| 词条 | Édmée Chandon |
| 释义 |
|name=Édmée Chandon |image=Edmée Chandon.jpg |birth_name=Édmée Marie Juliette Chandon |birth_date={{birth date|1885|11|21|df=y}} |birth_place=Paris, France |death_date={{death date and age|1944|3|8|1885|11|21|df=y}} |death_place=Paris, France |fields=Astronomy |workplaces=Paris Observatory }} Édmée Marie Juliette Chandon (21 November 1885 – 8 March 1944) was an astronomer known for being the first professional female astronomer in France. She worked at the Paris Observatory from 1908 until her retirement in 1941. BiographyThe eldest of five children, Chandon was born to Marie Duhan and merchant François Chandon on 21 November 1885 in the 11th arrondissement of Paris.[1][2] In July 1906, she completed her degree in Mathematical Sciences at the {{illm|Faculté des sciences de Paris|fr}}.[2] She began working at the Paris Observatory in November 1908 as a trainee,[3] where she met Jacques Jean Trousset after he joined her team in January 1909.[4] They married on 6 April 1910 in Saint-Cloud but the marriage was short-lived; the pair divorced on 26 April 1911.[2][5] On 28 February 1912, Chandon was appointed aide astronome et attachée at the Paris Observatory, effective from 1 March, and the appointment made her the first professional female astronomer in France. L'Aurore declared the appointment a "new feminist victory".[6] Chandon represented the Paris Observatory at the Fête du Soleil, organised by the Société astronomique de France, at the Eiffel Tower on 22 June 1914.[7] In March 1930, Chandon defended her thesis "Research on the tides of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Suez",[8] where she shows that the tides of the Red Sea and Gulf of Suez are examples of standing waves.{{cn|date=September 2018}} She retired on 1 October 1941.[2]{{refn|group=note|On 11 October 1940, a law was introduced requiring women over the age of 50 to retire.[9]}} On 17 May 1943, the French Academy of Sciences proposed four candidates to the Minister of National Education for positions as titular astronomers of Paris Observatory, including Chandon.[10] Chandon died at her home in Paris on 8 March 1944.[11] After it was discovered in 1935, asteroid 1341 Edmée was named in her honour.[2] Notes1. ^{{cite web|url=http://archives.paris.fr/arkotheque/visionneuse/visionneuse.php?arko=YTo2OntzOjQ6ImRhdGUiO3M6MTA6IjIwMTgtMDktMTIiO3M6MTA6InR5cGVfZm9uZHMiO3M6MTE6ImFya29fc2VyaWVsIjtzOjQ6InJlZjEiO2k6NDtzOjQ6InJlZjIiO2k6MjMzNzYwO3M6MTY6InZpc2lvbm5ldXNlX2h0bWwiO2I6MTtzOjIxOiJ2aXNpb25uZXVzZV9odG1sX21vZGUiO3M6NDoicHJvZCI7fQ==#uielem_move=0%2C0&uielem_rotate=F&uielem_islocked=0&uielem_zoom=68|page=8|language=French|title=1885, Naissances, 11 (5577)|publisher=Paris Archives|date=24 November 1885|accessdate=12 September 2018}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.obs-hp.fr/dictionnaire/par_lettre/lettre_C.pdf|title=CHANDON, Edmée, Marie Juliette, épouse TROUSSET (1885-1944)|language=French|publisher=Haute-Provence Observatory|accessdate=12 September 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Rapport annuel sur l'état de l'Observatoire de Paris|publisher=Paris Observatory|language=French|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6544664r/f26.item.r=chandon|page=26|accessdate=12 September 2018|year=1908}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Rapport annuel sur l'état de l'Observatoire de Paris|publisher=Paris Observatory|year=1909|language=French|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65446655/f29.item.r=trousset|accessdate=12 September 2018}} 5. ^Étude généalogique J. d'Enfert 6. ^{{cite news|title=Nouvelle Victoire féministe|language=French|work=L'Aurore|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k752914t/f1.zoom.r=%C3%A9dm%C3%A9e%20chandon.langFR|date=9 March 1912|accessdate=12 September 2018}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=Astronomes et artistes fêtent le Soleil|date=23 June 1914|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5651051/f1.item.r=%22mme%20chandon%22.zoom|work=Le Petit Parisien|accessdate=12 September 2018|language=French}} 8. ^{{cite thesis|title=L'entre-deux-guerres mathématique à travers les thèses soutenues en France|url=http://www.institut.math.jussieu.fr/theses/2009/leloup/These_Leloup_Juliette.pdf|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.institut.math.jussieu.fr%2Ftheses%2F2009%2Fleloup%2FThese_Leloup_Juliette.pdf|archivedate=22 March 2014|accessdate=12 September 2018|page=117|first=Juliette|last=Leloup|language=French|publisher=Pierre and Marie Curie University}} 9. ^{{cite book|author=Christine Fauré|title=Political and Historical Encyclopedia of Women|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qfq4_2xF8uUC&pg=PA595|date=2 June 2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-45691-7|page=595}} 10. ^{{cite news|work=NuméroJournal des débats politiques et littéraires|title=Académie des sciences: une astronome titulaire à l'observatoire de Paris|date=19 May 1943|accessdate=12 September 2018|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k510648h/f2.zoom.r=edmee%20chandon.langFR|language=French}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://archives.paris.fr/arkotheque/visionneuse/visionneuse.php?arko=YTo2OntzOjQ6ImRhdGUiO3M6MTA6IjIwMTgtMDktMTIiO3M6MTA6InR5cGVfZm9uZHMiO3M6MTE6ImFya29fc2VyaWVsIjtzOjQ6InJlZjEiO2k6NDtzOjQ6InJlZjIiO2k6MjY0OTY0O3M6MTY6InZpc2lvbm5ldXNlX2h0bWwiO2I6MTtzOjIxOiJ2aXNpb25uZXVzZV9odG1sX21vZGUiO3M6NDoicHJvZCI7fQ==#uielem_move=0%2C0&uielem_rotate=F&uielem_islocked=0&uielem_zoom=80|page=7|title=1944, Décès, 14 (1461)|language=French|date=10 March 1944|accessdate=12 September 2018|publisher=Paris Archives}} References{{reflist}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Chandon, Édmée}} 5 : 1885 births|1944 deaths|Women astronomers|French astronomers|20th-century French scientists |
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