“Apris”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Apris

释义

Aprisuktas
References

Apri ({{IAST|āprī}}) in Sanskrit means "conciliation, propitiation" and refers to special invocations spoken previous to the offering of oblations. RV 1.13 is known as the Apri-hymn of the Kanvas, and Sayana in the context of this hymn enumerates twelve Apris propitiating twelve deities, also known as Apris ({{IAST|āpryas}}). These are deified objects belonging to the fire sacrifice of Vedic religion, the fuel, the sacred grass, the enclosure, etc. The Apris are all regarded as different manifestations of Agni.

The identification of individual Rigvedic verses as "Apris" (f. pl. either {{IAST|Āpríyas}} or {{IAST|Āpryas}})

is found in Shrauta Sutra literature.

The {{IAST|āśvalāyana-śrauta-sūtra}} (3.2.5ff) states that these hymns are chosen differently in different schools. Thus, RV 5.28.1 is the Apri of the śaunaka school, RV 7.2.1 in that of vasaiṣṭha, and RV 10.110.1 that of others. Gargya Narayana later gives ten entire Rigvedic hymns (suktas) as "{{IAST|Āprīsūkta}}s" belonging to different gotras.

Aprisuktas

Of the ten Aprisuktas mentioned in Gargya Narayana's commentary, I.13 and I.142 both invoke the {{IAST|Narāśaṁsa}} and {{IAST|Tanūnapāt}} manifestations of Agni, I.188, III.4, IX.5 and X.110 invoke only the {{IAST|Tanūnapāt}} manifestation and II.3, V.5, VII.2 and X.70 invoke only the {{IAST|Narāśaṁsa}} manifestation.

{{IAST\|Āprīsūkta	{{IAST\|Ṛṣi	Gotra
1.13	Medhātithi Kāṇva}}	Kāṇva}}
1.142	Dīrghatamā Aucathya}}	Āngirasa}}
1.188	Agastya MaitrāvaruṇI}}	Agastya
2.3	Gṛtsamada Śaunahotra}}	Śaunaka}}
3.4	Viśvāmitra Gāthina}}	Kauśika}}
5.5	Vasuśruta Ātreya}}	Ātreya}}
7.2	Vasiṣṭha MaitrāvaruṇI}}	Vāsiṣṭha}}
9.5	Asita or Devala Kāśypa}}	Kāśypa}}
10.70	Sumitra Vādhryaśva}}	Bharata}}
10.110	Rāma Jāmadagnya or Jamadagni}}	Bhārgava}}

References

{{IAST|āprī}} in: Monier-Williams A Sanskrit Dictionary, 1899.
R. Fick, "Gotra" in: ed. Hastings, Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics vol. 6, 1999, [https://books.google.ch/books?id=i0DdJfOXxfQC&pg=PA355#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 355]
Samir Nath, "Gotra-system" in: Dictionary Of Vedanta, 2002, [https://books.google.ch/books?id=yGBaXO54-HwC&pg=PA153#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 153].

4 : Rigveda|Rigvedic deities|Fire in Hindu worship|Gotras

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