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词条 William J. Evans (chemist)
释义

  1. Past research

  2. Recent research

  3. References

{{BLP primary sources|date=June 2017}}

William J. Evans is a distinguished chemistry professor at the University of California Irvine who specialises in the fields of inorganic and organometallic chemistry. He was born in Wisconsin where he also completed his undergraduate studies. He received his Bachelor’s degree in 1969 after focusing on research into pentaboranes. After the completion of his undergraduate studies he attended The University of California, Los Angeles where he obtained his PhD in 1973 for his research into metallocarboranes.[1] He then spent some time at Cornell University where he completed his postdoctoral research in transition metal phosphite complexes. In 1975, Evans arrived at the University of Chicago where he decided to begin research into actinides and lanthanides1. He moved to the University of California, Irvine in 1983 where he has remained ever since1.Evans has won many accolades which include the ACS Award in Inorganic Chemistry in 2005 and the prestigious Tolman award in 2014 for his research in the field of coordination chemistry of the late elements.

[2]

Evans has a particular interest in meeting the global energy demand. His research focuses on the role that actinides and lanthanides can play in these processes3. Evans and his research group believe that the unique properties displayed by these rare metals, could help to solve global problems through potential new catalysis and improved processes.[3]

Past research

Evans discovered a series of sterically crowded Tris(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) [(C5Me5)3M] complexes from the synthetic study of (C5Me5)2Sm.[4] This discovery was significant because of the metal-ligand bond lengths in these complexes which were 0.1 Å longer than conventional distances.[4] With lanthanide and actinides metal ions (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Y, and U), the complex can also react with nitriles [Me3CNN] and isocyanide [Me3CNC].[5][6]

Over the past several decades, Evans has shown that lanthanides despite previously being deemed as generally redox inactive metal sites, can undergo well-defined one-electron redox processed. By using sterically-encumbering cyclopentadienyl-type ligands, his group was able to perform reduction chemistry on a number of organolanthanide species thereby isolating these metal complex in new oxidation states. These include the isolation of: [(C5Me5)3La(NCCMe3)2],[7] [(C5Me5)3Ce(NCCMe3)2], [(C5Me5)3Nd(NCCMe3)], [(C5Me5)3U(NCCMe3)], and [(C5Me5)2Sm{NC(C5Me5)(CMe3)}(NCCMe3)].[6]

Recent research

]

In recent years William Evans has focused on discovering new oxidation states for different heavy metals. In 2017 he discovered a new oxidation state of Scandium. He found that certain complexes contained Sc2+ as opposed to the usual +1, +3, +4 and +7 oxidation states.[8] In the same year, Evans also discovered a new oxidation state of Pu; the +2 oxidation state, namely Pu2+ in [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][Pu(II)Cp″3], Cp″ = C5H3(SiMe3)2.[9] Most recently, Evans analyzed the synthesis of the oxidation-reduction reaction of complex (C5Me5)2ThMe2, where the oxidation state of Th changed from +4 at the start of the reaction to +3 at the end of the reaction.[10]

References

1. ^http://scalacs.org/?page_id=2467 Southern California Section of the American Chemical Society, 2014 William J. Evans, UC Irvine, 8 May 2017
2. ^University of California Irvine, William J. Evans, 8 May 2017
3. ^[https://www.chem.uci.edu/~wevans/Evans_Lab/research.html University of California Irvine, Evans Group Lanthanide and Actinide Chemistry, 8 May 2017]
4. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Evans|first=William J.|title=The Importance of Questioning Scientific Assumptions: Some Lessons from f Element Chemistry†|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|language=en|volume=46|issue=9|pages=3435–3449|doi=10.1021/ic062011k|pmid=17428046|year=2007}}
5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Evans|first=William J.|last2=Perotti|first2=Jeremy M.|last3=Kozimor|first3=Stosh A.|last4=Champagne|first4=Timothy M.|last5=Davis|first5=Benjamin L.|last6=Nyce|first6=Gregory W.|last7=Fujimoto|first7=Cy H.|last8=Clark|first8=Robert D.|last9=Johnston|first9=Matthew A.|date=2005-08-01|title=Synthesis and Comparative η1-Alkyl and Sterically Induced Reduction Reactivity of (C5Me5)3Ln Complexes of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm|journal=Organometallics|volume=24|issue=16|pages=3916–3931|doi=10.1021/om050402l|issn=0276-7333}}
6. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=William J. Evans, Thomas J. Mueller, Joseph W. Ziller|date=2010|title=Lanthanide versus Actinide Reactivity in the Formation of Sterically Crowded (C5Me5)3MLn Nitrile and Isocyanide complexes|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/chem.200901990/asset/964_ftp.pdf?v=1&t=j3f2hwhk&s=aa5172843f9b3ae8e70af8888cda84ab2a06bb3c|journal=Chemistry: A European Journal|volume=16|issue=3|pages=964–975|via=|doi=10.1002/chem.200901990|pmid=19946904}}
7. ^{{Cite journal|last=Evans|first=William J.|last2=Mueller|first2=Thomas J.|last3=Ziller|first3=Joseph W.|date=2009-02-25|title=Reactivity of (C5Me5)3LaLx Complexes: Synthesis of a Tris(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) Complex with Two Additional Ligands, (C5Me5)3La(NCCMe3)2|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=131|issue=7|pages=2678–2686|doi=10.1021/ja808763y|pmid=19166353|issn=0002-7863}}
8. ^{{cite journal| pmid=28097771 | doi=10.1002/anie.201611758 | volume=56 | issue=8 | title=Solution Synthesis, Structure, and CO2 Reduction Reactivity of a Scandium(II) Complex, {Sc[N(SiMe3)2]3}− | year=2017 | journal=Angew Chem Int Ed Engl | pages=2050–2053 | last1 = Woen | first1 = DH | last2 = Chen | first2 = GP | last3 = Ziller | first3 = JW | last4 = Boyle | first4 = TJ | last5 = Furche | first5 = F | last6 = Evans | first6 = WJ}}
9. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/jacs.7b00706 | pmid=28235179 | volume=139 | issue=11 | title=Identification of the Formal +2 Oxidation State of Plutonium: Synthesis and Characterization of {PuII[C5H3(SiMe3)2]3} | year=2017 | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | pages=3970–3973 | last1 = Windorff | first1 = Cory J.}}
10. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/jacs.6b10826 | pmid=28240899 | volume=139 | issue=9 | title=Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of the Sterically Crowded Th3+ Complex (C5Me5)3Th Including Formation of the Thorium Carbonyl, [(C5Me5)3Th(CO)][BPh4] | year=2017 | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | pages=3387–3398 | last1 = Langeslay | first1 = Ryan R. | last2 = Chen | first2 = Guo P. | last3 = Windorff | first3 = Cory J. | last4 = Chan | first4 = Alan K. | last5 = Ziller | first5 = Joseph W. | last6 = Furche | first6 = Filipp | last7 = Evans | first7 = William J.}}
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6 : Year of birth missing (living people)|Living people|21st-century American chemists|Inorganic chemists|University of California, Irvine faculty|University of California, Los Angeles alumni
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