| 词条 | Yamal 203 |
| 释义 |
| name = Yamal 203 (Ямал-203) | names_list = | image = | image_caption = | image_alt = | image_size = | mission_type = Communication | operator = Gazprom Space Systems | Harvard_designation = | COSPAR_ID = | SATCAT = | website = | mission_duration = Cancelled before launch | spacecraft = Yamal 203 | spacecraft_type = Yamal 200 | spacecraft_bus = USP Bus | manufacturer = RSC Energia (bus) Alcatel Space (payload) | launch_mass = {{convert|1351|kg|abbr=on}} | BOL_mass = | landing_mass = | dry_mass = | payload_mass = | dimensions = | power = 3400 | launch_date = | launch_rocket = Proton-K/Blok-DM-2M | launch_site = Baikonur Site 81/23 | launch_contractor = | deployment_from = | deployment_date = | entered_service = | disposal_type = | deactivated = | destroyed = | last_contact = | recovery_by = | recovery_date = | decay_date = | orbit_reference = GEO | orbit_regime = | orbit_longitude = 90°E | orbit_slot = | orbit_semimajor = | orbit_eccentricity = | orbit_periapsis = | orbit_apoapsis = | orbit_inclination = | orbit_period = | orbit_RAAN = | orbit_arg_periapsis = | orbit_mean_anomaly = | orbit_mean_motion = | orbit_repeat = | orbit_velocity = | orbit_epoch = | orbit_rev_number = | apsis = | trans_band = | trans_frequency = 9 C band 6 Ku band | trans_bandwidth = | trans_capacity = | trans_coverage = | trans_TWTA = | trans_EIRP = | trans_HPBW = | programme = Yamal Constellation | previous_mission = Yamal 202 | next_mission = Yamal 300K | insignia = | insignia_caption = | insignia_alt = | insignia_size = }}Yamal 203 (Russian: {{lang|ru|Ямал-203}}) was a geostationary communications satellite ordered by Gazkom to RSC Energia.[1] It was to be a twin of Yamal 201 and was supposed to ride along with Yamal 204 on what would have been the third launch of the Yamal program. As a copy of Yamal 201, it would be the second iteration of the USP Bus.[2][3]It would have been a {{convert|1351|kg|abbr=on}} satellite with 4,080W of power (3.4 kW at end of life) on an unpressurized bus. It would have had eight SPT-70 electric thrusters by OKB Fakel for station keeping.[5] Its payload was 9 C band and 6 Ku band transponders to be supplied by Space Systems Loral.[6][7] HistoryDuring 1997, even before the launch of their first satellites (Yamal 101 and Yamal 102), Gazkom was planning the second generation. At that time they planned a 24 satellites of the second generation. This extremely aggressive plan was scaled back by 2001 with a plan to launch four 200 series satellites. The first two, Yamal 201 and Yamal 202 would be launched by 2001 and the second pair, Yamal 203 and Yamal 204 by 2004. Yamal 201 and Yamal 203 would be identical and be positioned at the 90°E slot and Yamal 202 and Yamal 204 would also be twins and be positioned at the 49°E slot. But the program was delayed and while Yamal 201 and Yamal 202 actually launched on November 24, 2003, Gazkom moved to the Yamal 301 and Yamal 302 project, cancelling both Yamal 203 and Yamal 204.[8][9][2][3] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Krebs |first1=Gunter Dirk |title=RKK Energiya: USP (Victoria) |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sat/energiya_usp.htm |website=Gunter's Space Page |accessdate=2016-07-20 |date=2015-10-16}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]2. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Krebs |first1=Gunter Dirk |title=Yamal 201, 203 |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-201.htm |website=Gunter's Space Page |accessdate=2016-07-20 |date=2016-04-17}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Pillet |first1=Nicolas |title=Proton-K 24 novembre 2003 |trans-title=November 24, 2003 Proton-K |url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/lancements/2003/24112003/24112003.html |website=Kosmonavtika |language=French |accessdate=2016-07-20}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Pillet |first1=Nicolas |title=Descriptif technique Yamal-200 |trans-title=Yamal-200 technical description |url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/tech/2.html |website=Kosmonavtika |language=French |accessdate=2016-07-20}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web |last1=Pillet |first1=Nicolas |title=Yamal/Historie/Premier tir, premier revers |trans-title=Yamal/History/The first setbacks |url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/3.html |website=Kosmonavtika |language=French |accessdate=2016-07-20}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web |last1=Pillet |first1=Nicolas |title=Yamal/Historie/La deuxième génération |trans-title=Yamal/History/The second generation |url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/4.html |website=Kosmonavtika |language=French |accessdate=2016-07-20}} 7. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Zak |first1=Anatoly |title=Yamal communication satellites |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/yamal.html |website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com |accessdate=2016-07-20 |date=April 21, 2016}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|title=Yamal 201 |url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?norad=28094 |publisher=Satbeams |accessdate=20 July 2016}} }} External links
3 : Yamal satellites|Satellites using the USP bus|Cancelled spacecraft |
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