation
Second generation
Third generation
Family tree{{chart/start|align=center}}{{chart|||||||||la|la=Ladin al-Qahtani}}{{chart||||||||||!}}{{chart|||||||||al|al=Ali ibn Ladin}}{{chart||||||||||!}}{{chart|||||||||ab|ab=Aboud ibn Ali ibn Ladin}}{{chart||||||||||!}}{{chart|||||||||aw|aw=Awad ibn Aboud bin Ladin (d. 1919)}}{{chart||||,|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|.}}{{chart||||omar|||mu||ab|omar=Omar bin Awad bin Laden|mu=Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden (1908-1967)|ab=Abdullah bin Awad bin Laden}}{{chart||||||||||D|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|y|wiv|wiv=50 other wives}}{{chart||||||||||D|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|y|Rab||||!|Rab=Rabab Haguigui}}{{chart||||||||||:|||||||||||!|||||||prog|prog=
Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden (1908–1967) His sons are:
Osama bin Laden's childrenOsama bin Laden's known children, from his respective wives, include
The bin Laden flightsAt least 13 relatives of Osama bin Laden, accompanied by bodyguards and associates, left the United States on a chartered flight with Ryan International Airlines (Ryan International Flight 441)[25] eight days after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, according to a passenger manifest released on July 21, 2004.[26] The passenger list was made public by Sen. Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ), who obtained the manifest from officials at Boston's Logan International Airport. None of the flights, domestic or international, took place before the reopening of national airspace on the morning of Sept. 13 and the 9/11 Commission found "no evidence of a political intervention".[27] Among the passengers with the bin Laden surname were Omar Awad bin Laden, who had lived with Osama's nephew Abdallah Awad bin Laden who was involved in forming the U.S. branch of the World Assembly of Muslim Youth in Alexandria, and Shafig bin Laden, a half brother of Osama's who was reportedly attending the annual investor conference of the Carlyle Group.[26] Also on board was Akberali Moawalla, an official with the investment company run by Yeslam bin Ladin, another of Osama bin Laden's half brothers. Records show that a passenger, Kholoud Kurdi, lived in Northern Virginia with a bin Laden relative.[26] The bin Laden flight has received fresh publicity because it was a topic in Michael Moore's controversial documentary Fahrenheit 9/11.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} The 9/11 Commission found that the "FBI conducted a satisfactory screening of Saudi nationals who left the United States on charter flights. The Saudi government was advised of and agreed to the FBI's requirements that passengers be identified and checked against various databases before the flights departed. The Federal Aviation Administration representative working in the FBI operations center made sure that the FBI was aware of the flights of Saudi nationals and was able to screen the passengers before they were allowed to depart."[27] References1. ^1 bin Laden, Osama. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211163425/http://www.history.com/encyclopedia.do?articleId=202969 |date=February 11, 2010 }} The History Channel website. Retrieved on 8 April 2007. 2. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/051212fa_fact|title=Letter From Jedda, Young Osama, How he learned radicalism, and may have seen America|author=Steve Coll|work=The New Yorker|date=12 December 2005|accessdate=5 December 2005}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://archive.salon.com/news/feature/2001/11/01/osama_profile/|title=Salon.com News – The making of Osama bin Laden|publisher=Salon.com|accessdate=21 August 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070307120137/http://archive.salon.com/news/feature/2001/11/01/osama_profile/|archive-date=March 7, 2007|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0902394.html|title=Abdullah bin Laden hasiisoososos|publisher=infoplease.com|accessdate=21 September 2008|postscript=}} 5. ^{{cite web| author = Kenneth C. Crowe| title = The Dichotomy of Saudi Arabia| date = 26 May 1976| url = http://www.aliciapatterson.org/APF001975/Crowe/Crowe09/Crowe09.html| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100318040813/http://www.aliciapatterson.org/APF001975/Crowe/Crowe09/Crowe09.html| archivedate = March 18, 2010| df = mdy-all}} 6. ^Boston Herald, 9/2/01 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202191329/http://www.papillonsartpalace.com/bin.htm |date=December 2, 2013 }} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1550477.cms |title=Osama claims responsibility for 9/11 |publisher=The Times of India |date=May 24, 2006}} 8. ^Interview with Osama bin Laden's Brother Yaslam bin Laden 9. ^{{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/?id=9GuVyDhlswoC&pg=PT312&lpg=PT312&dq=Shafig+OR+Shafiq+%22bin+Laden%22+George+Bush#v=onepage&q=Shafig%20OR%20Shafiq%20%22bin%20Laden%22%20George%20Bush&f=false| title = The Book on Bush: How George W. (Mis)leads America| publisher = Penguin| author = Eric Alterman, Mark J. Green| date = 2004| isbn = 9781101200810| accessdate = 22 February 2014| quote = The extremely influential Carlyle Group has arranged similar gatherings during the previous fourteen years, beneath the radar of most of the mass media, between former politicians like Bush, James Baker, John Major, former World Bank treasurer Afsaneh Masheyekhi, and interested parties looking for some extremely expensive, high-powered lobbying services. On September 11, 2001, the Group happened to be hosting a conference at a Washington hotel. Among the guest of honor: investor Shafig bin Laden, another brother to Osama.}} 10. ^{{cite news | url = http://www.carlyle.com/Media%20Room/Fact%20Sheet%20Files/item9959.pdf| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080910093351/http://www.carlyle.com/Media%20Room/Fact%20Sheet%20Files/item9959.pdf| dead-url = yes| archive-date = 2008-09-10| title = Big Deals. David Rubenstein and His Partners Have Made Billions With the Carlyle Group, the World’s Hottest Private Equity Firm. How Have They Made All That Money? Why Are They in Washington?| publisher = The Washingtonian | author = James K. Glassman| date = June 2006| accessdate = February 22, 2014| quote = }} 11. ^{{cite news | url = http://www.economist.com/printedition/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=1875084| title = The Carlyle Group: C for Capitalism| publisher = The Economist| date = 26 June 2003 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20051212013149/http://www.economist.com/printedition/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=1875084| archivedate = 12 December 2005| accessdate = 22 February 2014| deadurl = No | quote = ON the day Osama bin Laden's men attacked America, Shafiq bin Laden, described as an estranged brother of the terrorist, was at an investment conference in Washington, DC, along with two people who are close to President George Bush: his father, the first President Bush, and James Baker, the former secretary of state who masterminded the legal campaign that secured Dubya's move to the White House.}} 12. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2002/jun/16/features.magazine57| title = Dark heart of the American dream| publisher = The Guardian| author = Ed Vulliamy |date = 16 May 2002 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080917122104/http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2002/jun/16/features.magazine57 |archivedate = 17 September 2008 |accessdate = 22 February 2014 |deadurl = No | quote = On 11 September, while Al-Qaeda's planes slammed into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, the Carlyle Group hosted a conference at a Washington hotel. Among the guests of honour was a valued investor: Shafig bin Laden, brother to Osama.}} 13. ^{{cite news | url = http://nsnbc.me/2013/04/30/is-kissing-a-state-sponsor-of-terrorism-a-terrorist-act-political-satire| title = Is Kissing a "State Sponsor of Terrorism" a "Terrorist Act"? Political Satire| publisher = NSNBC | author = Michel Chossudovsky| date = 13 April 2013| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130502010243/http://nsnbc.me/2013/04/30/is-kissing-a-state-sponsor-of-terrorism-a-terrorist-act-political-satire| archivedate = 2 May 2013| accessdate = 22 February 2014| deadurl = No | quote = There is nothing wrong, therefore, in socializing and doing business with family members of terror mastermind Osama bin Laden, including the late Salem bin Laden and Shafiq bin Laden of the Carlyle Group.}} 14. ^{{cite news | date = November 5, 2001 | title = The House of bin Laden | url = http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/011112fa_FACT3?011112fa_FACT3 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070222215131/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/011112fa_FACT3?011112fa_FACT3 | dead-url = yes | archive-date = February 22, 2007 |work=The New Yorker| accessdate =June 20, 2006}} 15. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-03-15-bin-laden-iran-children_N.htm |title=Bin Laden's son says Iran should free his siblings |work=USA Today |agency=Associated Press |date=March 15, 2010 |accessdate=June 5, 2012}} 16. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jan/17/world/fg-intel17 |title=Osama bin Laden's son may be in Pakistan too |publisher= Los Angeles Times |author=Greg Miller |date=January 17, 2009 |accessdate=June 4, 2012}} 17. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/iran-double-crossed-osama-bin-laden/story-fnb64oi6-1226348138493 |title=Iran double-crossed Osama bin Laden |publisher=The Australian | author=Christina Lamb |date=May 7, 2012 |accessdate=June 5, 2012}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article109486119/Al-Qaida-bestaetigt-Tod-von-Bin-Ladens-Sohn-Saad.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-02-05 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020114191003/http://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article109486119/Al-Qaida-bestaetigt-Tod-von-Bin-Ladens-Sohn-Saad.html |archivedate=January 14, 2002 |df=mdy }} 19. ^http://ojihad.wordpress.com/2012/09/28/al-qaida-confirms-sa%C2%B4ad-bin-laden-is-dead/ 20. ^{{cite web |title=Rewards for Justice - Reward Offer for Information on al-Qa'ida Key Leader Hamza bin Laden |url=https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2019/02/289790.htm |website=U.S. Department of State |accessdate=1 March 2019}} 21. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/osama-bin-laden-killed-in-us-raid-buried-at-sea/2011/05/02/AFx0yAZF_story.html?hpid=z2 Scott Wilson, Craig Whitlock, and William Branigin, "Osama bin Laden killed in U.S. raid, buried at sea", The Washington Post, May 2, 2011.] 22. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.thermo.ae/thermo/news/thermo160306.htm |title=The pulse-pounding excitement is set to continue at the third Motor Sport Club Raceday. |date=March 16, 2006 |publisher=thermo.ae |accessdate=September 21, 2008 |postscript= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210195157/http://www.thermo.ae/thermo/news/thermo160306.htm |archivedate=December 10, 2008 |df=mdy }} 23. ^bbc.co.uk 24. ^https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/dr-ayman-al-e1ba93awc481hirc4ab-e2809cdays-with-the-imc481m-3e280b3-ar.pdf 25. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.judicialwatch.org/archive/2007/Saudi%20Docs%202.pdf|title = Response to October 2003 Vanity Fair Article (Re: Binladen Family Departures After 09/11/2001)|author=PENTTBOM Team|publisher=Federal Bureau of Investigation|date = April 13, 2007|page = 34}} 26. ^1 2 {{cite web|url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A4014-2004Jul21.html|title = Plane Carried 13 Bin Ladens: Manifest of Sept. 19, 2001, Flight From U.S. Is Released|author=Dana Milbank|work=Washington Post|date = July 22, 2004|page = A07}} 27. ^1 {{cite web|url = http://911.gnu-designs.com/Chapter_10.html|title = 9/11 Commission Report|author=9/11 Commission}} Further reading{{Portal|Biography|Saudi Arabia}}
| last = Coll | first = Steve | date = April 1, 2008 | title = The Bin Ladens: An Arabian Family in the American Century | publisher=Penguin | isbn = }}
2 : Saudi Arabian families|Bin Laden family |
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