| 词条 | Anugrah Narayan Sinha |
| 释义 |
| name =Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha | nickname = Bihar Vibhuti, Anugraha Babu | image =File:Bihar Vibhuti Dr Anugrah Narayan Sinha,first Bihar Dy Chief Minister.jpg | imagesize = 205px | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1887|6|18}} | birth_place =Aurangabad, Bengal Presidency, British India (now in Bihar, India) | residence = | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1957|7|5|1887|6|20}} | death_place = Patna, Bihar, India | occupation =Lawyer Nationalist Statesman Educationist Administrator | constituency3 = Aurangabad | office1 =Finance Minister of Bihar Province | term_start1 = 20 July 1937 | term_end1 = 31 October 1939 |1blankname1 = Premier |1namedata1 =Sri Krishna Sinha | term1 = | predecessor1 = None | successor1 =Governor's rule | office2 =Deputy Premier of Bihar Province | term_start2 = 20 July 1937 | term_end2 = 31 October 1939 | term2 = | predecessor2 = Position established | successor2 =Governor's rule | office6 = 1st Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar | term_start6 = 2 April 1946 | term_end6 = 5 July 1957 |1blankname6 =Chief Minister |1namedata6 = Sri Krishna Sinha | term6 = | predecessor6 = Position Created | successor6 =Vacant | office3 =Member Of Constituent Assembly | term_start3 =9 December 1946 | term_end3 =26 January 1950 | predecessor3 =Post Created | successor3 =Post Abolished | office4 = 1st Finance Minister of Bihar | term_start4 = 2 April 1946 | term_end4 = 5 July 1957 | predecessor4 = Position Created | successor4=Sri Krishna Sinha | term4 = | office7 = Member Central Legislative Council | term_start7 = 1926 | term_end7 = 1930 |1blankname7 =Governor General |1namedata7 = The Earl of Halifax | term7 = | predecessor7 = Maharaja Rameshwar Singh | successor7 =Vacant | office8 = Member Central Legislative Assembly | term_start8 = 1923 | term_end8 = 1926 |1blankname8 =Governor General |1namedata8 = The Earl of Reading | term8 = | predecessor8 = Ambika Prasad Sinha | successor8 = Badri Lal Rastogi | party =Indian National Congress | spouse = | children = Two sons |alma_mater =University of Patna Presidency College, Kolkata | website = | footnotes = MERAY SANSMARAN | date = 12 July | | year = 2006 | | source = http://www.kamat.com/database/biographies/anugrah_narayan_sinha.htm }} Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha (18 June 1887 – 5 July 1957), known as Bihar Vibhuti, was an Indian nationalist statesman, participant in Champaran Satyagraha, Gandhian & one[1] of the architects of modern Bihar, who was the first Deputy Chief Minister cum[2] Finance Minister of the Indian state of Bihar (1946–1957).[3] He was also a Member of the Constituent Assembly of India, which was elected to write the Constitution of India and served in its first Parliament as an independent nation.[4] He also held a range of portfolios including Labour, Local Self Government, Public Works, Supply & Price Control, Health and Agriculture.[5] A.N. Sinha, affectionately called "Babu Saheb", was a very close associate of Mahatma Gandhi[5] during the freedom struggle movement and worked with Bihar Kesari Dr. Sri Krishna Sinha to lead the Gandhian movement in Bihar[6] One of the leading nationalists in the Indian independence movement from Bihar after Dr Rajendra Prasad, he was elected as the Congress Party[7] deputy leader in the state assembly to assume office as first Deputy Chief Minister cum Finance Minister of independent Bihar, and re-elected when the Congress Party won Bihar's first[8] general election with a massive mandate in 1952.Loknayak Jay Prakash Narayan in his essay "Hamare Anugrah Babu" wrote that, "In modern times, there are only a rare few people who have been owed to Bihar as much as our Anugrah Babu. He was one of the leading makers of modern Bihar, and for many years Bihar got his leadership.The people of this state are indebted to this great son of Bihar's land.".[9] Early lifeThe qualities that gave Dr Anugrah Narayan Sinha a place among the eminent[10] nationalists of his time were moral as well as intellectual. His genuineness, intensity, abhorrence of sham trickery and imposture and his dauntless determination to arrive at facts gave his action a ring of truth. He was born to Visveshwar Dayal Singh on 18 June 1887 in a family of Poiwan village of the erstwhile Gaya district (today known as Aurangabad) of Bihar. He belonged to the Rajput caste.[11][12] As a lad his patriotic virtues were visible. A brilliant student from the beginning of his academic career, Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha obtained his initial education in the village school. From Junior school till graduation[13] he topped the lists at every examination, obtaining an M.A. (History) in 1914 from the prestigious University of Calcutta. He became the Secretary[10] of the Bihar Students Conference founded by Rajendra Prasad and the Chanakya Society of the Patna College. He served as a volunteer in the Patna Congress, With fever[10] on he feverishly worked for its success. In 1915, he was appointed Professor of History at the T.N.B. college in Bhagalpur where he remained, known as[13] an ideal professor, until 1916. He organised relief work when Bhagalpur was raved by floods. He began successfully practising law at Patna High Court. Freedom movementIn 1917, heeding the call of Mahatma Gandhi to the nation, he left his flourishing law practice to join the Champaran Satyagraha movement.[5][4] The Champaran experiment formed a vital chapter in the development of the Gandhian method in India and he was catapulted to the national stage. He served as a teacher in "Bihar Vidyapeeth"[4] founded by Dr. Rajendra Prasad for motivating young meritorious youths. Among[10] his first students was young Jayprakash Narayan. In 1922 he organized the Gaya Congress. In the following year he became one of the General Secretaries of the All India Congress Committee (AICC). When Rajendra Prasad was elected Chairman of Patna Municipality, Dr. Anugraha Narayan Sinha was elected Vice-Chairman. As he was soon elected Chairman of the Gaya District Board, he resigned. He was the pivotal force behind the Civil Disobedience Movement led by M K Gandhi, in the year 1930 which is considered an important milestone in the history of Indian Nationalism.[13] His patriotism earned him 15 months of rigorous imprisonment in 1933–34. When the M8 Nepal–Bihar earthquake occurred on 15 January 1934, Bihar Central Relief Committee was set up on 17 January 1934, under the Presidency of Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Dr. Anugraha Narayan Sinha became its Vice-President. He took the task of raising funds to help the people and the relief and rehabilitation work was organised in an elaborate and efficient manner. He was elected as a member of the Central Council in 1935 from Sahabad-cum-Patna Constituency with a massive margin. He became a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly in 1936. In the provincial autonomy granted by British, under the Government of India Act of 1935, the first Congress ministry was sworn in on 20 July 1937 and he became the Deputy Premier cum Finance Minister of Bihar province. He and Premier Dr. Sri Krishna Sinha disagreed with the then Governor Maurice Garnier Hallett on the issue of the release of political prisoners and both resigned. The Governor had to give in and they again resumed their offices. But they again resigned in 1939, as did all Congress governments in the country, over the question of involving India in the Second World War without the consent of the Indian people.[4][10] He was among the first[13] freedom fighters to respond to Gandhiji's call for Satyagraha in 1940–41. He was arrested[4] by the British authorities and imprisoned in the Hazaribagh Central Jail in 1942. In 1944 he was released and devoted himself to serving the epidemic-ridden people. After independence he dedicated himself to the all round development of Bihar as Finance Minister and as the Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar.[13] Exemplary governmentThe first Bihar Government, both in 1937 and 1946, was characterized by the values of the Mahatma Gandhi. Its two eminent leaders Sri Babu (Dr. Sri Krishna Sinha) and Anugrah Babu (Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha) were nationalists of unimpeachable integrity and great public spirit. They ran an exemplary government in Bihar.[14] Almost all the development projects needed for the state of Bihar were done by the leadership pair of Sinha and Dr A N Sinha. It included several river valley projects right from Koshi, Aghaur and Sakri to other such river projects. The first five-year plan period was given to the development in rural development works mainly in the agricultural sector. In fact, Bihar became the top state in the country's first five-year plan and it was announced by Dr. A. N. Sinha in the assembly. The then Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru sent Paul H. Appleby to assess the administration in states and in his famous report, he described Bihar as the best governed state in India mostly due to the excellent leadership of Dr. S. K. Sinha and Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha.[29] Since the second five-year plan period, Anugrah Babu spearheaded the process of rapid industrialization of Bihar and bought several industries for the all round development of the state. He served India's international interests. He successfully led the Indian Food and Agriculture delegation to Nepal and also the Indian delegation to the International Labour Organization (ILO) in Canada and Switzerland. He also actively led a number of Government and voluntary organizations in India and abroad.[13] Political legacyAlong with his close colleague in the Indian independence movement Bihar Kesari Dr. Sri Krishna Sinha, the first Chief Minister of Bihar, he is considered one of the architects of modern Bihar.[15][16] His younger son[17] Satyendra Narayan Sinha (who was affectionately called "Chhote Saheb") also became a prominent freedom fighter leader[18] and later became[19] Chief Minister of Bihar.[15] His grandson Nikhil Kumar, a former IPS, has served as the Governor of Kerala.[20] Dr. Sinha served the state continuously, barring war years(Second World War 1939–1945), as the Deputy Chief Minister cum Finance Minister from the time of the first[13] Congress Ministry in 1937 till his death on 5 July 1957.[21] Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan[22] served as the Chairman of Anugraha Smarak Nidhi(Anugrah Memorial Fund). The Department of Posts released a commemorative stamp in his memory.The 125th birth anniversary[23] of Anugrah Babu was also celebrated by a state level committee headed by Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar.In 2013, various programmes were organised throughout the year and biographies of Shri babu and Anugrah Babu were included in the school syllabus. See also
References1. ^[https://www.telegraphindia.com/1111107/jsp/bihar/story_14718073.jsp 'Aim to develop institute into university' HARD TALK/ DM Diwakar]. Telegraphindia.com (7 November 2011). Retrieved on 7 December 2018. 2. ^Nalin Verma. (10 April 2014) [https://www.telegraphindia.com/1140410/jsp/bihar/story_18175086.jsp Goodbye to good life for heirloom]. Telegraphindia.com. Retrieved on 7 December 2018. 3. ^{{cite web| url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/members.htm#BIHAR| title=Members of the Constituent Assembly Bihar| publisher=Parliament of India| accessdate=20 May 2005}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gQCRixJzOgsC&pg=PA123 | title=First Finance cum Labour Minister|author=Dr. Rajendra Prasad's Letters |page=123| publisher=Rajendra Prasad's archive| isbn=9788170230021| year=1984}} 5. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.aicc.org.in/satyagraha_laboratories_of_mahatma_gandhi.htm |title=SATYAGRAHA LABORATORIES OF MAHATMA GANDHI |publisher=aicc.org.in |accessdate=8 December 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061206050856/http://www.aicc.org.in/satyagraha_laboratories_of_mahatma_gandhi.htm |archivedate=6 December 2006 |deadurl=yes }} 6. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.kamat.com/kalranga/freedom/congress/c127.htm | title=Great freedom Fighters| publisher=Kamat's archive| accessdate=25 February 2006| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20060220003547/http://www.kamat.com/kalranga/freedom/congress/c127.htm| archivedate= 20 February 2006 | deadurl= no}} 7. ^{{cite book|author=Shankar Dayal Singh|title=Surabhita smr̥tiyāṃ|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kmZV1ALVaCYC&pg=PT403|year=1994|publisher=Prabhāta Prakāśana|isbn=978-81-7315-034-0|pages=403–}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/india7.nsf/38b852a8345861dd65256a980059289d/43f22a268865987a652570de007d9457?OpenDocument |title=The Better Man Has Won |author=Shree Shankar Sharan |work=India Rights Online |date=20 December 2005 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527160946/http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/india7.nsf/38b852a8345861dd65256a980059289d/43f22a268865987a652570de007d9457?OpenDocument |archivedate=27 May 2013 }} 9. ^{{cite book| first = Ashutosh| last = Partheshwar| title = Rajneeti Aur Naitikta (Dr Anugrah Narain Singh ke Lekh Bhashano ka Sankalan)| publisher = Prabhat Prakashan| location = Patna| year = 2017| isbn = 9789386300997| pages = 296 (p. 220)}} 10. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite web | url=http://www.kamat.com/database/biographies/anugrah_narayan_sinha.htm | title=Eminent Congressman-Anugrah Narayan Sinha | publisher=Kamat Research database | accessdate=25 June 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070610111940/http://www.kamat.com/database/biographies/anugrah_narayan_sinha.htm| archivedate= 10 June 2007 | deadurl= no}} 11. ^{{cite web | url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XoP8AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT192&dq=anugrah+narayan+sinha+rajput&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjr0oDygdrfAhXaWxUIHS-oCKMQ6AEILDAA#v=onepage&q=anugrah%20narayan%20sinha%20rajput&f=false | title=Agrarian Crisis in India: The Case of Bihar | publisher=University of Texas Press | date=2014 | accessdate=6 January 2019 | author=F. Tomasson Jannuzi}} 12. ^{{cite web | url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rT2xWp_iTCYC&pg=PA31&dq=anugrah+narayan+sinha+rajput&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjr0oDygdrfAhXaWxUIHS-oCKMQ6AEIQTAE#v=onepage&q=rajput&f=false | title=Nitish Kumar and the Rise of Bihar | publisher=Penguin Books, India | date=2011 | accessdate=6 January 2019 | author=Arun Sinha | pages=31}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web| url=http://www.indianpost.com/viewstamp.php/Alpha/DR.A.N.%20SINGH| title=Anugrah babu-first Bihar Deputy CM| publisher=Indian Post| accessdate=16 December 2004}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/india7.nsf/7215f99d277175f3e5257713005df697/43f22a268865987a652570de007d9457?OpenDocument|title=CHANGE IN BIHAR: The Better Man Has Won (Editorial)|date=20 December 2005|work=The Statesman|location=India|via=|author=S. Sharan|accessdate=}} 15. ^1 {{cite web| url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060907/edit.htm| title=A gentleman among politicians:Anugrah babu-one of makers of Bihar|author=A.J. Philip |date=7 September 2006|work=The Tribune |location=India| accessdate=5 September 2006| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20061013081719/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060907/edit.htm| archivedate= 13 October 2006 | deadurl= no}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://ssinhacollege.in/sinhacollege/index.php?page=content_types |title=First Finance Minister |author=Bihar:First Five Year plan |accessdate=5 December 2003 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818095812/http://ssinhacollege.in/sinhacollege/index.php?page=content_types |archivedate=18 August 2010 }} 17. ^{{cite web| url=http://pib.nic.in/release/rel_print_page1.asp?relid=20500| title=Vice-President Condoles death of former Bihar CM Satyendra Narayan Sinha| publisher=Vice President's Secretariat| accessdate=5 September 2006}} 18. ^{{cite web| url=http://news.oneindia.in/2006/09/04/in-sinhas-death-comes-the-end-of-an-era-1157375315.html| title=Satyendra Narayan Sinha |date=4 September 2006| work=One India| accessdate=6 September 2006}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.patnadaily.com/news2007/sept/090407/leaders_pay_tribute_to_former_cm.html |title=Nitish Kumar Pays tribute to Late Satyendra Narayan Sinha |publisher=Patna Daily |date=4 September 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808113523/http://www.patnadaily.com/news2007/sept/090407/leaders_pay_tribute_to_former_cm.html |archivedate=8 August 2008 }} 20. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nikhil-kumar-sworn-in-as-governor-of-kerala/article4541690.ece| title=Former Nagaland Governor Nikhil Kumar sworn in as Governor of Kerala| newspaper=The Hindu| date=23 March 2013}} 21. ^{{cite book|author1=Z.H. Faruqi|title=Dr. Zakir Hussain, Quest for Truth|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uzNnwUasQ3wC&pg=PA287|year=1999|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7648-056-7|pages=287–}} 22. ^1 Bihar Vibhuti's Legacy Drifting into Oblivion?. PatnaDaily (6 January 2012). Retrieved on 7 December 2018. 23. ^Govt to make documentary films on Sri Babu, Anugrah Babu. Times of India (14 September 2012). Retrieved on 7 December 2018. Resources
External links{{Commons category|Anugrah Narayan Sinha}}
19 : 1887 births|1957 deaths|Presidency University, Kolkata alumni|Indian National Congress politicians from Bihar|Indian independence activists from Bihar|Gandhians|Members of the Constituent Assembly of India|People from Aurangabad district, Bihar|University of Calcutta alumni|People from Aurangabad, Bihar|Finance Ministers of Bihar|Patna University alumni|Members of Central Legislative Assembly of India|Prisoners and detainees of British India|Members of the Imperial Legislative Council of India|Bihar MLAs 1952–57|Bihar MLAs 1957–62|Deputy Chief Ministers of Bihar|People from Gaya district |
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