| 词条 | Army Foundation College |
| 释义 |
|unit_name= Army Foundation College Harrogate |image= |caption= |dates= 1947–1996 (as the Army Apprentices School, Harrogate) 3 August 1998–to date |country={{Flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom |allegiance= |branch= British Army |type= |role= Phase 1 Training Establishment |size= ~1,300 soldiers under training ~500 permanent staff |command_structure= Initial Training Group (ITG) |garrison= Uniacke Barracks, Penny Pot Lane, Harrogate HG3 2SE |garrison_label=Location |nickname= |motto= Trust, Courage, Team Spirit |colors=Red, Yellow & Green {{color box|red}} {{color box|yellow}} {{color box|green}} |colors_label=Colours |march= |mascot= |equipment= |equipment_label= |battles= |anniversaries= |decorations= |notable_commanders= |identification_symbol= |identification_symbol_label=Welcome Board |identification_symbol_2= |current_commander= Lt Col Richard Hall MBE Yorks |current_commander_label=Commanding Officer |ceremonial_chief= |ceremonial_chief_label= |colonel_of_the_regiment= |colonel_of_the_regiment_label= }} The Army Foundation College (AFC) is located in Harrogate, North Yorkshire, England. It is the only British Army establishment that delivers initial military training (Phase 1 training) to Junior Soldiers (aged between 16 years and 17 years, 5 months).[1] HistoryThe Royal Signals Apprentices School was established in Harrogate to provide military and vocational training for the Royal Corps of Signals, Royal Artillery (RA) and Royal Engineers (RE) in 1947.[2] It was renamed the Army Apprentices College in 1961 when the RA and RE were relocated, providing Royal Signals training until it closed in 1998.[2] In September 1998, the site reopened as the Army Foundation College to provide initial military training to the army's youngest enlisted trainees, aged between 16 years and 17 years, 5 months, for a range of combat arms and services.[1][3] It was rebuilt by Jarvis under a private finance initiative contract worth £526.6 million between 2000 and 2002.[4] Intake and retentionEach year, approximately 1,200 boys and 100 girls begin their army training at AFC, of whom approximately 500 are training for infantry roles.[5] In 2016, an article in the RUSI Journal calculated that between 2009–10 and 2013–14, 67% of British Army recruits aged under 18 at enlistment completed Phase 1 and 2 training.[6] There are two entry points, in September and March; and two graduations, in August and February, each year.[1] TrainingAFC delivers two Phase 1 (initial military training) courses:[1]
Despite the differing course lengths, all recruits are trained to the same standard of the Common Military Syllabus (see Selection and Training in the British Army). Junior Soldiers who complete their Phase 1 training proceed to their Phase 2 courses (military trade training) at other establishments. EducationIn addition to initial military training, Junior Soldiers can study Functional Skills courses in maths, English and IT at Levels 1 and 2, provided by TQ Pearson.[7] Those who already have qualifications in mathematics and English have the option to study for a BTEC Certificate in Public Services at Level Three.[8] The education provided has drawn both praise[9] and criticism.[10] Running costsAccording to the Ministry of Defence, it costs the British Army approximately £62 million per annum to operate AFC.[11] In 2014–15, the cost per successfully trained recruit (who proceeded to complete their Phase 2 trade training) was £90,000 for those on the 42-week course (this includes all infantry trainees) and £38,000 for those on the 22-week course.[12] ControversyCost of service deliveryAFC has been criticised for costing three times as much to deliver Phase 1 training to a 16-year-old infantry recruit as the equivalent cost for a recruit aged 17.5 and above at the Infantry Training Centre.[6][11] The British Army's policy of enlisting from age 16 has also been criticised for leading to lower trainee retention than is found among adult recruits; between 2009–10 and 2013–14, 33% of enlisted minors dropped out of army training (versus 24% of adult recruits).[6] Age of enlistmentIn view of developing children's rights standards and evidence showing a detrimental impact of military training and employment on younger recruits,[13][14][15][16][17][18] several bodies, including the Children's Commissioners for each of the four nations of the UK and the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, have also called on the armed forces to raise the minimum age of enlistment to 18.[19][20][14] In response to these concerns, the Ministry of Defence (MOD) defended the current policy, stating in 2016: 'The army needs to attract school and college leavers at the earliest opportunity.'[21] In the same year, the Chief of the General Staff, General Sir Nick Carter, added: '[T]he fact that our junior entry is always 100% manned is indicative of people finding that it is something that is really positive to do.'[22] Recruit abuse investigation 2014-18{{Main|Army Foundation College recruit abuse investigation 2014-18}}Between 2014 and 2017, recruits made 50 formal complaints of allegations of assault or other ill-treatment by staff.[23] In 2017, the MOD confirmed reports that 17 instructors at AFC would be standing trial at court martial for 40 counts of alleged physical abuse of recruits during battle camp at Kirkudbright, Scotland.[24] ForcesTV, the Mail on Sunday, and the Guardian reported that the allegations included assault, holding trainees' heads under water, and forcing animal dung into their mouths.[25][26][27][28] The case was reported as the British army's largest ever investigation of abuse.[29][30] At a preliminary hearing in September 2017, the accused pleaded not guilty to all charges.[28] The trial in February 2018 collapsed after the judge ruled that the investigation by the Royal Military Police had been 'seriously flawed', and that a fair trial for the defendants would no longer be possible.[31] See also{{Portal|British Army}}
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.army.mod.uk/training_education/24420.aspx|title=Army Foundation College Harrogate|last=British Army|date=n.d.|website=www.army.mod.uk|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=4 December 2017}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://aoha.org.uk/|title=Home – The Harrogate Apprentice|website=The Harrogate Apprentice|accessdate=4 December 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.forces-war-records.co.uk/units/2482/army-foundation-college-harrogate/|title=Army Foundation College Harrogate – Regiment History, War & Military Records & Archives|website=www.forces-war-records.co.uk|accessdate=4 December 2017}} 4. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1755213/pricewaterhousecoopers-advises-mod-gbp862m-pfi-deal-army-foundation-college|title=PricewaterhouseCoopers advises MoD on £86.2m PFI deal for Army Foundation College – Accountancy Age|date=9 February 2000|work=Accountancy Age|accessdate=4 December 2017}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmhansrd/cm140623/text/140623w0004.htm|title=House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 23 Jun 2014 (pt 0004)|last=Westminster|first=Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons,|website=publications.parliament.uk|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite journal|last=Gee|first=David|last2=Taylor|first2=Rachel|date=1 November 2016|title=Is it Counterproductive to Enlist Minors into the Army?|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2016.1265837|journal=The RUSI Journal|volume=161|issue=6|pages=36–48|doi=10.1080/03071847.2016.1265837|issn=0307-1847}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.pearson.com/uk/web/pearsontq/case-studies/2016/10/army-foundation-college-harrogate.html|title=Army Foundation College, Harrogate|website=www.pearson.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Commons/2018-12-03/198354/|title=Army Foundation College: Qualifications:Written question - 198354|website=UK Parliament|accessdate=13 March 2019}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2014/feb/21/why-army-education-is-hard-not-to-admire|title=Why an army education is hard not to admire {{!}} Zoe Williams|last=Williams|first=Zoe|date=21 February 2014|work=The Guardian|accessdate=1 June 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.child-soldiers.org/shop/education-in-the-british-army-comparison-with-civilian-standards-for-the-16-17-age-group|title=Education in the British army: Comparison with civilian standards for the 16–17 age group|last=|first=|date=|website=Child Soldiers International|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=4 December 2017}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmhansrd/cm140623/text/140623w0003.htm|title=House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 23 Jun 2014 (pt 0003)|last=Westminster|first=Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons,|website=publications.parliament.uk|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Lords/2016-04-14/HL7675/|title=Army: Training:Written question – HL7675|last=Earl Howe|first=|date=|website=UK Parliament|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 13. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.refworld.org/docid/589dad3d4.html|title=General comment No. 20 (2016) on the implementation of the rights of the child during adolescence|last=UN Committee on the Rights of the Child|first=|date=|work=|accessdate=6 December 2017|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=}} 14. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC/C/GBR/CO/5&Lang=en|title=Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|last=Committee on the Rights of the Child|first=|date=2016|website=tbinternet.ohchr.org|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://vfpuk.org/2017/report-the-first-ambush/|title=The First Ambush? Effects of military employment and training|last=Gee|first=D|date=3 July 2017|work=Veterans For Peace UK|accessdate=6 December 2017|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/defence-committee/armed-forces-and-veterans-mental-health/written/79963.html|title=Written evidence submitted by Medact|last=Medact|first=|date=8 March 2018|website=parliament.uk|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=15 June 2018}} 17. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.medact.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/medact_childrecruitment_17-oct_WEB.pdf|title=The recruitment of children by the UK armed forces|last=Medact|first=|date=2016|website=|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=15 June 2018}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.child-soldiers.org/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=1a608665-f302-4bf4-9710-580a4ee7892a|title=Why 18 Matters: A rights-based analysis of child recruitment|last=Child Soldiers International|first=|date=2018|website=|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=15 June 2018}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.child-soldiers.org/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=47932680-1531-498c-abe1-826acab81a37|title=Letter from UK Children's Commissioners and others to the Ministry of Defence|last=|first=|date=2016|website=|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/jt200809/jtselect/jtrights/157/157.pdf|title=Children's Rights|last=House of Commons and House of Lords Joint Committee on Human Rights|first=|date=2009|website=|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2016-04-27c.1181.1|title=Armed Forces Bill – Report: 27 Apr 2016: House of Lords debates – TheyWorkForYou|last=Earl Howe|first=|date=|website=TheyWorkForYou|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/armed-forces-bill-committee/armed-forces-bill-201516/oral/24608.html|title=General N Carter, cited in Oral evidence – Armed Forces Bill 2015–16 – 18 Nov 2015|last=|first=|date=|website=data.parliament.uk|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/mar/23/teenage-army-recruits-make-50-allegations-of-ill-treatment-at-college|title=Teenage army recruits make 50 allegations of ill-treatment at college|last=Morris|first=Steven|date=23 March 2018|work=The Guardian|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=15 April 2018}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=https://modmedia.blog.gov.uk/2017/08/13/defence-in-the-media-sunday-13-august-2017/|title=Defence in the media: Sunday 13 August 2017 (Court Martial of 17 Army instructors)|last=Ministry of Defence|first=|date=|website=modmedia.blog.gov.uk|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 25. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.forces.net/news/17-ex-army-instructors-face-court-martial|title=17 Ex-Army Instructors To Face Court Martial|work=Forces Network|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 26. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www-dailymail-co-uk.cdn.ampproject.org/c/www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4785252/amp/SEVENTEEN-Army-instructors-charged-attacking-recruits.html|title=SEVENTEEN Army instructors charged with attacking recruits|work=Mail Online|accessdate=6 December 2017}} 27. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/aug/13/17-army-instructors-charged-with-assaulting-teenage-recruits|title=17 army instructors charged with assaulting teenage recruits|last=Perraudin|first=Frances|date=13 August 2017|work=The Guardian|accessdate=6 December 2017|issn=0261-3077}} 28. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/sep/21/uk-army-instructors-accused-of-physically-abusing-teen-recruits|title=UK army instructors in court over claims they physically abused teen recruits|last=Morris|first=Steven|date=21 September 2017|work=The Guardian|accessdate=6 December 2017|last2=agency|issn=0261-3077}} 29. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/08/13/army-instructors-punched-kicked-teenage-recruits/|title=Army instructors 'punched and kicked teenage recruits'|last=Farmer|first=Ben|date=13 August 2017|work=Telegraph|accessdate=12 March 2018|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|issn=0307-1235}} 30. ^{{Cite news|url=https://inews.co.uk/news/uk/army-instructors-face-court-marshall-trial-assaults-teenage-trainees/|title=British Army's 'largest ever abuse case' begins|date=12 February 2018|work=iNews|accessdate=13 March 2018}} 31. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.forceswatch.net/sites/default/files/R_v_Girault_and_Others_Ruling_on_Abuse_of_Process_28_February_2018.pdf|title=R v Girault and Others Ruling on Abuse of Process|last=|first=|date=28 February 2018|website=|archive-url=|archivedate=|dead-url=|accessdate=19 March 2018}} External links
4 : Training establishments of the British Army|Military units and formations established in 1998|Buildings and structures in Harrogate|Education in Harrogate |
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