“Walter Orebaugh”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Orebaugh is a native of Wichita, Kansas and is a graduate of University of Wichita.^[1]

Service during World War II

In November, 1942, Orebaugh was consul at the American Consulate in Nice, Vichy France. At the order of American Chargé d’Affaires Pinkney Tuck, he quickly set up a consulate in Monaco. The reason for setting up a diplomatic mission in Monaco came to light a few days later with the Allied invasion of French North Africa and the quick closing of US diplomatic missions in Vichy France. The US had hoped to have a listening station in independent Monaco for which the consulate would serve. However, shortly after Orenbaugh set up the consulate Monaco was occupied by Italian forces and he and his small staff were taken into Italian custody. He was then shipped to Italy where he was to be eventually traded for Allied prisoners. But after the Armistice of Cassibile and the subsequent German occupation of northern Italy and the disarming of non-Fascist Italian forces he found himself in the hostile Italian Social Republic with risk of becoming a German prisoner as the German army was approaching his detainment location in Perugia. He elected to escape with the help of a local Italian family who hid him in their house. As he was trapped in Italy he decided to assist the Italian resistance movement and became a leader in a resistance group called the San Faustino Partisan band. He participated in many actions in the mountains of central Italy and sometimes leading daring raids on German and Italian Fascist supply and ammunition depots.^[2] He and another Italian partisan eventually escaped to Allied lines on May 10, 1944. To the Allies he was able to give detailed intelligence of Italian resistance and German forces and helped facilitate supply lines to the resistance groups behind Axis lines.^[3] After briefly returning to the United States, he returned to Italy before the war's end and served as consul in Florence.

Orebaugh wrote a book about his service during the war entitled Guerilla in Striped Pants: A U.S. Diplomat Joins the Italian Resistance.

References

1. ^¹{{cite web | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2001/06/15/foreign-service-officer-author-walter-orebaugh-dies-at-age-91/39080b42-ec51-4a62-b142-955983a2867a/?noredirect=on | title=Foreign Service Officer, Author Walter Orebaugh Dies at Age 91|author=Pearson, Richard|work=Washington Post| date=June 15, 2001|accessdate=August 28, 2018}}
2. ^{{cite book | last =Moskin | first =J. Robert | title =American Statecraft: The Story of the U.S. Foreign Service| publisher =Macmillan | year =2013 | location = | pages =427–428 | isbn =9781250037459}}
3. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.afsa.org/sites/default/files/fsj-1945-07-july_0.pdf | title=Diplomat Fought Nazis as Partisan Leader (reprint in Foreign Service Journal)|author=Horner, Garnett D.|work=Washington Star| date=May 13, 1945|accessdate=August 28, 2018}}