| 词条 | Anthony Ervin |
| 释义 |
| name = Anthony Ervin | image = File:Anthony Ervin at start of 50m free (27023743703).jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Ervin in 2016 | fullname = Anthony Lee Ervin | nicknames="Tony" | national_team = {{USA}} | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1981|5|26|mf=y}} | birth_place = Valencia, California | death_date = | death_place = | height = 1.91 m | weight = 80 kg | website = {{URL|www.anthonyervin.com|AnthonyErvin.com}} | strokes = Freestyle | club = | collegeteam = University of California, Berkeley | coach = | medaltemplates ={{MedalSport | Men's swimming }}{{MedalCountry | {{USA}} }}{{MedalCompetition | Olympic Games }}{{MedalGold | 2000 Sydney | 50 m freestyle }}{{MedalGold | 2016 Rio de Janeiro | 50 m freestyle }}{{MedalGold | 2016 Rio de Janeiro | 4×100 m freestyle }}{{MedalSilver | 2000 Sydney | 4×100 m freestyle }}{{MedalCompetition | World Championships (LC) }}{{MedalGold | 2001 Fukuoka | 50 m freestyle }}{{MedalGold | 2001 Fukuoka | 100 m freestyle }}{{MedalSilver | 2013 Barcelona | 4×100 m freestyle }}{{MedalCompetition | World Championships (SC) }}{{MedalGold | 2012 Istanbul | 4×100 m freestyle }}{{MedalGold | 2012 Istanbul | 4×100 m medley }}{{MedalBronze | 2012 Istanbul | 50 m freestyle }}{{MedalCompetition | Pan Pacific Championships }}{{MedalSilver | 2002 Yokohama | 50 m freestyle }}{{MedalSilver | 2002 Yokohama | 4×100 m freestyle }}{{MedalSilver | 2014 Gold Coast | 50 m freestyle }}{{MedalSilver | 2014 Gold Coast | 4×100 m freestyle }}{{MedalCompetition |Maccabiah Games}}{{MedalGold|2017 Israel|50 m freestyle}}{{MedalGold|2017 Israel|100 m freestyle}}{{MedalGold|2017 Israel|4×100 m medley relay}}{{MedalSilver|2017 Israel|4×100 m freestyle relay}} }}Anthony Lee Ervin (born May 26, 1981) is an American competition swimmer who has won four Olympic medals and two World Championship golds. At the 2000 Summer Olympics, he won a gold medal in the men's 50-meter freestyle, and earned a silver medal as a member of the second-place United States relay team in the 4×100-meter freestyle event. He was the second swimmer of African descent after Anthony Nesty of Suriname to win an individual gold medal in Olympic swimming.[1] He is the first United States citizen of African descent to medal gold in an individual Olympic swimming event.[2] Ervin stopped swimming competitively at the age of 22 in 2003[3] and auctioned off his 2000 Olympic gold medal on eBay to aid survivors of the 2004 tsunami,[4][5][6] but he began to train again in 2011.[5] Ervin competed in the 50-meter freestyle event at the 2012 Summer Olympics where he placed fifth.[7] In the Spring of 2016, Akashic Books released Ervin's memoir, Chasing Water, co-authored by Ervin and Constantine Markides.[8] At the 2016 Summer Olympics, 16 years after his first Olympic gold medal, he won the event for the second time, at the age of 35, becoming the oldest individual Olympic gold medal winner in swimming.[9] Personal lifeErvin is African-American and Jewish,[10][11][12][13] and was born in Hollywood. He is of Ashkenazi Jewish descent on his mother's side and African-American descent on his father's. He was raised in Valencia, California.[5][14][15][16] Ervin has described himself as a "practicing Zen Buddhist".[17] In July 2017 he said: "I’m proud to be a Jew."[18] While living in Santa Clarita, he swam for Canyons Aquatic Club, and also competed on the Hart High School's swim team in Newhall, California.[19] Anthony enrolled in the University of California, Berkeley, where he received his bachelor's degree in English in 2010.[20] He is currently pursuing a graduate degree in sport, culture and education at Cal.[5] International career2000: Sydney Summer Olympic Games{{see also|Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics}}At the 2000 United States Olympic Trials in Indianapolis, Ervin competed in two events: the 50-meter and 100-meter freestyle. In the finals of the 100-meter freestyle, Ervin finished fifth with a time of 49.29, ensuring him a spot on the 4×100-meter freestyle relay.[21] In the final of the 50-meter freestyle, Ervin finished tied for first place with Gary Hall Jr. with a time of 21.98. At the 2000 Summer Olympics, Ervin won one gold and one silver medal. In his first final, the 4×100-meter freestyle relay, Ervin teamed up with Gary Hall Jr., Neil Walker and Jason Lezak. Going into the final, the Americans had never lost the event at the Olympics. Ervin swam the leadoff leg in 48.89, the second best lead-off behind Michael Klim's world record time of 48.18. The American team ended up finishing in second place with a time of 3:13.86 behind Australia, who finished in a world record time of 3:13.67.[22] In the final of the 50-meter freestyle, Ervin tied Gary Hall Jr. for the gold with a time of 21.98.[23] After the gold medal race, reporter Jim Gray asked Ervin what it felt like to be the first swimmer of African American descent to win gold. Referring to this moment in a 2012 interview, Ervin stated, "I didn't know a thing about what it was like to be part of the black experience. But now I do. It's like winning gold and having a bunch of old white people ask you what it's like to be black. That is my black experience."[24] 2001–2003: World Championships and Pan PacsErvin won two gold medals at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships in the 50-meter freestyle[25] and the 100-meter freestyle.[26] He also competed in the 4 x 100 freestyle relay, but the United States relay team was disqualified.[27] At the 2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships Ervin won silver medals in both the 50-meter freestyle and the 4 x 100 freestyle relay. 2012: Comeback and Summer Olympics{{see also|Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics}}Twelve years after competing in his last Olympics as a 19-year-old, Ervin qualified for his second United States Olympic team as a 31-year-old at the 2012 United States Olympic Trials in Omaha, Nebraska, by finishing second in the men's 50-meter freestyle. His time of 21.60 seconds was only one one-hundredth (0.01) of a second behind Cullen Jones (21.59) and also a personal best for Ervin.[28][29] At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, he finished fifth in the finals of the 50-meter freestyle with a time of 21.78 seconds.[30] 2013–14: World Championships and Pan Pacs{{see also|Swimming at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships}}At the 2013 US National Championships, Ervin qualified to swim at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona by placing second in the 50-meter freestyle with a time of 21.70, and third in the 100-meter freestyle with a time of 48.49. In his first event at the World Championships, Ervin combined with Nathan Adrian, Ryan Lochte and Jimmy Feigen in the 4×100-meter freestyle relay, with the team finishing behind France. Swimming the third leg, Ervin recorded a split of 47.44, and the team finished with a final time of 3:11.44. Ervin's split was the fastest among the Americans. In his only individual event, the 50-meter freestyle, Ervin entered the final as the second seed with a semi-final time of 21.42, a personal best for him and only 2-hundredths of a second behind the American record. In the final, Ervin finished in 6th place with a time of 21.65. In 2014, on the Gold Coast, Ervin collected 2 silver medals at the Pan Pacs. 2016 OlympicsIn the 2016 Olympics, Ervin swam the 50 m freestyle, placing 1st in the final with a time of 21.40 seconds. At the age of 35, this made him the oldest individual Olympic gold medal winner in swimming, taking the record from Michael Phelps.[9] He also won a gold medal in the relay 4 × 100 m with United States by swimming in the morning heat. 2017 Maccabiah GamesErvin took part in the torch lighting ceremony at the 2017 Maccabiah Games on July 6, 2017.[31] He won gold medals in the 50-meter freestyle (with a time of 22.05 seconds), the 100-meter freestyle (with a time of 49.76 seconds), and the 4×100m medley relay (with the Americans clocking 3:41.82).[32][33] In the special 4x50m relay race between Israeli and American all-star teams, American Olympic champions Ervin, Lenny Krayzelburg (four Olympic golds), and Jason Lezak (four Olympic golds), with masters swimmer Alex Blavatnik, swam a time of 1:48.23 and defeated Israeli Olympians Guy Barnea, Yoav Bruck, Eran Groumi, and Tal Stricker, who had a time of 1:51.25.[34] AutobiographyErvin's memoir was released by Akashic Books in 2016.[8] Co-authored by Ervin and Constantine Markides, Chasing Water received The Buck Dawson Authors Award from The International Swimming Hall of Fame in 2018.[35] See also{{Portal|Biography|Olympics|Swimming}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ishof.org/black-history.html|title=ISHOF.org - Black History|author=|date=|website=facebook.com/ISHOF}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.usaswimming.org/ViewNewsArticle.aspx?TabId=0&itemid=7676&mid=14491 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2016-09-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915025231/http://www.usaswimming.org/ViewNewsArticle.aspx?TabId=0&itemid=7676&mid=14491 |archivedate=September 15, 2016 |df=mdy-all }} 3. ^{{cite news|title=Olympic Gold Medalist Anthony Ervin Gives Up Swimming, Fame and Money |url=http://archive.dailycal.org/article/15583/olympic_gold_medalist_anthony_ervin_gives_up_swimm |publisher=The Daily Californian |author=Barry Kelly |date=July 6, 2004 |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120705043737/http://archive.dailycal.org/article/15583/olympic_gold_medalist_anthony_ervin_gives_up_swimm |archivedate=July 5, 2012 |df=mdy }} 4. ^{{cite news |title=Anthony Ervin has no regrets, feels lucky to be at trials |url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/london/swimming/story/2012-06-27/anthony-ervin-no-regrets-olympic-trials/55868484/1 |publisher=USA Today |author=Erik Brady |date=June 27, 2012 |accessdate=July 1, 2012}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |title=Spreading Joy of Swimming, Ex-Olympian Finds It Again |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/29/sports/olympics/anthony-ervin-olympic-medalist-in-2000-comes-back-in-swimming.html?smid=pl-share |publisher=The New York Times |author=Pat Borzi |date=June 28, 2012 |accessdate=July 1, 2012}} 6. ^{{cite news |title=Ervin, Swimming's Mystery Man, Returns to the Pool |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/content/ervin-swimmings-mystery-man-returns-pool |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130223100737/http://bigstory.ap.org/content/ervin-swimmings-mystery-man-returns-pool |dead-url=yes |archive-date=February 23, 2013 |publisher=Associated Press |author=Paul Newberry |date=May 18, 2012 |accessdate=July 1, 2012}} 7. ^{{cite news |title=Anthony Ervin has no regrets, feels lucky to be at trials |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/hes-baaack-anthony-ervin-going-back-to-olympics-after-finishing-2nd-in-50-free-at-us-trials/2012/07/01/gJQAWZixGW_story.html |publisher=The Washington Post |author=Associated Press |date=July 1, 2012 |accessdate=July 1, 2012}} 8. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://www.amazon.com/Chasing-Water-Olympian-Anthony-Ervin/dp/1617754447|title=Chasing Water: Elegy of an Olympian|last=Ervin|first=Anthony|last2=Markides|first2=Constantine|date=2016-04-05|publisher=Edge of Sports|isbn=9781617754449|language=English}} 9. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://swimswam.com/ervin-passes-phelps-become-oldest-swimmer-win-solo-gold/ |title=Ervin passes Phelps to become oldest swimmer to win solo gold |first1=Robert |last1=Gibbs |date=August 12, 2016 |publisher=Swimswam |access-date=August 13, 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thejewishweek.com/news/international-news/munich-tragedy-security-loom-over-olympics |title=The Jewish Week – Connecting the World to Jewish News, Culture, and Opinion |work=The Jewish Week}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.algemeiner.com/2012/08/02/jewish-olympian-anthony-ervin-gets-closer-to-2nd-gold-in-50m-freestyle/anthony-ervin/ |title=Jewish Olympian Anthony Ervin Gets Closer to 2nd Gold in 50M Freestyle |work=Algemeiner.com}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://scjewishsportshof.com/ervin.html |title=Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of Fame Home |work=scjewishsportshof.com}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A3-BAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Anthony+Ervin%22+jewish&dq=%22Anthony+Ervin%22+jewish&hl=en&sa=X&ei=SSy8U8_oO_SssQSI1oCQBA&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAw |title=Jews and the Olympic Games |work=google.com}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.interfaithfamily.com/arts_and_entertainment/popular_culture/Interfaith_Celebrities_Olympic_Update_.shtml |title=Interfaith Celebrities: Olympic Update |work=interfaithfamily.com}} 15. ^{{cite book |title=Jews and the Olympic Games: The Clash Between Sport and Politics : with a Complete Review of Jewish Olympic Medallists |publisher=Sussex Academic Press |last1=Taylor |first1=Paul |year=2004 |isbn=9781903900871 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tGcPDXOjxMoC&pg=PA217&dq=%22Jews+and+the+Olympic+Games%22+anthony+ervin&hl=en&ei=BMmbTqDQAoTW0QGiw9XKBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Jews%20and%20the%20Olympic%20Games%22%20anthony%20ervin&f=false}} 16. ^{{cite news |title=Winning Isn't Only Thing in Men's 100 Freestyle |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2000/aug/14/sports/sp-4078 |publisher=Los Angeles Times |author=Lisa Dillman |date=August 14, 2000 |accessdate=July 1, 2012}} 17. ^http://www.bobschaller.com/SplashIrv.pdf 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Sports/Records-fall-as-Olympians-shine-at-Maccabiah-Games-499449|title=Records fall as Olympians shine at Maccabiah Games|author=|date=|website=jpost.com}} 19. ^{{cite web |title=Today in Black Jewish History Month, Anthony Ervin |url=http://manishtana.net/2011/02/14/black-jewish-history-month-anthony-ervin/ |publisher=manishtana.net |author=MaNishtana |date=February 14, 2011 |accessdate=July 2, 2012}} 20. ^{{cite news |title=Anthony Ervin back in swimming after decade off |url=http://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/Anthony-Ervin-back-in-swimming-after-decade-off-3605224.php |publisher=San Francisco Chronicle |author=John Crumpacker |date=June 27, 2012 |accessdate=July 1, 2012}} 21. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/swimming/racearchives/2000/indianapolis2000/100-FREE-M-CLAS-FINAL-SER.PDF |title=2000 US Olympic Team Trials – Men's 100 m freestyle results (final) |publisher=Omega Timing |accessdate=July 1, 2010}}{{dead link|date=August 2016}} 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/swimming/racearchives/2000/sydneyog2000/4X100-FREE-M-CLAS-FINAL-SER.pdf |title=2000 Sydney Olympic Games – Men's 4x100 m freestyle relay results (final) |publisher=Omega Timing |accessdate=July 1, 2010}}{{dead link|date=August 2016}} 23. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/swimming/racearchives/2000/sydneyog2000/50-FREE-M-CLAS-FINAL-SER.pdf |title=2000 Sydney Olympic Games – Men's 50 m freestyle results (final) |publisher=Omega Timing |accessdate=July 1, 2010}}{{dead link|date=August 2016}} 24. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/videos/olympics-2012-gold-medal-swimmer-anthony-ervin-is-out-to-reclaim-his-title-20120727 |title=Olympics 2012: Gold Medal Swimmer Anthony Ervin Is Out to Reclaim His Title |work=Rolling Stone}} 25. ^{{cite web |title=FINA: 9th World Championships 50m |url=http://swimrankings.net/index.php?page=meetDetail&meetId=516876&gender=1&styleId=1 |work=swimrankings.net |accessdate=August 5, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903101512/http://www.swimrankings.net/index.php?page=meetDetail&meetId=516876&gender=1&styleId=1 |archivedate=September 3, 2014 |df=mdy-all }} 26. ^{{cite web |title=FINA: 9th World Championships 100m |url=http://swimrankings.net/index.php?page=meetDetail&meetId=516876&gender=1&styleId=2 |work=swimrankings.net |accessdate=August 5, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310162340/https://www.swimrankings.net/index.php?page=meetDetail&meetId=516876&gender=1&styleId=2 |archivedate=March 10, 2016 |df=mdy-all }} 27. ^{{cite web |title=FINA: 9th World Championships 4X100 freestyle |url=http://swimrankings.net/index.php?page=meetDetail&meetId=516876&gender=1&styleId=27 |work=swimrankings.net |accessdate=August 5, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130222060306/http://swimrankings.net/index.php?page=meetDetail&meetId=516876&gender=1&styleId=27 |archivedate=February 22, 2013 |df=mdy-all }} 28. ^{{cite web |title=2012 U.S. OLYMPIC TEAM ROSTER |url=http://www.usaswimming.org/ViewNewsArticle.aspx?TabId=1450&itemid=4537&mid=12330 |publisher=USA Swimming |author=USA Swimming |date=July 1, 2012 |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704070256/http://www.usaswimming.org/ViewNewsArticle.aspx?TabId=1450&itemid=4537&mid=12330 |archivedate=July 4, 2012 |df=mdy-all }} 29. ^{{cite news |title=He's baaack: Anthony Ervin going back to Olympics after finishing 2nd in 50 free at US trials |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/hes-baaack-anthony-ervin-going-back-to-olympics-after-finishing-2nd-in-50-free-at-us-trials/2012/07/01/gJQAWZixGW_story.html |publisher=The Washington Post |author=Associated Press |date=July 1, 2012 |accessdate=July 1, 2012}} 30. ^{{cite web |title=Swimming results |url=http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/event/men-50m-freestyle/phase=swm010100/index.html |work=NBC Olympics Coverage |accessdate=August 3, 2012}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=https://swimswam.com/ervin-gilot-participate-torch-lighting-maccabiah-games/|title=Ervin, Gilot To Participate In Torch Lighting At Maccabiah Games|author=|date=June 17, 2017|website=swimswam.com}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Sports/Ervin-wraps-up-Maccabiah-experience-with-two-more-gold-medals-499553|title=Ervin wraps up Maccabiah experience with two more gold medals|author=|date=|website=jpost.com}} 33. ^"Ervin captures gold in 100-meter freestyle," The Jerusalem Post. 34. ^"Records fall as Olympians shine at Maccabiah Games," The Jerusalem Post. 35. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ishof.org/anthony-ervin.html|title=ISHOF.org {{!}} Anthony Ervin|website=facebook.com/ISHOF|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-18}} External links
| before = Roland Schoeman | title = Men's 50-meter freestyle world record-holder (short course) | years = March 23, 2000 – January 28, 2001 | after = Mark Foster }}{{s-end}}{{Footer USA Swimming 2000 Summer Olympics}}{{Footer USA Swimming 2012 Summer Olympics}}{{Footer USA Swimming 2016 Summer Olympics}}{{Footer Olympic Champions 50 m Freestyle Men}}{{Footer World LC Champions 50m Freestyle Men}}{{Footer World LC Champions 100m Freestyle Men}}{{Footer World SC Champions 4x100m Freestyle Men}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ervin, Anthony}} 26 : 1981 births|Living people|African-American Jews|African-American sportsmen|American male freestyle swimmers|American Zen Buddhists|Buddhists of Jewish descent|California Golden Bears men's swimmers|Competitors at the 2017 Maccabiah Games|Former world record holders in swimming|Jewish American sportspeople|Jewish swimmers|Maccabiah Games gold medalists for the United States|Maccabiah Games medalists in swimming|Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Medalists at the FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)|Olympic gold medalists for the United States in swimming|Olympic silver medalists for the United States in swimming|People from the San Fernando Valley|People from Valencia, Santa Clarita, California|Sportspeople from Santa Clarita, California|Swimmers at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Swimmers at the 2012 Summer Olympics|Swimmers at the 2016 Summer Olympics|World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming |
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