| 词条 | Anthoceros |
| 释义 |
| image = Anthoceros agrestis 060910c.jpg | image_caption = Anthoceros agrestis | taxon = Anthoceros | authority = L. | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text }} Anthoceros is a genus of hornworts in the family Anthocerotaceae. The genus is global in its distribution. Its name means 'flower horn', and refers to the characteristic horn-shaped sporophytes that all hornworts produce. DescriptionSpecies of Anthoceros are characterized by having a small to medium-sized, green thallus that is more or less lobed along the margins.[1] The spores are dark gray, dark brown or black, this is the easiest way to distinguish Anthoceros from the related genus Phaeoceros, which produces spores that are yellow.[1][2] The sporophytes of Anthoceros are larger and much more complex than those of Riccia, Marchantia, and Pellia. It is differentiated into a foot, a constriction like intermediate zone and a capsule. There is no seta. It arises in clusters from the dorsal surface of the thallus each surrounded at the base a tubular involucre. Anthoceros species are host to species of Nostoc, a symbiotic relationship in which Nostoc provides nitrogen to its host through cells known as heterocysts, and which are able to carry out photosynthesis.[3] The Nostoc colonies are present on the lower ventral surface and are visible as blue-green patches which open outwards by slime pores. This hornwort grows in moist clay soils on hills, in ditches, and in damp hollows among rocks. The adult plant body is a gametophyte. SpeciesSpecies include:[4]
References1. ^1 {{cite journal | last1 = Peng | first1 = Tao | last2 = Zhu | first2 = Rui-Liang | title = A revision of the genus Anthoceros (Anthocerotaceae, Anthocerotophyta) in China | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 100 | issue = 1 | year = 2013 | pages = 21–35 | issn = 1179-3163 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.100.1.3}} 2. ^{{cite journal | last = Proskauer | first = Johannes | title = Studies on Athocerotales. III. | year = 1951 | journal = Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club | volume = 78 | issue = 4 | pages = 331–349| doi = 10.2307/2481996 | jstor = 2481996 }} 3. ^Enderlin, C. S. and J. C. Meeks. (1983). [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00397709#page-1 Pure culture and reconstitution of the Anthoceros-Nostoc symbiotic association.] Planta 158(2) 157-65. 4. ^Ibarra-Morales, A., M. E. Muñíz, and S. Valencia. (2015). The genus Anthoceros (Anthocerotaceae, Anthocerotophyta) in Central Mexico. Phytotaxa [S.l.], v. 205, n. 4, p. 215–28. External links{{Wikispecies}}{{commonscat|Anthoceros}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q1012757}} 1 : Hornworts |
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