| 词条 | Aram Shah |
| 释义 |
|title=Sultan of Delhi |predecessor=Qutb al-Din Aibak |successor=Iltutmish |titletext= |reign=December 1210 – June 1211 |father=Qutb al-Din Aibak |house=Mamluk dynasty |mother= |religion=Islam |birth_date = unknown |birth_place = |death_date=June 1211 }} Aram Shah was the second sultan of the Mamluk dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.[1] He reigned from 1210 to 1211. OriginsThe relationship of Aram Shah with Qutb al-Din Aibak (the first sultan of Delhi, who ruled from 1206 to 1210) is a subject of controversy.[2][3] According to some, he was Aibak's son, but Minhaj-i-Siraj distinctly writes that Qutb al-Din only had three daughters. Abul Fazl has made the "astonishing statement" that Aram Shah was Qutb al-Din's brother. A modern writer has hazarded the opinion that "he was no relation of Qutb al-Din" but was selected as his successor as he was available on the spot. SuccessionThere were no fixed rules governing the succession in the Sultanate, with Aram being selected by Turkic amirs (nobles) at Lahore.[4] However, Aram was ill-qualified to govern a kingdom. An elite group of forty nobles known as "Chihalgani" soon conspired against him and invited Shams ud-Din Iltutmish, then Governor of Badaun, to replace Aram. Both Aram Shah and Iltutmish marched towards Delhi from Lahore and Badaun respectively. They met on the plain of Bagh-i-Jud near Delhi in 1211, where Iltutmish defeated Aram.[5][6] It is unclear whether Aram was martyred, killed in battle or executed in prison.[7] See also
References1. ^{{cite book | title = The Sultanate of Delhi, 711-1526 A.D. | author = Ashirbadi Lal Srivastava | publisher = Shiva Lal Agarwala | year = 1966 | pages = 92–93 }} 2. ^Peter Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, (Cambridge University Press, 1999), 29. 3. ^C.E. Bosworth, The New Islamic Dynasties, (Columbia University Press, 1996), 300. 4. ^Satish Chandra, Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals, Part One, (Har-Anand Publications, 2013), 39. 5. ^Peter Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, 29. 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Mahajan|first1=V.D.|title=History of Medieval India|date=2016|publisher=Sultan Chand|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-219-0364-6|page=104|chapter=The Slave Dynasty}} 7. ^Peter Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, 29. External links
before=Qutb-ud-din Aybak| title=Slave Dynasty| years=1206–1290| after=Shams ud din Iltutmish }}{{succession box| before=Qutb-ud-din Aybak| title=Sultan of Delhi| years=1210–1211| after=Shams ud din Iltutmish }}{{s-end}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aram Shah}}{{India-royal-stub}} 6 : Sultans of the Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi)|Indian Sunni Muslims|13th-century Indian monarchs|Year of birth uncertain|Year of death unknown|13th-century Indian Muslims |
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