“William Robinson Jr.”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

William Robinson Jr. (17 December 1785 – 25 February 1868) was a politician, business executive, and militia general from Allegheny, Pennsylvania, now the North Side of Pittsburgh. He was the first mayor of Allegheny and a state legislator.

Early life

Robinson was born on 17 December 1785 in a log cabin in the area soon to become Allegheny. He was reputedly the first white child born west of the Allegheny River.^[1] His parents were James Robinson, who operated a ferry across the river, and Martha Boggs Robinson.^[1] William was styled "Junior" to distinguish him from an uncle of the same name.^[1] After schooling at Pittsburgh Academy and Princeton,^[1] he read law under ex-senator James Ross, but did not go on to practice the profession.^[2]

In 1806, on a flatboat trip down the Ohio River, the young Robinson and several companions were detained on suspicion of taking part in the Aaron Burr conspiracy to found a Southwestern empire. They were released as nothing treasonous could be proven against them.^[3]

Business

Robinson managed a number of companies over his lifetime. He was the first president of the Allegheny Bridge Company, which built a bridge over the Allegheny River at what is now Sixth Street.^[1] Opened in 1819,^[4] the bridge was the first to cross the Allegheny at Pittsburgh.^[5] Robinson was the first president of the Ohio and Pennsylvania Railroad, which became part of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway, a major component of the Pennsylvania Railroad system.^[5] He served for 16 years as the first president of the Exchange Bank of Pittsburgh.^[6] He was also partner in one of the area's early rolling mills.^[7]

Politics

Robinson was elected as a Democrat to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, serving from 1833 to 1834.^[8] When Allegheny borough became a city in 1840, Robinson, then a Whig,^[9] became its first mayor.^[5] His other positions in the Allegheny government included treasurer, assessor, and president of Select Council.^[10] According to one historian, Robinson had a "haughty and dictatorial" manner that hampered his political ambitions.^[5]

Mexican War Streets

The Mexican War Streets neighborhood, originally called Buena Vista, was established by Robinson on part of his extensive land inheritance from his father.^[5] He laid out the plan in 1847 during the Mexican–American War, naming the streets for the war's battles and leaders.^[11] Contrary to legend, he saw no active service in the conflict.^[11]

State militia

In 1849, Robinson was elected major general of the 18th Division, Pennsylvania Volunteers,^[12]^[13] resulting in his being known afterward as "General" Robinson. The Volunteers at the time were a more social than military organization.^[14]

Death and legacy

Robinson died on 25 February 1868 and was buried at Allegheny Cemetery.^[15] He is commemorated on the North Side of Pittsburgh by General Robinson Street, which runs through his father's original farm.^[16] At the end of the 20th century, many artifacts from Robinson Jr.'s estate were unearthed at the construction site of PNC Park.^[17]

His grandson, John Buchanan Robinson, was a politician who became a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, the Pennsylvania State Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives.^[18]^[19]

See also

References

1. ^¹²³⁴{{cite journal|last=Coleman|first=Dorothy Smith|title=Pioneers of Pittsburgh: The Robinsons|journal=Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine|volume=42|issue=1|date=March 1959|pages=66–68|url=https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/viewFile/2627/2460#page=12|format=PDF}}
2. ^{{cite book|title=The Progressive Men of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania|editor-last=Blanchard|editor-first=Charles|volume=2|publisher=A. W. Bowen & Co.|year=1900|location=Logansport, Indiana|pages=637–638|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-lZKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA637}}
3. ^{{cite news|last=Fleming|first=George T.|title=Robinson Story Sad Page in History|newspaper=The Gazette Times|place=Pittsburgh|date=11 June 1916|at=sec. 5, p. 2|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=oIpRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=J2gDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3713%2C2138442}}
4. ^{{HAER|survey=PA-490|id=pa3845|title=Three Sisters Bridges}}
5. ^¹²³⁴{{cite book|last=Parke|first=John E.|title=Recollections of Seventy Years and Historical Gleanings of Allegheny, Pennsylvania|chapter=William Robinson, Jun.|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/recollectionsofs00park#page/359/mode/1up|pages=359–360|date=1886|publisher=Rand, Avery, & Co., Franklin Press|place=Boston}}
6. ^{{cite book|editor-last=Boucher|editor-first=John Newton|title=A Century and a Half of Pittsburg and Her People|volume=2|page=84|publisher=Lewis Publishing Company|url=https://archive.org/stream/centuryandhalfof02bouc#page/84/mode/1up}}
7. ^{{cite journal|last=Coleman|first=Dorothy Smith|title=Pioneers of Pittsburgh: The Robinsons|journal=Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine|volume=42|issue=1|date=March 1959|pages=71–72|url=https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/viewFile/2627/2460#page=17|format=PDF}}
8. ^{{cite web|last=Cox|first=Harold|title=House Members 'R'|publisher=Wilkes University|work=Wilkes University Election Statistics Project|url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/legis/R.html|access-date=18 May 2017}}
9. ^{{cite book|editor-last=Wilson|editor-first=Erasmus|title=Standard History of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania|year=1898|location=Chicago|publisher=H.R. Cornell & Co.|pages=790–791|quote=Of these sixty-five officers, sixty-one are decided Harrison men, including the mayor. ... There were three candidates for mayor—all Whigs.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1dcwAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA790&lpg=PA790}}
10. ^{{cite book|last=Parke|first=John E.|title=Recollections of Seventy Years and Historical Gleanings of Allegheny, Pennsylvania|url=https://archive.org/stream/recollectionsofs00park#page/15/mode/1up|pages=15, 19|date=1886|publisher=Rand, Avery, & Co., Franklin Press|place=Boston}}
11. ^¹{{cite book|last1=Rooney|first1=Dan|last2=Peterson|first2=Carol|title=Allegheny City: A History of Pittsburgh's North Side|pages=32–33|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=LDF90CRcfj0C&pg=PA32&lpg=PA32|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|date=2013|isbn=978-0-8229-4422-5}}
12. ^{{cite news|newspaper=The Daily Morning Post|location=Pittsburgh|date=3 July 1849|page=2|department=Local Matters|title=Military Convention|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/17602872/}}
13. ^{{cite news|newspaper=The Daily Morning Post|location=Pittsburgh|date=31 July 1849|page=2|title=Major Generals|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19825611/}}
14. ^{{cite journal|last=Holmes|first=Joseph J.|title=The Decline of the Pennsylvania Militia|journal=The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine|volume=57|issue=2|date=April 1974|page=199|url=https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/view/3267/3098}}
15. ^{{cite web|title=Notables|website=Allegheny Cemetery|url=http://www.alleghenycemetery.com/content.php?cat=genealogy&page=notables|accessdate=18 May 2017}}
16. ^{{cite news|last=Fleming|first=George T.|title=North Side Has Interesting History|newspaper=The Gazette Times|place=Pittsburgh|date=4 June 1916|at=sec. 6, p. 2|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mopRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=J2gDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3734%2C3459174}}
17. ^{{cite news|last=McGough|first=Walt|title=Ballpark artifacts offer peek into past of North Side|newspaper=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=5 July 2001|url=http://old.post-gazette.com/regionstate/20010705artifactsregp4.asp|access-date=8 June 2017}}
18. ^{{cite book|last1=Jordan|first1=John W.|title=A History of Delaware County Pennsylvania and Its People|date=1914|publisher=Lewis Historical Publishing Company|location=New York|pages=683–685|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofdelawar02jord#page/n5/mode/2up|accessdate=23 July 2018}}
19. ^{{cite web |title=ROBINSON, John Buchanan, (1846-1933) |url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=r000342 |website=www.bioguide.congress.gov |accessdate=18 August 2018}}